1. DIABETES SYMPTOMS AND
SIGNS
Presented By
Sumit Ku. Bain & Sambit Ku. Behera
1st MBBS (Batch of 2012)

2. Diabetes Easy To Miss.........
• According to recent stats diabetes affects
24 million people in U.S but only 18Million
know they have it.
• About 90 % of those people have type 2
diabetes.
• Diabetes is often called the silent killer
because of its easy to miss symptoms..

3. Definition Of Symptoms And
Signs
• Symptoms are what a patient experiences
• Signs are what a doctor sees,
• A symptom can be defined as one of the
characters of a disease.
• Meanwhile, sign is the definite indication
of a specific disease.

4. • Actual cause of diabetes is a mystery
• Environmental factors play a large role
– lack of exercise
– and obesity,
– as well as genetics.
• Three basic types of diabetes,
– Type 1,
– Type 2, and
– Gestational Diabetes.

5. • Type I Diabetes • Type II Diabetes

7. • TYPE 1 DIABETES
• Type 1 diabetes is caused by an auto-
immune reaction, where the body's
defense system attacks the insulin-
producing cells in the pancreas.

8. Type 1 diabetes often develops suddenly
and can include symptoms such as:
• abnormal thirst and dry mouth
• frequent urination
• extreme tiredness/lack of energy
• constant hunger
• sudden weight loss
• slow-healing wounds
• recurrent infections
• blurred vision

9. • TYPE 2 DIABETES
• Most common type of diabetes.
• The body is able to produce insulin
– But it is either not sufficient or the body is not
responding to its effects,
– Leading to a build-up of glucose in the blood.

12. Common Symptoms Of
Diabetes Mellitus
• Increased thirst (POLYDIPSIA)
• Frequent urination. (POLYURIA)
• Increased hunger.(POLYPHAGIA)

13. POLYDIPSIA
• Polydipsia is the medical
term for excessive thirst.
• Large volume of water being lost
through the kidneys due to sugar
spillage
• The body is at a chronic water deficit.
This leads to excessive thirst.

14. POLYURIA
• In Diabetes Mellitus - too much glucose in
the blood (hyperglycaemia).
• Tubules in the kidney do not reabsorb
glucose - so some glucose in the urine.
• This increases the osmotic pressure of the
urine - it is harder for water to leave the urine
back into the body. Hence polyuria
(increased volume of urine) is experienced
by the diabetic .

15. POLYPHAGIA
• This is a condition where a person have an
enormous feeling of hungriness.
• The body's cells does not get enough glucose or
sugar.
• This is due to body being resistant to insulin.
• The cells cannot absorb sugar which makes a
person feel hungry

16. Some Other Symptoms of
Diabetes Mellitus

Itching of the skin (usually around the vaginal or
groin area)

Velvety dark skin changes of the neck, armpit and
groin, called acanthosis nigricans

Numbness and tingling of the hands and feet

Impotency

17. GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS
• Women - first diagnosed with diabetes
during pregnancy are said to have
gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
• It normally occurs later in pregnancy and
arises because the body is unable to
make and use enough insulin needed for
pregnancy.

18. IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE
AND IMPAIRED FASTING GLUCOSE
• IGT is defined as high blood glucose
levels after eating,
• whereas IFG is defined as high blood
glucose after a fast.

19. THANK YOU