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Application of the 3D Multi User Virtual Environment of Second Life™ to Emergency Evacuation Simulation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Presented at:
Introduction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Prior Research on Evacuations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Limitations of live evacuation drills ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Factors affecting human behavior ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How evacuation trials in Second Life may help ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Survey One ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pre-Trial Survey Responses Gender  M:F 64%:36 % Age  18-25; 26-35; >35 54%; 36%; 10% Aware of safety procedures in workplace? 67% Yes; 33% No Ever been trained for safety procedures before? 72% Yes; 28% No  Do you know where an emergency exit at your workplace or university is? 95% Yes; 5% No How regularly have safety procedures training? 33% biannually; 46% annually;   3% once in 6 months ;  18% never Experienced a fire alarm in the building? 44% Yes; 56% No Feel prepared for an emergency situation? 56% Yes; 44% No If not, what would make you more confident? 32% Practical training  ;  5% Video training  ;  27% Real experience ;  36% Virtual training Think that computers and virtual worlds could be an useful tool for such emergency training? 64% Yes ;  6% No ;  30% Don’t know Have you ever heard of the virtual world of Second Life? 15%Yes have used SL ;  45% Yes but have never used SL ;  40% No;
Design of Evacuation Trials ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Model of Building B in progress
Building B
Building B
Building B – fire and smoke
Two Trials  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Trial 1 – routes taken
Trial 2 – routes taken
Participants who were familiar with video games had less trouble with moving  the avatar initially. In the second trial participants reported more control  of the avatar, but it was more difficult to find the exit from the start location. Nr. Factor 1:  Factor 2:  Trial 1 (sec) Trial 2 (seconds) 6 KB Use 17.88 28.48 9 KB N/SL 38.72 112.38 10 KB N/SL 85.85 77.87 11 Not  N/SL 18.06 41.20 13 Not N/SL 220.00 101.69 14 Not N/SL 28.04 159.32 15 Not N/SL 30.77 160.00 20 Not N/SL 36.3 80.47 Average of those that know the building 34.16 66.18 Average of those that do not know the building 51.87 102.57 Average for those already using SL 25.83 52.17 Average for those new to SL 50.37 97.84
Survey Two  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Post-Trial Survey Responses 1 Did you find the exit successfully? 63% -Yes no problem; 42% - some problems; 5% -No 2 How do you like/perform in this trial? 32% -Very much ;  68% -Liked it 0% -Didn’t like it ;  0% -Don’t know 3 Was it a realistic experience for you? 53% -Yes ;  16% -No; 31% -I don’t know 4 How long have you used Second Life? 74% -First time; 26% -For 3-12 months  0%  -For 1-3 years ;  0% -Over 3 years 5 Have you seen Building-B before? 47% -Yes; 53% -No  7 What were the weaknesses (found lacking) for this simulation? (Select all that apply.)  Selected by (#) of respondents. a) Realness (9)  b) Crowded situation  (9) c) Fire hot environment (3) d) Panic scenario (7) e) Not able to simulate lack of air and visibility (3) 9 Would you like to test or experience more safety procedure simulations in Second Life? 53% - Yes, sure; 32% - Probably yes  15% - Maybe, but some improvements are needed ; 0% - No, probably not; 0% - Surely not
How do the trials in SL address some of the limitations of live trials? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Concluding Remarks ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Further research ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Hawaii International Conference on System Science - Chabada&Molka-Danielsen

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  • 8. Pre-Trial Survey Responses Gender M:F 64%:36 % Age 18-25; 26-35; >35 54%; 36%; 10% Aware of safety procedures in workplace? 67% Yes; 33% No Ever been trained for safety procedures before? 72% Yes; 28% No Do you know where an emergency exit at your workplace or university is? 95% Yes; 5% No How regularly have safety procedures training? 33% biannually; 46% annually; 3% once in 6 months ; 18% never Experienced a fire alarm in the building? 44% Yes; 56% No Feel prepared for an emergency situation? 56% Yes; 44% No If not, what would make you more confident? 32% Practical training ; 5% Video training ; 27% Real experience ; 36% Virtual training Think that computers and virtual worlds could be an useful tool for such emergency training? 64% Yes ; 6% No ; 30% Don’t know Have you ever heard of the virtual world of Second Life? 15%Yes have used SL ; 45% Yes but have never used SL ; 40% No;
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  • 10. Model of Building B in progress
  • 13. Building B – fire and smoke
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  • 15. Trial 1 – routes taken
  • 16. Trial 2 – routes taken
  • 17. Participants who were familiar with video games had less trouble with moving the avatar initially. In the second trial participants reported more control of the avatar, but it was more difficult to find the exit from the start location. Nr. Factor 1: Factor 2: Trial 1 (sec) Trial 2 (seconds) 6 KB Use 17.88 28.48 9 KB N/SL 38.72 112.38 10 KB N/SL 85.85 77.87 11 Not N/SL 18.06 41.20 13 Not N/SL 220.00 101.69 14 Not N/SL 28.04 159.32 15 Not N/SL 30.77 160.00 20 Not N/SL 36.3 80.47 Average of those that know the building 34.16 66.18 Average of those that do not know the building 51.87 102.57 Average for those already using SL 25.83 52.17 Average for those new to SL 50.37 97.84
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  • 19. Post-Trial Survey Responses 1 Did you find the exit successfully? 63% -Yes no problem; 42% - some problems; 5% -No 2 How do you like/perform in this trial? 32% -Very much ; 68% -Liked it 0% -Didn’t like it ; 0% -Don’t know 3 Was it a realistic experience for you? 53% -Yes ; 16% -No; 31% -I don’t know 4 How long have you used Second Life? 74% -First time; 26% -For 3-12 months 0% -For 1-3 years ; 0% -Over 3 years 5 Have you seen Building-B before? 47% -Yes; 53% -No 7 What were the weaknesses (found lacking) for this simulation? (Select all that apply.) Selected by (#) of respondents. a) Realness (9) b) Crowded situation (9) c) Fire hot environment (3) d) Panic scenario (7) e) Not able to simulate lack of air and visibility (3) 9 Would you like to test or experience more safety procedure simulations in Second Life? 53% - Yes, sure; 32% - Probably yes 15% - Maybe, but some improvements are needed ; 0% - No, probably not; 0% - Surely not
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