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Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Dr Matthew Rowe Research Associate, Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, UK http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe @mattroweshow
Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Why do we need semantics? ,[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Information about  an entity (Person)
Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Name
Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Name Email
Initial Semantic Web Vision Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data ,[object Object],[object Object],From [Berners-Lee et al, 2001]
Initial Semantic Web Vision Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data ,[object Object]
Initial Semantic Web Vision Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data ,[object Object]
Initial Semantic Web Vision Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data ,[object Object]
Initial Semantic Web Vision Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Semantic Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
A Modern Semantic Web Use Case ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data We will revisit this use case later
Enable Understanding ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Semantic technologies ,[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Data, Information, Knowledge and Wisdom ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Representing Knowledge ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Metadata Models: XML ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
XML Example: Twitter API Response What is a user? Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Metadata Models: XML Schema & Namespaces ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
XML Schema Example xmlns:yt=“http://gdata.youtube.com/schemas/2007” Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Metadata Models: RDF ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Metadata Models: RDF ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],<http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Metadata Models: RDF ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Metadata Models: RDF <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person>   <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#me> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#591280907> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Metadata Models: RDF ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Metadata Models: RDF <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person>   <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#me> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#591280907> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://sws.geonames.org/2643743> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/based_near> Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Metadata Models: RDF <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person>   <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#me> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#591280907> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://sws.geonames.org/2643743> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/based_near> Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Metadata Models: RDF <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person>   <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#me> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#591280907> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://sws.geonames.org/2643743> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/based_near> <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#name> “ London” Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Metadata Models: RDF <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person>   <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#me> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#591280907> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://sws.geonames.org/2643743> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/based_near> <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#name> “ London” Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data The ‘Graph’ is the power and utility of RDF
Metadata Models: RDF ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],<http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#me> ?person <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> “ Matthew Rowe” <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Metadata Models: RDF ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],foaf:Person <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#me> rdf:type <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#591280907> foaf:knows Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Metadata Models: Serializing RDF ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Metadata Models: Serializing RDF ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Metadata Models: RDFa ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Metadata Models: RDFa ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Metadata Models: RDFa ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Outer Div element is the foaf:Person blank node (i.e. no URI)
Metadata Models: RDFa ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Outer Div element is the foaf:Person blank node (i.e. no URI) It is typed explicitly
Metadata Models: RDFa ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Outer Div element is the foaf:Person blank node (i.e. no URI) It is typed explicitly The instance is assigned properties and property values
Metadata Models: RDFa ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Ontologies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Ontologies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Example Ontology: FOAF ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Ontologies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Querying Semantic Data: SPARQL Prolog SELECT Clause WHERE Clause http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/   Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Querying Semantic Data: SPARQL Give me all person names Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Querying Semantic Data: SPARQL ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Get me the names and email addresses of all people that this person knows Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Inference over Semantic Data ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Antecedent: premises that  must hold and be true Consequent: conclusion  drawn from the antecedent Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Inference over Semantic Data ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
ics in the wild ,[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Ontologies: SIOC ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://sioc-project.org/   Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Ontologies: Good Relations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data http://purl.org/goodrelations
Vocabularies: Microformats ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Vocabularies: Microformats ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Review Info Cooking Time Nutritional Info
HTML 5 & Microdata ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
HTML 5 & Microdata ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
RDFa ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Enhanced Products: Best Buy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Enhanced Products: Best Buy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Enhanced Search ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Yahoo! Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Yahoo! Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Concepts associated with the Entity
Yahoo! Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Consuming Facebook’s RDFa!
Google Rich Snippets Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Review Info Price Info
Google Rich Snippets Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Filter by attribute Review Info Preparation Time
Bing Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data http://onlinehelp.microsoft.com/en-us/bing/hh207238.aspx   Review, price and  Offer info
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Enhanced User Profiles: Facebook Open Graph Protocol Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Enhanced User Profiles: Facebook Open Graph Protocol Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
Redux: A Modern Semantic Web Use Case ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data We can now do this! 2 years ago this was not possible
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
[object Object],Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Dr Matthew Rowe Research Associate, Knowledge Media Institute,  The Open University, UK http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe @mattroweshow

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Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data

  • 1. Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Dr Matthew Rowe Research Associate, Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, UK http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe @mattroweshow
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  • 6. Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Information about an entity (Person)
  • 8. Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Name Email
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  • 21. XML Example: Twitter API Response What is a user? Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
  • 22.
  • 23. XML Schema Example xmlns:yt=“http://gdata.youtube.com/schemas/2007” Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
  • 24.
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  • 27. Metadata Models: RDF <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#me> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#591280907> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
  • 28.
  • 29. Metadata Models: RDF <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#me> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#591280907> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://sws.geonames.org/2643743> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/based_near> Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
  • 30. Metadata Models: RDF <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#me> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#591280907> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://sws.geonames.org/2643743> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/based_near> Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
  • 31. Metadata Models: RDF <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#me> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#591280907> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://sws.geonames.org/2643743> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/based_near> <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#name> “ London” Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
  • 32. Metadata Models: RDF <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#me> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/rowe/foaf.rdf#591280907> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://sws.geonames.org/2643743> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/based_near> <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#name> “ London” Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data The ‘Graph’ is the power and utility of RDF
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  • 63. Yahoo! Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
  • 64. Yahoo! Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Concepts associated with the Entity
  • 65. Yahoo! Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Consuming Facebook’s RDFa!
  • 66. Google Rich Snippets Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Review Info Price Info
  • 67. Google Rich Snippets Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data Filter by attribute Review Info Preparation Time
  • 68. Bing Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data http://onlinehelp.microsoft.com/en-us/bing/hh207238.aspx Review, price and Offer info
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  • 70. Enhanced User Profiles: Facebook Open Graph Protocol Semantic Technologies: Representing Semantic Data
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Notes de l'éditeur

  1. Tower of Babel From the book of Genesis
  2. The predicate and object each refer to ontology concepts We will define ontologies later
  3. Utilise the structure of the document to: Create a &lt;div&gt; element and type it as a person Assign properties to the resource
  4. Utilise the structure of the document to: Create a &lt;div&gt; element and type it as a person Assign properties to the resource
  5. Utilise the structure of the document to: Create a &lt;div&gt; element and type it as a person Assign properties to the resource
  6. Utilise the structure of the document to: Create a &lt;div&gt; element and type it as a person Assign properties to the resource
  7. Query matches the triple patterns which contain foaf:name as the predicate, returning all names that are defined as the object of the pattern
  8. Query matches the triple patterns which contain foaf:name as the predicate, returning all names that are defined as the object of the pattern
  9. Enhances product recommendation