1. DIVINE MERCY COLLEGE FOUNDATION INC.
Caloocan City
Professional Education
―THE NATURE AND DEVELOPMENT OF PHILIPPINE NATIONALISM‖
Presented by: M. EVANGELISTA

2. THE NATURE AND DEVELOPMENT OF
PHILIPPINE NATIONALISM
• Contributory Factors that gave
Birth to Philippine Nationalism
• The Impact of Customs and Traditions,
and Religion on Nationalism

3. CONTRIBUTORY FACTORS THAT GAVE
BIRTH TO PHILIPPINE NATIONALISM
• The influx of Liberal Ideas from abroad
• The Spanish Revolution of 1868
• The Opening of Suez Canal in 1869
• The Martyrdom of Fathers Gomez, Burgos
and Zamora in 1872

4. THE INFLUX OF LIBERAL IDEAS
FROM ABROAD
• Philippines was opened by Spain to World Trade
• Liberal ideas , contained books and newspapers,
were ideologies of the American and French
Revolutions and the thoughts of different
philosophers such as:
1. MONTESQUIEU
2. ROUSSEAU
3. VOLTAIRE
4. LOCKE
5. JEFFERSON, and other political philosophers.

5. MONTESQUIEU
• Was a French social
commentator and
political thinker who
lived during the Age of
Enlightenment.
• Born: January 18, 1689
• Place of Birth: La Brède,
France
• Died: February 10, 1755
• Spouse: Jane de
Lartigue

6. ROUSSEAU
• Jean-Jacques Rousseau was
a Genevan philosopher,
writer, and composer of
18th-century. His political
philosophy influenced
the French Revolution
• Born: June 28, 1712,
• Place of Birth: Geneva,
Switzerland
• Died: July 2, 1778,
• Partner: Thérèse Levasseur

7. VOLTAIRE
• François-Marie Arouet,
known by his name
Voltaire, was a French
Enlightenment writer,
historian and
philosopher
• Born: November 21,
1694, Paris, France
• Died: May 30, 1778,

8. LOCKE
• John Locke is widely
known as the Father
of Classical Liberalism.
• was an English philosopher
and physician regarded as
one of the most influential
of Enlightenment thinkers.
• Born: August 29, 1632,
• Place of Birth: Wrington,
United Kingdom
• Died: October 28, 1704,

9. JEFFERSON
• Thomas Jefferson was an
American Founding
Father, the principal
author of the Declaration
of Independence and the
third President of the
United States.
• Born: April 13, 1743
• Place of Birth: Virginia,
United States
• Died: July 4, 1826
• Presidential Term: March
4, 1801 – March 4, 1809

10. THE SPANISH REVOLUTION OF 1868
• The triumph of liberalism in
Spain against the autocratic
rule of Isabela II (1833-1869)
resounded across the seas to
the shores of her overseas
colonies.
• The Filipinos came to enjoy for
the first time the sweet taste
of a liberal regime including
the ff:
1. Freedom of Speech
2. Freedom of the Press
3. Freedom of Assembly
and other Human Rights

11. THE SUEZ CANAL AND THE
FILIPINOS
• The opening of Suez
Canal to world shipping
in 1869 stimulated
Philippine progress.
• This canal is 103 miles
long, and connects the
Mediterranean with the
Gulf of Suez and hence
with the Red Sea and
the Indian Ocean.

12. THE MARTYRDOM OF GOMBURZA
• The Filipino people deeply
resented the execution of
Fathers Gomez, Burgos and
Zamora.
• They were acclaimed as the
executed priests as true
martyrs of their fatherland.
• The execution of
GOMBURZA speed up the
growth of Philippine
Nationalism, which
ultimately brought about
Spain’s downfall.

13. THE IMPACT OF CUSTOMS AND
TRADITIONS AND RELIGION ON
NATIONALISM
• According to Renato Constantino, the principal exponent
of nationalism holds the view that the Philippines did not
sufficiently developed pre-colonial civilization because of
scattered and fragmented Filipino communities.
• National Literature, art, music and all other forms of
culture must therefore find their source and inspiration on
the people’s activities and dedicate their achievements to
the people.

15. PROPENSITY FOR GAMBLING
• Like all people on earth,
Filipinos have bad and
good character traits.
• Most scandalous of their
character defects is their
propensity for gambling.
• They would bet for
almost anything
• Their favorite forms of
gambling are
cockfighting, horse races,
jueteng, black jack,
poker, mahjong and etc.

16. INVETERATELY EXTRAVAGANT
• They love colorful fiestas,
expensive clothes and
jewelry and gay parties.
• No day ever passes in
the Philippines without
a costly fiesta, for every
barangay, town and city
the archipelago has a
patron saint, whose
annual feast day is
celebrated with great
extravaganzas.

17. FATALISTIC IN THEIR OUTLOOK
IN LIFE
• They tend to believe that
whatever happens, good or
bad, is due to fate
(tadhana).
• So they accept with
uncomplaining resignation
what ever happens to them,
and face the future with the
expression: “BAHALA NA,”
the equivalent of the
Spanish “QUE SERA,
SERA” (What will be, will
be).

18. LACK OF DISCIPLINE AND
PERSEVERANCE
• A character trait caused
perhaps by their tropical
environment.
• They seem to have
stamina for long difficult
task.
• Normally they begin their
work with great
enthusiasm, but like a
cogon fire which burns
brightly for a brief time
an then soon disappears.

19. HOSPITABLE
• Most admirable of
the character traits of
the Filipinos is their
proverbial hospitality.
• They receive all
foreigners, including
their former foes in
wars, in their country
and home with warm
hospitality and
friendship

20. CLOSE FAMILY TIES AND
EXTENDED FAMILY STRUCTURES
• Apart from being loyal
to their blood relatives.
Filipinos adapt new kins
(kumpadre and
kumare) through
having male and female
sponsors (ninong and
ninang) during baptisms
and weddings

21. GRATITUDE
(UTANG NA LOOB)
• Is another excellent trait of
the Filipino
• They are grateful to those
who have given them
favors or who are good to
them.
• Their high sense of
gratitude is expressed in
the phrase ―UTANG NA
LOOB‖ or (debt of honor).

22. COOPERATIVENESS
• They value the virtue
of helping each other
and other people.
• They cherish ancestral
trait of bayanihan
(cooperation) , which
can mean helping a
rural family move
their small hut to
another place.

23. BRAVERY
• Filipino rank among the
bravest people on earth.
They bravely resisted the
Spanish, American, and
Japanese invaders of their
native land.
• To them, courage is a
badge of manhood, and it
has been shown on
Filipino soldiers service
during battles and wars.
• Another example is the
courage to stand up for
people power revolution

24. PASSIONATELY ROMANTIC
AND ARTISTIC
• Owing to the effect of their
beautiful country, Filipinos
are passionately romantic
and artistic.
• They are dedicated and in
love as they are fierce in
battle.
• They are also born
musicians, singers, artist and
poets.

25. INTELLIGENT
• According to David P.
Barrows an American
educator, Filipinos
have quick perception,
retentive memory,
aptitude and
extraordinary docility
making them most
teachable person.

26. ADAPTABILITY, ENDURANCE AND
RESILIENCY
• Throughout the ages, they
have been lashed by all kinds
of sufferings like: invasions,
revolts, was, earthquakes,
typhoons , volcanic eruptions
and epidemics.
• Against the winds of
adversities which regularly
visits their land, they simply
bend, but never break, for
they have durability of the
narra tree and resiliency of
the bamboo.

27. DEEP SPIRITUAL YEARNING
AND GIFT OF FAITH
• According to Jesuit
historian Horacio de la
Costa, ―God gave the
Filipinos 2 gifts: ―THE GIFT
OF FAITH, and THE GIFT
OF MUSIC‖
• Filipinos tend to take their
spiritual obligations with
utmost devotion and
faithfulness—whatever
their religion may be.

28. RACIAL AND CULTURE DIVERSITIES
• The Philippines is
strategically located to be
populated by many races
and to be open to
different cultures from
East and West.
• Filipinos are a virtual
blend of many races. That
is why Filipinos displayed a
remarkable adaptability
resulting in a many sided
culture heritage.

29. FILIPINO NATIONALISM
and its BARRIERS
• The emergence of Filipino nationalism came as the
end of a long process set in motion by Spanish misrule
and exploitation, hastened by the political and
economic developments in the Philippines and Europe.
• The insular mountainous character of the Philippine
geography limited social contact and communication.
The dismal state of transportation and communication
facilities rendered these as natural barriers to develop
our nationalism and limits our national consciousness.

30. QUEST FOR NATIONALISM
• The Filipino quest for
independence continued
until 1935 when the United
States promised to withdraw
on a definite date.
• During this period, Filipino
efforts were largely
channeled into a
constitutional struggle, but
note should be taken of the
militant spirit which tried to
kindle the nationalist
movement into armed
revolt.

31. RIZAL’S VISION

32. • As gospels of Philippine nationalism, Rizal's novels convey
the essence of his nationalism that was to resound in the
hearts of the people.
• He identified this essence in his letters as his aspiration to
alleviate the sufferings of the masses, to make men worthy,
to avenge one day the many victims of cruelty and
injustice, to erect a monument to the native tongue and to
educate his people.
• In the two novels, the essence of Rizal's nationalism is best
understood through the keen study of the characters.
Through their dialogue and actions, in their ideas and
ideals, or in the lack of these are seen Rizal's range of vision,
his concept of love of country, his appeal for reforms, his
attitude towards the friars, and his views on the weaknesses
of the Filipinos.

33. ECONOMIC and CONSTITUTIONAL
NATIONALISM OF THE FILIPINOS
• In the context of constitutional reform, the development of the
country necessitates a more positive definition of economic
nationalism.
• It is evident that our economic policy has longed emphasized
economic nationalism. Based on our laws, our strand of
economic nationalism emphasizes the fear of exploitation by
foreigners. In fact, from the time of Quezon until present we
have adopted a system of laws, starting with our Constitution,
reserving to the state the role of providing cover and
protection for the Filipino, defining his exclusive rights over
others.

34. TEN ECONOMIC COMMANDMENTS
BY CHRISTIAN ALCANTARA
1. THOUGH SHALL NOT SABOTAGE THINE OWN PRODUCTS
2. ENJOY WHAT YOU ARE AND WHAT YOU HAVE , NO MATTER HOW
HUMBLE MAY BE
3. CULTIVATE THE FEELING OF BELONGINGNESS TO YOUR COUNTRY.
4. LOVE YOUR COUNTRY IN THOUGHTS, WORDS AND ACTIONS.
5. SACRIFICE EVEN LIFE ITSELF FOR YOUR BELOVED FATHERLAND AT
DEATH PREFERABLE TO ECONOMIC SLAVERY.
6. CONCENTRATE ON INDUSTRIALIZATION FOR PROGRESS.
7. LEARN FROM PAST MISTAKE.
8. DEPEND ON YOURSELF FOR YOUR OWN ECONOMIC SALVATION.
9. ASSERT YOUR ECONOMIC FREEDOM TO GAIN ECONOMIC LIBERTY.
10. CORE YOUR EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM TO NATIONALISM.

35. RELIGIOUS NATIONALISM
• The Spanish Friars were the
crucial elements in the
Westernizing the Philippine
Archipelago, and in
spreading the Christian faith
in this part of the world.
• The apostolic zeal of the
missionaries followed up the
efforts of men like Miguel
López de Legazpi, and
aided to consolidate the
enterprise of hispanizing the
Philippines

36. REFERENCES
• ―Foundations of Education‖ by:
Francisco M. Zulueta and Elda Maglaya
• www.Wikipedia.com
• Images at www.google.com
• ―History of The Philippines‖ @ http:philhistory.com