powerpoint presentation for attitude formation, its causes and influences. in depth and organized information. useful for students of clas11-12 and graduates of the BA stream. visually pleasing with good quality information.

1. ATTITUDE
FORMATION
CIA 3 PROJECT

2. 1. In psychology, an attitude refers to a set of
emotions, beliefs, and behaviors toward a
particular object, person, thing, or
event. Attitudes are often the result of experience
or upbringing, and they can have a powerful
influence over behavior.
2. Attitudes refer to our overall evaluations of
people, groups, and objects in our social world.
INTRODUCTION

3. 3. Attitudes are often the result of experience or
upbringing, and they can have a powerful influence
over behavior. While attitudes are enduring, they
can also change.

4. COMPONENTS OF ATTITUDE
1. Cognitive Component: Your thoughts and
beliefs about the subject
2. Affective Component: How the object,
person, issue, or event makes you feel
3. Behavioral Component: How attitude
influences your behavior

5. FACTORS AFFECTING ATTITUDE
FORMATION
1. Experience: Attitudes form directly as a result of
experience. They may emerge due to direct
personal experience, or they may result from
observation. Research has shown that attitudes that
are derived from direct experience are stronger, are
held more confidently and are more resistant to
change than are attitudes formed through indirect
experience.
Example: Someone who was harmed by an animal
might form an attitude of fear towards that animal or
animals in general.

6. 2. Need Satisfaction: we tend to develop
favourable attitude toward things which help
us satisfy our needs. As is well known,
whenever something hinders our reaching a
goal or stop us from doing something that we
want to or frustrate our attempts to satisfy our
goals and needs, we feel negatively for those
things which stand in our way
Example:- Positive attitude towards a leniant
instructor and a negative attitude towards a
strict instructor.

7. 3. Social learning: This is another factor that
plays an important role in the development
of attitude. Process of learning affects the
development of attitude and the way an
individual learns other forms of behaviour.
Three processes of learning affect
development of attitudes and these are:
 Classical conditioning
 Operant conditioning and
 Social learning

8. • Classical Conditioning: Classical
conditioning is a type of learning that
happens unconsciously. When you learn
through classical conditioning, an
automatic conditioned response is paired
with a specific stimulus. This creates an
attitude
Example:- Response of a group who where
conditioned by mentioning Dutch followed by
good adjectives and Sweden by negative.

9. • Operant conditioning, sometimes referred
to as instrumental conditioning, is a
method of learning that employs rewards
and punishments for behavior.
Through operant conditioning, an
association is made between an attitude
and a consequence (whether negative or
positive) for that attitude
Example:- Following the attitudes of
parents, because they are tend to be
appraised

10. • Social learning theory: A number of
behaviours are learned by watching the
activities of others and the outcome of
such activities.
If an activity is followed by a punishment
it is more likely to be avoided and an
activity followed by a reward is most
likely to be practiced.
Example:- Being punished for
dishonesty, or rewarded for politeness,

11. 4. Cultural Factors: Cultural factors also
affect the development of attitudes.
Every society has its culture and every
culture has its traditions, norms, values,
religion etc. Thus socialisation of every
person is affected by the cultural factors
of that society.
Example:- Being aggressive is seen as a
sign of bravery in some cultures and in
others is seen to be a negative attitude
or abnormal.

12. 5. Stereotypes: Every society is
characterised with some stereotypes.
Stereotypes are simple generalised
expectations about people of other
groups. Persons may be grouped based
on race, ethnicity, religion, sexual
orientation, or any number of other
categories.
Example:- Men are stereotyped to be
emotionless or unexpressive, while
women are stereotypes to be over-
expressive and emotional.

14. THANK
YOU