2. ethics
• moral principles that govern a person's behaviour or
the conducting of an activity
• the branch of knowledge that deals with moral
principles.
• fundamental principles of decent human conduct. It
includes study of universal values such as the essential
equality of all men and women, human or natural
rights, obedience to
the law of land, concern for health and safety and,
increasingly, also for the natural environment.
MANU H NATESH MBA,M.Com. BMSEAC
manu@bmsec.ac.in
4. Business ethics
• Business ethics (also corporate ethics) is a
form of applied ethics or
professionalethics that
examines ethical principles and moral
or ethical problems that arise in a
business environment. It applies to all aspects
of business conduct and is relevant to the
conduct of individuals and entire
organizations.
MANU H NATESH MBA,M.Com. BMSEAC
manu@bmsec.ac.in
5. Need or Importance of Business Ethics
MANU H NATESH MBA,M.Com. BMSEAC
manu@bmsec.ac.in
6. Principles of Business Ethics
• 12 Ethical Principles
• Honesty
• Integrity
• Promise-Keeping & Trustworthiness
• Loyalty
• Fairness
• Concern for Others
• Respect for Others
• Law Abiding
• Commitment to Excellence
• Leadership
• Reputation & Morale
• Accountability
MANU H NATESH MBA,M.Com. BMSEAC
manu@bmsec.ac.in
8. SCOPE OF BUSINESS ETHICS
• Ethics in Compliance
Compliance is about obeying and adhering to rules and
authority. The motivation for being compliant could be
to do the right thing out of the fear of being caught
rather than a desire to be abiding by the law.
MANU H NATESH MBA,M.Com. BMSEAC
manu@bmsec.ac.in
9. Ethics in Finance
The ethical issues in finance that
companies and employees are
confronted with include:
• In accounting – window dressing,
misleading financial analysis.
• Related party transactions not at
arm’s length
• Insider trading, securities fraud
leading to manipulation of the
financial markets.
• Executive compensation.
• Bribery, kickbacks, over billing of
expenses, facilitation payments.
• Fake reimbursements
MANU H NATESH MBA,M.Com. BMSEAC
manu@bmsec.ac.in
10. Ethics in Human Resources
• Human resource management (HRM) plays a decisive
role in introducing and implementing ethics. Ethics
should be a pivotal issue for HR specialists. The ethics of
human resource management (HRM) covers those
ethical issues arising around the employer-employee
relationship, such as the rights and duties owed
between employer and employee.
MANU H NATESH MBA,M.Com. BMSEAC
manu@bmsec.ac.in
11. Ethics in Human Resources
• Discrimination issues i.e. discrimination
on the bases of age, gender, race,
religion, disabilities, weight etc.
• Sexual harassment.
• Affirmative Action.
• Issues surrounding the representation of
employees and the democratization of
the workplace, trade ization.
• Issues affecting the privacy of the
employee: workplace surveillance, drug
testing.
• Issues affecting the privacy of the
employer: whistle-blowing.
• Issues relating to the fairness of the
employment contract and the balance of
power between employer and
employee.
• Occupational safety and health.MANU H NATESH MBA,M.Com. BMSEAC
manu@bmsec.ac.in
12. Ethics in Marketing
• Pricing: price fixing, price
discrimination, price
skimming.
• Anti-competitive practices
like manipulation of supply,
exclusive dealing
arrangements, tying
arrangements etc.
• Misleading advertisements
• Content of advertisements.
• Children and marketing.
• Black markets, grey markets.
MANU H NATESH MBA,M.Com. BMSEAC
manu@bmsec.ac.in
13. Ethics of Production
• Defective, addictive and
inherently dangerous
products and
• Ethical relations between the
company and the
environment include
pollution, environmental
ethics, and carbon
emissions trading.
• Ethical problems arising out
of new technologies for eg.
Genetically modified food
• Product testing ethics
MANU H NATESH MBA,M.Com. BMSEAC
manu@bmsec.ac.in
14. Ethics in IPR knowledge and skills
• Patent infringement
• Patent misuse
• Copyright infringement
• Copyright misuse
• Trademark infringement
• Misuse of IPR’s
MANU H NATESH MBA,M.Com. BMSEAC
manu@bmsec.ac.in
20. Field of ethics
• 1. Descriptive Ethics: Different societies have
different moral standards.
2. Normative Ethics : This action is wrong in
this society, but it is right in another.
• 3. Analytic Ethics : Morality is relative.
MANU H NATESH MBA,M.Com. BMSEAC
manu@bmsec.ac.in
21. • Descriptive Ethics
The category of descriptive ethics is the
easiest to understand - it simply
involves describing how people behave
and/or what sorts of moral standards they
claim to follow. Descriptive ethics incorporates
research from the fields of anthropology,
psychology, sociology and history as part of
the process of understanding what people do
or have believed about moral norms.
MANU H NATESH MBA,M.Com. BMSEAC
manu@bmsec.ac.in
22. • Normative Ethics
The category of normative ethics involves
creating or evaluating moral standards. Thus, it is
an attempt to figure out what people should do
or whether their current moral behavior is
reasonable.
Traditionally, most of the field of moral philosophy
has involved normative ethics - there are few
philosophers out there who haven't tried their
hand at explaining what they think people should
do and why.
MANU H NATESH MBA,M.Com. BMSEAC
manu@bmsec.ac.in
23. • Analytic Ethics (Metaethics)
The category of analytic ethics, also often
referred to as metaethics, is perhaps the most
difficult of the three to understand. In fact, some
philosophers disagree as to whether or not it
should be considered an independent pursuit,
arguing that it should instead be included under
Normative Ethics. Nevertheless, it is discussed
independently often enough that it deserves its
own discussion here.
MANU H NATESH MBA,M.Com. BMSEAC
manu@bmsec.ac.in
24. SOURCES OF ETHICAL STANDARDS
• The utilitarian approach
• The right approach(deontological)
• The fairness or justice approach
• The common good approach
• The virtue approach
MANU H NATESH MBA,M.Com. BMSEAC
manu@bmsec.ac.in
28. Importance of Business Ethics
• Goodwill
• Profitability
• Survival of business
• Healthy competition
• Customer satisfaction
• Safeguarding consumer rights
• Protecting employees and shareholders
• Smooth function of business
• Consumer movement
• Importance of labor
MANU H NATESH MBA,M.Com. BMSEAC
manu@bmsec.ac.in
