This is a part of the slide set used at the MakerSpace Noida (India) launch event, Pi Maker Workshop. This slide set is designed to help people get started with the Raspberry Pi and also serves as a collection of innovative projects and some core basic concepts that can aid anybody with their first few steps into the world of DIY electronics or maybe serve as a refresher for the experienced. Feel free to refer and share but please don't alter the watermarks :)

1. Pi Maker
Workshop
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2.Accessing the Pi
http://www.inventrom.com/http://www.robotechlabs.com/
Mayank Joneja
botmayank.wordpress.com
botmayank@gmail.com

2. Mayank Joneja
Operating Systems
 Many OSs (linux variants)
 Most common one is Raspbian “wheezy”
 Raspbian is a free operating system based on Debian and optimized for
the Raspberry Pi hardware
 Other possible OS include: Arch Linux, ARCOs, RiscOS, Bodhi Linux ports
etc
 Media Center operating Systems based on XBMC include Raspbmc,
OpenELEC as well
 Android is supported for the Raspberry Pi, however given the limited
hardware specs, it works really slowly.
 Source code: https://github.com/Razdroid/userland
 Wiki: https://razdroid.net/
 No Windows support (:P)

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Popular Variants for the Raspberry Pi
http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/7-operating-
systems-you-can-run-with-raspberry-pi/

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OS Structure
 Hardware does the actual computing
 To interact with hardware the instructions need to
be translated to 1’s and 0’s (Punch cards in the
good ol’ days anyone? )
 The Kernel converts the High level instructions to
Low level ones i.e assembly level language (eg.
MV AX, BX)
 Shell is used to command the kernel to do a
particular task

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 The application layer is available to us in the form of the Graphical User Interface
(GUI)
 Sits on the top of the chain
 Converts graphical inputs into shell commands
 Many times the least important for developers
 There is always a shell command for every GUI action but the converse is not true.
Eg.
Ifconfig, ping

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NOOBS-New Out of the Box Setup
 NOOBS is a way to make setting up the RasPi for the first time much easier
 You won’t need network access and you won’t need to download any special imaging
software
 Just head to the http://www,raspberrypi.org/downloads page, grab a copy of the NOOBS
zip file, and unpack it onto a freshly formatted SD Card
 When you boot up for the first time, you’ll see a menu prompting you to install one of the
several operating systems into the free space on the card
 The choice means you can boot the Pi with a regular operating system like Raspbian or
with a media centre specific OS like RaspBMC
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TyFDaMpdh2c&list
=TLiwsXqzVYEWQk6pVkT9xd8eN0tq10H7ps
Geek Gurl Diaries on
YouTube

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SSH
 Secure Shell (SSH) is a network protocol used for
 Secure data communication
 Remote command-line login
 Remote command execution
 It is done via a secure channel over an insecure network
 Needs a server and a client (running SSH server and SSH
client programs respectively)

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PuTTY
 One of the most popular SSH clients, also the one that we
use
 Free and open source terminal emulator
 Serial console and network file transfer application
 It supports several network protocols, including SCP, SSH,
Telnet and rlogin
 Link to download PuTTY:
http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/downl
oad.html
 Sessions

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Advanced IP Scanner
 Install an IP Scanner
 Need to know the IP for accessing
the Pi via PuTTY
 Enter the correct IP address of the Pi
assigned to your team in PuTTY

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Login to the Pi
Username: pi
Password: raspberry

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Command Line Interface
 Gives better access over hardware
to do all the awesome things you
want
 Is more prominently used in Linux
through Terminal, however
Command Line Access is available
in almost all devices through some
form of a console, even smart TVs
 On windows machines, one can
access it by going to
Start->Run->cmd

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Popular UNIX commands
 sudo date or date : Displays the current date and time
 startx : Launches the GUI (X server)
 [ctrl+c] : breaks the script
 hostname –l : Displays your IP address
 free : Shows how much memory space is available
 ls : Shows list of files in that directory (or folder in Windows)
 cat filename : Shows content of file “filename”
 rm filename : Remove or delete the file (Please don’t try this right now :D)
 sudo mkdir directoryname : Create a new directory

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 cd directory name : change directory eg. cd /boot ( in UNIX, ‘.’ refers to current
dir, ‘..’ refers to prev dir, therefore, to go one level up, “cd ..”
 cd : parent directory
 nano filename : Opens file in “nano”, a Linux command line editor that opens up
inside the PuTTY window or the Terminal itself
 * : wildcard, eg. ls d*
 sudo apt-get update : Downloads the package lists from the repositories and
“updates” them to get information on the newest version of packages and their
dependencies.
 sudo apt-get upgrade : Downloads the actual new versions of the packages
based on the lists fetched by the previous command.

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Yeh Sudo Sudo kya hai?
 sudo is an abbreviation of “super user do” and is a Linux command
that allows programs to be executed as a super user (aka root user)
or another user. It's basically the Linux/Mac equivalent of the runas
command in Windows.
 It allows you to make changes that affect the complete system and
not just one user
 Some programs or commands require root access, or do not work
until they are preceded by “sudo”
 It’s the equivalent of Run as Administrator on Windows

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Easter Eggs!
 An Easter egg is an intentional inside joke, hidden message,
or feature in a work such as a computer program
 Here are a few that are really fun as featured in a post by
Inventrom
http://inventrom.wordpress.com/2014/07/11/easter-eggs-in-
raspberry-pi/
1. sudo apt-get moo
2. sudo apt-get install sl
sl
3. sudo apt-get install vim
vim
:help 42

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4. sudo apt-get install emacs
emacs
[Esc]+[x]
doctor
tetris
life
5. sudo apt-get install cowsay
cowsay –f stegosaurus “Mooah”
6. sudo apt-get install fortune
fortune | cowsay
fortune | cowsay –f tux
7. sudo apt-get install telnet

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File access through Samba
 Back in the 1990s, Microsoft developed a protocol that allows one Windows machine to
access the files and folders on another Windows machine.
 The protocol, which is known as the Common Internet File System (CIFS) – but
was originally called Server Message Block (SMB), has been implemented on other
operating systems including Linux.
 The most popular implementation is known as Samba and it allows devices like the
Raspberry Pi to act as a CIFS file server. To put it another way, it allows a Windows PC to
mount a folder on a Raspberry Pi and then copy, delete, read and write files on the it.

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File access through Samba
 sudo apt-get install samba samba-common-bin
 sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf
 Find the line “# security = user” and UNCOMMENT it (remove the hash)
 Scroll down to the [Homes] section and change read only = yes to read only = no
 [Ctrl+X] to leave the nano editor and then [Y] to confirm that the file should be saved,
then press [Enter]
 sudo service samba restart
 sudo service samba reload
 sudo smbpasswd –a pi

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 You can now connect to your Raspberry Pi from a Windows machine. Open the
“Computer” window (on Windows 7 ) or “This PC” (on Windows 8) and click the “Map
Network Drive” button on the toolbar (Windows 7) or click the “Map Network Drive” button
under “Computer” (on Windows 8 ).
 In the Map Network Drive dialog, select and unused drive letter from the “Drive:” drop-
down list and enter raspberrypipi in the “Folder:” field. Check “Connect using different
credentials” and click “Finish”.
 Enter pi in the Username field when you are asked to enter the network credentials. Enter
the password you set previously in the password field and click OK.

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 Once connected, you can access
the files on the Pi like any other
directory on your harddisk
http://www.maketecheasier.com/
turn-raspberry-pi-into-file-server/

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Virtual Network Computing (VNC)
 In computing, Virtual Network Computing (VNC) is a graphical
desktop sharing system
 Uses the Remote Frame Buffer protocol (RFB) to remotely control
another computer
 Transmits the keyboard and mouse events from one computer to
another relaying the graphical screen updates back in the other
direction over a network

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TightVNC
 Tight VNC is a free remote control
software package
 sudo apt-get install tightvncserver
 tightvncserver (configure password)
 vncserver :1 –geometry 1024x768 –
depth 24
(Starts a session on VNC display zero
(:1) with full HD resolution

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Accessing the VNC Server
 On Windows:
 Run VNC Viewer
 Enter IP Address:session eg. 192.168.1.4:1
 Over Android
 Download Juice SSH ( similar to PuTTY) for command line access
 Download VNC Viewer (by RealVNC Limited) or some similar app
 Over iOS
 Download VNC Client app
 For Chrome
 VNC Viewer for Google Chrome extension by RealVNC

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OMXPlayer
 OMXPlayer is a commandline OMX player to play videos and audio for the
Raspberry PI.
It was developed as a testbed for the XBMC Raspberry PI implementation and is
quite handy to use standalone.
 http://omxplayer.sconde.net/
 sudo apt-get update
 sudo apt-get -y install omxplayer
 To play a video: omxplayer myvideo.mp4
 omxplayer –o hdmi myvideo.mp4 to force the audio over the HDMI interface

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OMXPlayer Commands

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Troubleshoot: No sound over HDMI
 cd /boot
 sudo nano config.txt
 hdmi_drive=2 should be uncommented for the sound to run
through the HDMI

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RasPi Dynamic Bike Headlight
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nfk1-XMASrk

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Linux Commands List

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