คณะกรรมการบริหาร
คำว่า Board of Directors หรือที่นิยมเรียกย่อ ๆ ว่า Board หมายถึง คณะกรรมการบริหาร หรือเรียกทับศัพท์ว่า บอร์ด
ในบริษัทเอกชน จะมีการใช้หรือการกำหนด ต่างจากหน่วยงานของรัฐหรือรัฐวิสาหกิจ หรือหน่วยงานที่ไม่แสวงหากำไร
หรือแม้แต่ต่างประเทศเอง คำเดียวกัน ก็อาจจะใช้ในความหมายที่ต่างกัน เช่นในอเมริกา กับบางประเทศในยุโรป หรือในเอเชีย ที่ต้องดูคำขยายความเพิ่มเติม ถึงหน้าที่ของคณะกรรมการชุดนั้น ๆ หรือดูจากโครงสร้างองค์กรประกอบ
คณะกรรมการบริหาร (Board of Directors)
คือกลุ่มบุคคลที่มาจากการเลือกตั้งหรือได้รับการแต่งตั้ง เพื่อร่วมกันดูแลกิจกรรมของบริษัทหรือองค์กร
ชื่ออื่น ๆ ได้แก่ คณะกรรมการปกครอง คณะกรรมการผู้จัดการ คณะผู้สำเร็จราชการ คณะกรรมาธิการ และคณะกรรมการของผู้มาเยี่ยมเยือน (board of governors, board of managers, board of regents, board of trustees, และ board of visitors)
มักจะเรียกง่ายๆว่า คณะกรรมการ หรือ บอร์ด (the board)
Board of Directors is a body of elected or appointed members who jointly oversee the activities of a company or organization.
2. หนังสืออ้างอิง
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: Board of directors
Carter McNamara, MBA, PhD: Boards of Directors
Eileen Morgan Johnson: Board Committee Structure
Dominic Barton and Mark Wiseman: Where Boards Fall Short,
Harvard Business Review, January-February 2015
32. John Gillespie อดีตวาณิชธนกิจกล่าวไว้ว่า บอร์ดใช้เวลาของพวก
เขาในการทาเครื่องหมายถูก และปกป้องกิจกรรมที่อยู่เบื้องหลัง
การกระทา มากกว่าการตรวจสอบผู้บริหาร และให้คาแนะนา
เชิงกลยุทธ์ในนามของผู้ถือหุ้น
"Far too much of their time has been for check-the-box and
cover-your-behind activities rather than real monitoring of
executives and providing strategic advice on behalf of
shareholders".
43. How to Develop a Board Member’s Job Description
• Position: What is the job title?
• Authority: What authority does the position have?
• Responsibility: To whom is the position accountable? What are the broad areas of responsibility?
• Term: How are board members elected and for how long? How do board members leave the board?
• General Duties: What are the typical duties board members are responsible for?
• Evaluation: How will board members effectiveness be assessed?
• Review Date: When will this job description be reviewed?
• Approval Date: When was this job description last approved?
• Qualifications & Skills: What specialized or practical skills are needed to do the job? What human relation skills
(e.g. communication, problem solving) are needed?
• Benefits: What benefits can a board member expect to receive? (e.g. satisfaction of making a difference in the
community; opportunity to work with individuals of diverse backgrounds; development of effective decision-making
skills; increased understanding of group dynamics and relationships)
• Time & Financial Requirements: What is realistic estimate of the time required as a board member? What will it
cost to be a board member?
45. Oversees board and executive committee meetings
Works in partnership with the chief executive to make sure board resolutions
are carried out
Calls special meetings if necessary
Appoints all committee chairs, and with the chief executive, recommends
who will serve on committees
Assists chief executive in preparing agenda for board meetings
Assists chief executive in conducting new board member orientation
Oversees searches for a new chief executive
Coordinates chief executive's annual performance evaluation
Works with the governance committee to recruit new board members
Acts as an alternate spokesperson for the organization
Periodically consults with board members on their roles and helps them
assess their performance
47. Attend all board meetings
Serve on the executive committee if one exists
Carry out special assignments as requested by the board chair
Understand the responsibilities of the board chair and be able to
perform these duties in the chair's absence
Participate as a vital part of the board leadership
49. Attend all board meetings
Serve on the executive committee if one exists
Ensure the safety and accuracy of all board records
Review board minutes
Assume responsibilities of the chair in the absence of the board
chair, chair-elect, and vice chair
Provide notice of meetings of the board and/or of a committee
when such notice is required
51. Attend all board meetings
Maintain knowledge of the organization and personal commitment to
its goals and objectives
Serve as the chair of the finance committee
Manage, with the finance committee, the board's review of and
action related to the board's financial responsibilities
Work with the chief executive and the chief financial officer to
ensure that appropriate financial reports are made available to the
board on a timely basis
Present the annual budget to the board for approval
Review the annual audit and answer board members' questions about
the audit
52. ตัวอย่างรายละเอียดการทางาน ประธาน (President / Chair / Chief Voluntary Officer)
General: Ensures the effective action of the board in governing and supporting the organization, and
oversees board affairs. Acts as the representative of the board as a whole, rather than as an
individual supervisor to staff.
Community: Speaks to the media and the community on behalf of the organization (as does the
executive director); represents the agency in the community.
Meetings: Develops agendas for meetings in concert with the executive director. Presides at board
meetings.
Committees: Recommends to the board which committees are to be established. Seeks volunteers
for committees and coordinates individual board member assignments. Makes sure each committee
has a chairperson, and stays in touch with chairpersons to be sure that their work is carried out;
identifies committee recommendations that should be presented to the full board. Determines
whether executive committee meetings are necessary and convenes the committee accordingly.
Executive Director: Establishes search and selection committee (usually acts as chair) for hiring an
executive director. Convenes board discussions on evaluating the executive director and negotiating
compensation and benefits package; conveys information to the executive director.
Board Affairs: Ensures that board matters are handled properly, including preparation of pre-meeting
materials, committee functioning, and recruitment and orientation of new board members.
53. ตัวอย่างรายละเอียดการทางาน รองประธาน (Vice President / Vice
Chair)
General: Acts as the president/chair in his or her absence;
assists the president/chair on the above or other specified
duties.
Special Responsibilities: Frequently assigned to a special area of
responsibility, such as membership, media, annual dinner,
facility, or personnel.
Some organizations choose to make the vice president, explicitly
or implicitly, the president-elect.
54. ตัวอย่างรายละเอียดการทางาน เหรัญญิก (Treasurer)
General: Manages the board's review of, and action related to, the board's
financial responsibilities. May work directly with the bookkeeper or other staff in
developing and implementing financial procedures and systems.
Reports: Ensures that appropriate financial reports are made available to the board.
Regularly reports to board on key financial events, trends, concerns, and
assessment of fiscal health.
Finance Committee: Chairs the Finance Committee and prepares agendas for
meetings, including a year-long calendar of issues. In larger organizations, a
separate Audit Committee may be chaired by a different person.
Auditor: Recommends to the board whether the organization should have an audit.
If so, selects and meets annually with the auditor in conjunction with the Finance
and/or Audit Committees.
Cash Management and Investments: Ensures, through the Finance Committee,
sound management and maximization of cash and investments.