DLP: a Web-based Facility for Exploration and Basic Modification of Ontologies by Domain Experts

DLP: a Web-based Facility for
Exploration and Basic Modification of
Ontologies by Domain Experts
Luca Mazzola and Patrick Kapahnke
German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Saarbrücken, Germany
iiWAS conference 2017– Salzburg
05/Dec/2017iiWAS 2017 , Luca Mazzola

• Context
• Needs
• Functions offered
• DLP architecture
• Examples and Limits
• Conclusions
Agenda

• SOA
• Ontology editing
• WebApp RESTful
• Industry 4.0 Manufacturing Domain
Context

• Support Domain experts for:
• conceiving
• analyzing
• extending
• merging
ontologies, even if not familiar with semantic
technologies
• Integrated environment for these tasks
• Not a general solution: specific tool for the needs
of a H2020 research project (CREMA)…
Needs for DLP

Functions offered by DLP
• Creation of profile by sub-setting the public semantic
data sources (set of ontologies)
• Addition and removal of concepts/instances into a
domain expert profile
• Navigation of the semantic concept context with an
iterative exploration limited to a selectable radius,
without relying on any semantic format expertise
• Intuitive representation of similarity for given
concept/instance, by structural information, weighted
by their meaning

Architecture - Infrastructure
D
Apache Jena
Fuseki2
CDM-Core
DOCKER container
9001
3030
9002
80

Architecture – RESTful APIs
• Includes sparse CRUD
(Create, Read, Update,
Delete) operations at
the level of :
• ontology
• user profile and its
metadata,
• operations to
provide search
functionality over
concepts and
instances

Delocalized ontology development process, run directly
by domain experts; ontology engineer intervention
required only for consolidation or in case of problems.
DLP usage in CREMA

Screenshots: navigation
• Graphical exploration of an ontology extract (named
graph -> center concept -> radius)
• Concept “similarity” for the representation center

Screenshots: similarity
• Limited to owl:equivalentClass, rdfs:subClassOf,
rdfs:type, and owl:restriction
• Predefined weights: equivalent [1.0], children [0.9],
parents [0.8], instances [0.7] and connection with
complex concepts in the concept taxonomy [0.5]

Screenshots: profile
• Based on metadata (Dublin Core initiative), useful also
to maintain track of the contributor and the provided
contribution.
• Provide a working space for the domain experts, to
test modifications in a isolated environment.
• Allows local modification, affecting the public semantic
data source only for the relevant part, when released.

Representational capabilities

Limits
• DLP is not a distributed environment and does not
support session management and versioning
• DLP does not prevent dirty writes, if a user
overrides the public ontology starting from an
outdated local profile.
• DLP does not automatically support a merge of the
local contribution into the new ontology version, if a
user modified its local profile without committing it
back.

Conclusions
• DLP is a demonstrator tool to partially solve the
issue of semantic data source editing by non-experts
• DLP allows to work on a selected subpart of the
source relying on a user copy (profile), useful for
supporting the evolution, adaptation or extension of
a partially defined ontology
• DLP supports a simple but still informative and
immediate graphical view of an ontology part
• DLP supports the computation of an initial similarity
function with user-selected weights
• DLP uses a simplified metadata-based approach for
minimal collaborative distributed ontology evolution

Resources
Mazzola, L., Kapahnke, P., Vujic, M., & Klusch, M. (2016). CDM-Core: A Manufacturing
Domain Ontology in OWL2 for Production and Maintenance. In KEOD (pp. 136-143).
Mazzola, L., Kapahnke, P., Waibel, P., Hochreiner, C., & Klusch, M. (2017). FCE4BPMN: On-
demand QoS-based optimised process model execution in the cloud. In Proceedings of
the 23rd ICE/IEEE ITMC Conference. IEEE.
Mazzola L., Kapahnke P., Klusch M. (2017) ODERU: Optimisation of Semantic Service-
Based Processes in Manufacturing. In: Różewski P., Lange C. (eds) Knowledge Engineering
and Semantic Web. KESW 2017. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol.
786. Springer, Cham
Mazzola L., Kapahnke P., Klusch M. (2017). Pattern-Based Semantic Composition of
Optimal Process Service Plans with ODERU. In Proceedings of The 19th Int. Conference on
Information Integration and Web-based Applications & Services, Salzburg, Austria, December
4–6, 2017 (iiWAS ’17), 10 pages. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3151759.3151773
Mazzola L., and Kapahnke P. (2017). DLP: a Web-based Facility for Exploration and Basic
Modification of Ontologies by Domain Experts. In Proceedings of The 19th Int. Conference
on Information Integration and Web-based Applications & Services, Salzburg, Austria,
December 4–6, 2017 (iiWAS ’17), 5 pages. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3151759.3151816

THANKS FOR THE ATTENTION
QUESTIONS?
LUCA.MAZZOLA@DFKI.DE
MAZZOLA.LUCA@GMAIL.COM
http://www.crema-project.eu
H2020-RIA agreement 637066
https://www.linkedin.com/in/mazzolaluca/
The ODERU code can be found at:
https://sw-dlp.sourceforge.io/

DLP: a Web-based Facility for Exploration and Basic Modification of Ontologies by Domain Experts

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DLP: a Web-based Facility for Exploration and Basic Modification of Ontologies by Domain Experts