Big cats and other exotic animals have similar but distinct anatomy, physiology, and healthcare needs compared to domestic cats and dogs. Preventative care is especially important for exotic species since they are very good at hiding signs of illness. A preventative care program includes annual physical exams, vaccinations, fecal exams and deworming, husbandry assessments, daily observations, safe handling and restraint techniques, anesthesia protocols tailored to each species, and postoperative monitoring and recovery support. Veterinary care for exotic species requires considering each animal's unique needs and drawing from many areas of study.