Relations and modes of address

2. When it comes ttoo rreellaattiioonnss AArraabb ssoocciieettyy iiss
ddiissttiinnccttiivvee ffrroomm AAmmeerriiccaann ssoocciieettyy..
IInn tthhee AArraabb ssoocciieettyy,, rreellaattiivveess sshhaarree nnaammeess
tthhaatt sshhooww tthheeiirr bbeelloonnggiinngg ttoo eeaacchh ootthheerr bbyy
tthhee ttiieess ooff ::
AAiillaahh ffaammiillyy
AAsshhiirraahh ttrriibbee
HHoommuullaa ccllaann

3. Arabs names follow this order :
TThhee ppeerrssoonn
nnaammee
PPeerrssoonn’’ss
ffaatthheerr’’ss
nnaammee
FFaatthheerr’’ss
ffaatthheerr’’ss
nnaammee
FFaammiillyy
nnaammee
First
name
Secon
d
name
Third
name
Last
name

4. The phenomenon of relationships is sensitive and
complicated and any mistranslating will give a
different image about the society.
EExxaammppllee::
Cousin eight different references in Arabic
Uncle maternal and paternal uncle
Aunt maternal and paternal aunt

5. Tow types of relations come to our minds the
blood relations which are the strongest
followed by marriage relations .
According to Anne Fuller “ the blood bond is the
significant kinship factor. The closer the blood
ties, the greater the sense of identity between
persons , since they partake most closely of the
same essence”

6. Tribe
This word has a stereotypical image in the
mind of western readers and this is what
Is known as domestication.

7. Concepts like tribe or clan refer to many social
structures and ideologies like:
 blood relations that bear a very high
significance in tying people together .
 unifying terms that bring people together.
 patriarchy is a very important force that
belongs to this social system.
People who are not part of the tribe or clan
considered as strangers.

8. The terms am and khal
These terms are used as a respectful
term of address used by a younger
person to address an older one , or it
can also be used to refer to paternal
uncle or a maternal uncle it also refer to
father in law.

10. The way people address each other and the
respectful honorific titles they give to each other .
Some kinship terms are used outside their kinship
context as social terms of address as a way of
respect like abu / um
Terms of address and titles serve social and
political purposes. They also show degree of
intimacy and solidarity among people.

11. Using religious terms is one of the
prominent features in Arabic mode of
address these terms might be ironically
and sarcastically used and even used for
purposes of insulting the addressee or to
whom the title is given.
 ya sahiba l- jalalh
Ya tawil al-umr
Tal umrak

12. Deleting some terms in translation or replacing them with terms
deeply rooted in the target culture will cause a considerable
amount of loss at various levels.
 The type of relations that hold between people will distorted.
The social structure and the etiquettes of communication will
be removed from the reality and the state of affairs of that
culture.
The emotive meanings and overtones associated with such
terms will be sacrificed.
Their functions might not be maintained if they are not
appropriately dealt with.