1. FOOD WEBS
WHAT DOES THIS DIAGRAM HOW ARE THE FOLLOWING
REPRESENT? RELATED?
• PRODUCER
• CONSUMER
• OMNIVORE, HERBIVORE,
CARNIVORE
• FOOD CHAIN
• FOOD WEB
• DECOMPOSER
• DETRITIVORE
• CARRYING CAPACITY

2. Food web in a mountain forest
• Which type of organism
is a decomposer in this
food web?
A. Earthworm
B. Grass
C. Mouse
D. Snake

3. Answer
A. Earthworm
B. Grass
C. Mouse
D. Snake

4. Food web in a field
• Which of the following
changes would
decrease the carrying
capacity of the field for
all of the populations
that live there?
A. An introduction of wild cats to the field
B. A severe decrease in rainfall, resulting in drought
C. An outbreak of an often fatal viral infection among mice
D. A thinning of the shells of owls’ eggs, resulting in fewer births

5. Answer
A. An introduction of wild cats to the field
B. A severe decrease in rainfall, resulting in
drought
C. An outbreak of an often fatal viral infection
among mice
D. A thinning of the shells of owls’ eggs,
resulting in fewer births

6. ENERGY IN ECOSYSTEMS
WHERE DO AUTOTROPHS GET
THERE ENERGY FROM? WHY IS ENERGY IMPORTANT?
• THE FLOW OF ENERGY IN A
FOOD CHAIN IS ONE
DIRECTION
• ENERGY FLOWS FROM THE
SUN OR INORGANIC
COMPOUNDS TO
AUTOTROPHS (PRODUCERS)
AND THEN TO VARIOUS
HETEROTROPHS
(CONSUMERS)
• REMOVING DECOMPOSERS
WOULD STOP THE CYCLING OF
MATTER IN NATURE.

7. Examine Food Web
• Which of the following
pairs of consumers in
this food web has the
greatest amount of
energy available for
them to consume?
a. Hawk and mountain lion
b. Rabbit and grasshopper
c. Snake and songbird
d. Trees and grass

8. Answer
a. Hawk and mountain lion
b. Rabbit and grasshopper
c. Snake and songbird
d. Trees and grass

9. Flow of energy through a food chain
and the cycling of matter in nature
• How would the absence
of decomposers most
significantly affect the
flowchart?
A. The flow of energy would be affected.
B. The dissipation of energy would be less.
C. It would stop the cycling of matter in nature.
D. The supply of nutrients for the producers would be less.

10. Answer
A. The flow of energy would be affected.
B. The dissipation of energy would be less.
C. It would stop the cycling of matter in nature.
D. The supply of nutrients for the producers
would be less.

11. ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS
WHAT ARE TROPHIC LEVELS? WHAT ARE ECOLOGICAL PYRAMID?
• THE PRODUCERS HAVE THE
HIGHEST ENERGY LEVEL
• ONLY 10% OF ENERGY IS
PASSED ON TO THE NEXT
TROPHIC LEVEL. WHY?
• WHO EATS SECOND LEVEL
CONSUMERS?
• WHO EATS PRODUCERS?
• WHAT ARE THE THREE TYPES
WHAT TYPE OF PYRAMID IS THIS?
OF ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS?

12. Different trophic levels in food chain
• Which statement about
this diagram is true?
A. The biomass at a trophic level is less than the level above it.
B. The population at a trophic level is greater than the level
below it.
C. The amount of energy available at a trophic level is less than
the level below it.
D. The organism at each trophic level belongs to a different
kingdom than the level above it.

13. Answer
A. The biomass at a trophic level is less than the
level above it.
B. The population at a trophic level is greater
than the level below it.
C. The amount of energy available at a trophic
level is less than the level below it.
D. The organism at each trophic level belongs to
a different kingdom than the level above it.

14. ENERGY FLOW
• Which of these best
explains what happens
between trophic levels
as energy moves up a
food chain?
A. Energy is transferred completely from one organism to the next.
B. Energy is transferred but some of it is lost to the environment.
C. Energy is recycled uniformly throughout.
D. Energy is produced in greater quantities.

15. Answer
A. Energy is transferred completely from one
organism to the next.
B. Energy is transferred but some of it is lost to
the environment.
C. Energy is recycled uniformly throughout.
D. Energy is produced in greater quantities.

16. Feeding Patterns Observed
• Which of the following
best explains the
difference in the
amount of available
energy in the trophic
levels of the desert
ecosystem?
A. There is less energy available in the producers because their tissues are less dense than
those at higher trophic levels.
B. There is more energy available in the second trophic level because less energy is needed
for hunting compared to the higher trophic levels.
C. There is more available energy in the birds of prey because they have greater muscle mass
for storing energy than organisms in lower trophic levels have.
D. There is less available energy in the fouth trophic level because of the loss of energy
through metaoblism in each of the lower trophic levels.

17. Answer
A. There is less energy available in the producers
because their tissues are less dense than those at
higher trophic levels.
B. There is more energy available in the second trophic
level because less energy is needed for hunting
compared to the higher trophic levels.
C. There is more available energy in the birds of prey
because they have greater muscle mass for storing
energy than organisms in lower trophic levels have.
D. There is less available energy in the fourth trophic
level because of the loss of energy through
metabolism in each of the lower trophic levels.

18. ECOLOGICAL SUCCESION
WHATS HAPPENING OVER TIME? EXPLAIN
• ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION
• PRIMARY SUCCESSION
• SECONDARY SUCCESION
• PIONEERS SPECIES

19. Ecological Succession
• A new island breaks
through the surface of
the sea near Iceland
after a long series of
volcanic eruptions.
Which of these
A. Birds organisms is most likely
B. Insects to be the first one to
C. Lichens colonize the island and
D. Flowering plants start a succession?

20. Answer
A. Birds
B. Insects
C. Lichens
D. Flowering plants

21. PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION
WHAT EQUATION IS THIS?
WHAT HAPPENS IF YOU FLIP IT? EXPLAIN HOW THIS WORKS.
HOW DO ORGANISM RELEASE ENERGY?
WHERE DOES PHOTOSYTHESIS TAKE PLACE?
WHERE DOES CELLULAR RESPIRATION TAKE PLACE?

22. Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
• Which statement
describes how
photosynthesis and
cellular respiration are
interrelated?
A. Oxygen is produced during cellular respiration
and stored during photosynthesis
B. Carbon dioxide and water released by cellular
respiration are used in photosynthesis
C. Photosynthesis releases the energy that is
stored during the process of cellular respiration
D. Glucose is used during cellular respiration to
produce food that is broken down during
photosynthesis.

23. Answer
A.Oxygen is produced during cellular respiration
and stored during photosynthesis
B. Carbon dioxide and water released by cellular
respiration are used in photosynthesis
C. Photosynthesis releases the energy that is stored
during the process of cellular respiration
D.Glucose is used during cellular respiration to
produce food that is broken down during
photosynthesis.

24. PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• How are photosynthesis
and cellular respiration
interrelated?
A. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are the same
process.
B. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration produce the
same chemical compounds.
C. Photosynthesis uses energy to produce glucose, and
cellular respiration uses glucose to generate energy.
D. Photosynthesis uses glucose to generate energy, and
cellular respiration uses energy to produce glucose.

25. Answer
A.Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are the
same process.
B. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration produce
the same chemical compounds.
C. Photosynthesis uses energy to produce
glucose, and cellular respiration uses glucose to
generate energy.
D.Photosynthesis uses glucose to generate
energy, and cellular respiration uses energy to
produce glucose

26. Cellular Respiration
• In which type of
organism does the
following chemical
process take place?
A. All bacteria
B. Plants and yeast only
C. Yeast and bacteria only
D. All organisms except some bacteria

27. Answer
A. All bacteria
B. Plants and yeast only
C. Yeast and bacteria only
D. All organisms except some bacteria

28. Photosynthesis
• Sam places a small green plant inside
a test tube and seals the test tube
inside a flask. The flask has a glass
tube sticking out of the stopper, so
he can periodically analyze the gas in
the flask. He places the flask outside
in direct sunlight, and collects and
analyses the gas in the flask during
the day and at night to compare the
amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) and
oxygen (O2). What will his analysis
most likely show?
A. During the night, the amount of both gases remain constant.
B. The amount of both gases in the flask remains constant over a 24-hr period.
C. The amount of both gases in the flask increases during the day and decreases at
night.
D. During the day, the amount of oxygen in the flask increases while the amount of
carbon dioxide decreases.

29. Answer
A. During the night, the amount of both gases
remain constant.
B. The amount of both gases in the flask remains
constant over a 24-hr period.
C. The amount of both gases in the flask increases
during the day and decreases at night.
D. During the day, the amount of oxygen in the
flask increases while the amount of carbon
dioxide decreases.

30. PHOTOSYNTHESIS
• The figure below shows an
experiment on photosynthesis.
Rebecca observed that the part of
the leaf outside the bottle showed
the presence of starch in it. The part
of the leaf inside the bottle did not
show the presence of starch. When
the same experiment was repeated
A. It absorbs carbon dioxide without potassium hydroxide (KOH)
B. It releases oxygen in the bottle, the whole leaf showed
the presence of starch. What can
C. It produces water Rebecca correctly infer about the
D. It dissolves cells potassium hydroxide?

31. ANSWER
A. It absorbs carbon dioxide
B. It releases oxygen
C. It produces water
D. It dissolves cells