The documents describe new diagnostic techniques that provide faster, lower-cost testing. One device uses a mobile phone and cloud computing to provide HIV and other disease testing in remote areas. Results are available in 15 minutes. A new PCR technique allows for more accurate diagnosis of Huntington's disease from fewer sample repetitions in 15 minutes as well, reducing false negatives. These techniques improve access and outcomes for diseases globally.

1. “ FAST, LOW-COST DEVICE
USES THE CLOUD TO SPEED
UP DIAGNOSTIC TESTING
FOR HIV AND MORE” AND
“NOVEL TEST STREAMLINES
TESTING FOR HUNTINGTON
DISEASE”
MANUELA JIMÉNEZ
OBANDO
MEDICINE STUDENT UPB 2013

4. There are many techniques that are
used in molecular biology, for
example, PCR (polymerase chain
reaction) or ELISA.
PCR pretends to amplify DNA o
RNA, using enzymes in vitro, and
is useful in the detection of genetical
disease like Huntington.

5. ELISA is a low-cost immunoassay
technique that finding antibodies or antigens,
is really useful in the detection of different
diseases.

6. “FAST LOW-COST DEVICE
USES THE CLOUD TO
SPPED UP DIAGNOSTIC
TESTING FOR HIV AND
MORE”
Clinic a l Che m is try , January
18,2013

7. “FAST LOW-COST DEVICE USES THE CLOUD TO
SPPED UP DIAGNOSTIC TESTING FOR HIV AND
MORE”
Samuel K. Sia developed an advanced
technique that he proposed to provide a It consists of a handheld mobile device that
disgnostic service with a lab-quality, to only by picking a finger and getting a
people in remote areas of the world , sample, can give the results in just 15
who can´t go to a hospital facility. minutes (faster than ELISA).
This test allows a real-time
synchronization of diagnostic
results with patient records in
the cloud.

8. “FAST LOW-COST DEVICE USES THE CLOUD TO
SPPED UP DIAGNOSTIC TESTING FOR HIV AND
MORE”
The possibility to give quick
results allows real-time data
upload, resulting in easier
epidemiological analysis; this is
one of the contributions to the
medical world: the prevention of
some diseases (HIV for
example).

9. “FAST LOW-COST DEVICE USES THE CLOUD TO
SPPED UP DIAGNOSTIC TESTING FOR HIV AND
MORE”
Sia has now other bigger objetives
with his “lab on a chip”: “To implement an
antenatal care panel for
diagnosing HIV and
sexually transmitted
diseases for pregnant
women in Rwanda”

10. “FAST LOW-COST DEVICE USES THE CLOUD TO
SPPED UP DIAGNOSTIC TESTING FOR HIV AND
MORE”
I think what Sia is d oing is a great
contrib utio n to the develo pm ent of m edical
techno logies, because it b rings the possibility
of getting a diagnosis to people who can ´ t go
OBSERVATION: to a h ealth facility or who live in
undeveloped countries. On the other side, this
techno logy facilitates the inform ation to
epidem iological stud ies.

11. “NOVEL TEST
STREAMLINES
TESTING FOR
HUNTINGTON
DISEASE”
The Journal of Molecular
Diagnostics, Volume 15,
Issue 2 (March 2013)
published by Elsevier.

12. “NOVEL TEST STREAMLINES TESTING
FOR HUNTINGTON DISEASE”
This disease is a neurodegenerative disorder
(oringinated by the Huntingtina, a protein
HUNTINGTON encoded by repeted sequences of “CAG”)
DISEASE
This protein accumulation affects specially the brain
and the expression of symptoms is directly related
with the number of repetitions.
Symptoms are often related with problems in mood or
cognition, diminished muscle coordination, with consequences
which are evident on walking, speaking and other daily life
activities. This people also has changes in personality and
thinking skills.
Neurons with Nuclear inclusions

13. “NOVEL TEST STREAMLINES TESTING
FOR HUNTINGTON DISEASE”
A new test : TP PCR
Generates accurate results The study used 246 samples that were previously
by counting the analyzed with other methods (with possitive and
repetitions of the sequence negative results for HD), and the samples results
and doesn´t need coincided.
additional tests

14. “NOVEL TEST STREAMLINES TESTING
FOR HUNTINGTON DISEASE”
The TP PCR based its analysis in
the fact than 39 or more repetitions
Even 101 repetitions could be
of “CAG” determinates the risk of
accurately sized with TP PCR.
developing HD.
Also samples that were really
difficult to analyze with other
methods, and were considered a
challenging, had easy and accurate
results with this new test.
Another advantage of TP PCR is the
ability to identify the homozygous
normal samples and avoid further tests.
However, in children further tests are
recomended.

15. “NOVEL TEST STREAMLINES TESTING
FOR HUNTINGTON DISEASE”
OBSERVATION:
I think that using TP PCR it is possible to
reduce the number of false negative, that would
be really useful for people who has HD, because
it is a grave disease that affect in a big way the
life of patients who suffer from it; they can
develop diminished muscle coordination that is
evident on walking and speaking during the
daily life. This people also have changes in
personality and thinking skills.

16. MEDICAL UTILITY
The easier, and more effective
diagnosis of a lot of diseases like
Huntington.

17. MEDICAL UTILITY
Reduce the number of false
negatives in some diseases.

18. MEDICAL UTILITY
…And gives a faster way to
prevent and start
a treatment in positive cases.

19. MEDICAL UTILITY
Gives the possibility of a diagnosis and control
tests to places in the world without access to
specialized laboratories. And do it with a low-cost
and fast way.

20. BIBLIOGRAFÍA
 Martínez,Lina; Vargas,Natalia; Toro,Eduardo; Pamplona,Ana;
Quevedo,Esteban.“Biología molecular”.Ed7. 2012. Pp.121-127
 Mohamed Jama, Alison Millson, Christine E. Miller, Elaine Lyon. Triplet
Repeat Primed PCR Simplifies Testing for Huntington
Disease. The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics, 2013;
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2012.09.005
 C. D. Chin, Y. K. Cheung, T. Laksanasopin, M. M. Modena, S. Y. Chin,
A. A. Sridhara, D. Steinmiller, V. Linder, J. Mushingantahe, G.
Umviligihozo, W. El-Sadr, S. K. Sia. Mobile Device for Disease
Diagnosis and Data Tracking in Resource-Limited
Settings. Clinical Chemistry, 2013;
DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2012.199596