2. HEALTH CARE
It is defined as multiple services rendered to
individuals, families or communities by the agents of
health services or professionals for the purpose of
promoting, maintaining, monitoring or restoring
health.
4. HEALTH FOR ALL
Attainment by all people of the world of a
level of health that can permit them to lead a
socially and economically productive life.
“30th World health assembly, Alma Ata, 1978”
6. • “Essential health care based on practical,
scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods
and technology made universally accessible to
individuals and families in the community through
their full participation and at a cost that the
community and the country can afford to maintain at
every stage of their development in the spirit of self-
determination. ”
“WHO, 1978”
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
7. CONCEPT
• The concept of primary health care was introduced at
international level jointly by WHO and UNICEF at the
Alma Atta conference in 1978 to achieve the goal of
HFA by the year 2000A.D
8. PRINCIPLES OF PRIMARY HEALTH
CARE
Equitable distribution
Acceptable
Accessible
Affordable
Community participation
Multisectorial approach
Appropriate technology
Intersectoral
coordination
Human resource
Referral system
Logistics of supply
The physical facilities
9. Equitable distribution:
• Health services must be shared equally by all people
irrespective of their ability to pay and all.
COVERAGE AND ACCESSIBILITY:
• Primary health care aims to provide health care to all
the population living in any geographical area.
10. COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION:
• community participation is the process by which
individuals and families assume responsibilities for
their own health and welfare and for those of the
community and develops the capacity to contribute to
their and country’s development.
11. MULTISECTORAL APPROACH:
• For achieving the goals co-ordination with the other
sectors is necessary because no sector can achieve its
goals in isolation.
APPROPRIATE HEALTH TECHNOLOGY:
• it implies the use of methods, techniques and
equipments which are scientifically sound but simple
12. HUMAN RESOURCE:
• for the effective implementation of primary health care , it is
essential to make full use of all the available resources
including the human potential of all the country.
SERVICES BY COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKER:
• community health workers form a link between the
community people and the health system. They are given
short and simple training to be able to take care of the simple
and basic health needs of the people.
13. REFERRAL SYSTEM:
• The patients with severe condition unable to treat at the
primary level should be referred to the higher/ specialized
centre for the proper treatment.
LOGISTICS OF SUPPLY:
• It includes planning and budgeting of the supplies required,
procurement or manufacture, storage, distribution and
control.
14. 1. Health education
2. Food supply and nutrition
3. Safe drinking water and sanitation
4. Maternal and child health, family planning
5. Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI)
6. Prevention and control of endemic diseases
7. Appropriate treatment of common diseases, injuries and
accidents
8. Provision of essential drugs
COMPONENTS OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
15.
16. Primary health care and community health nursing
• Primary health care emphasizes the development of universally
acceptable, affordable and accessible essential health services
that are community-based and emphasizes health promotion and
maintenance, self reliance and community participation in
decision making about health.
• There is a link between community health nursing and primary
health care. Both incorporate community based practice,
involvement of the community in health care decisions, a focus
on disease prevention and health promotion and use of an
interdisciplinary approach in planning and implementing
appropriate solutions to health problems.
17. ROLE OF NURSE
• Assessing the health status of individuals and communities.
• Mobilizing community involvement.
• Providing integrated health care including the treatment of
emergencies, and making referrals.
• Maintaining epidemiological surveillance.
• Training and supervising health workers.
• Collaborating with other development sectors.
• Monitoring progress in primary health care.
