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Local Anesthetics
- 1. Local Anesthetics Dr. Hala
- 19. Conclusion Anesthetic pKa Onset Duration (with Epinephrine) in minutes Max Dose (with Epinephrine) Procaine 9.1 Slow 45 - 90 8mg/kg – 10mg/kg Lidocaine 7.9 Rapid 120 - 240 4.5mg/kg – 7mg/kg Bupivacaine 8.1 Slow 4 hours – 8 hours 2.5mg/kg – 3mg/kg Prilocaine 7.9 Medium 90 - 360 5mg/kg – 7.5mg/kg Articaine 7.8 Rapid 140 - 270 4.0mg/kg – 7mg/kg
- 21. Vasoconstrictors
- 22. Local anesthetics - vasoconstrictors Ratios Epinephrine is added to local anesthetics in extremely dilute concentrations, best expressed as a ratio of grams of drug:total cc’s of solution. Expressed numerically, a 1:1000 preparation of epinephrine would be 1 gram epi 1000 cc’s solution 1000 mg epi 1000cc’s solution = 1 mg epi 1 cc =
- 23. Local anesthetics - vasoconstrictors Therefore, a 1 : 200,000 solution of epinephrine would be = or 5 mcg epi 1 cc solution 1 gram epi 200,000 cc’s solution 1000 mg epi 200,000 cc’s solution
- 51. QUESTIONS?
Notes de l'éditeur
- This slide depicts the effect of sodium influx on overall membrane potential. By limiting influx, local anesthetics inhibit the depolarization of the membrane thereby interfering with propagation of the action potential.