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OlfaMining
COMMENT CARACT ´ERISER L’IDENTIT ´E D’UNE ODEUR ?
Moustafa Bensafi1
, Guillaume Bosc2
, Fabien De Marchi2
, Mehdi Kaytoue2
,
Roland Kotto Kombi2
, Marc Plantevit2
1
Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, France 2
Universit´e de Lyon, LIRIS CNRS, France
Motivations
L’Olfaction : un processus complexe . . .
Capacit´e `a percevoir des odeurs.
Existence de liens entre les propri´et´es
physicochimiques et les qualit´es olfactives des
mol´ecules [1,2].
QualitésOlfactives
Propriétés physicochimiques
. . . dont la compr´ehension a des enjeux en
Recherche fondamentale en neurosciences.
Industrie (agroalimentaire, parfumerie, . . .).
Sant´e (anosmie, . . .).
Comment caract´eriser et d´ecrire le lien existant entre les propri´et´es physicochimiques d’une mol´ecule et ses qualit´es olfactives ?
Mat´eriel et M´ethodes
Qualité olfactives
- fruité - citronné
- boisé - ...
- vanillé
Propriétés
physico-chimiques
- Poids moléculaire
- Volume
- Nombre d'atomes C, ...
Substances odorantes
-A138Amolécules
-A4885Apropriétés
-A146Aqualités
Dravnieks
-A263Amolécules
-A4885Apropriétés
-A30Aqualités
Boelens
-A1689Amolécules
-A1704Apropriétés
-A74Aqualités
Arctender
Fouille de redescriptions (redescription mining [3])
Principe Chercher des descriptions ou requˆetes dans cha-
cune des vues (propri´et´es et qualit´es) qui couvrent presque les
mˆemes substances odorantes.
Support (qL)
requête qL
poids>5 ET NbAtC >
2 OU NbAtH < 3
Support (qR)
requête qR
boisé OU citronné
Redescription (qL, qR): deux requˆetes d´efinies sur des
langages `a expressivit´e vari´ee (∨ , ∧, ¬, ...)
Pr´ecision : coefficient de Jaccard `a maximiser
J (qL, qR) =
|Support(qL) ∩ Support(qR)|
|Support(qL) ∪ Support(qR)|
Test statistique : avec pL =
|supp(qL)|
|O|
et pR =
|supp(qR)|
|O|
pval(qL, qR) =
|O|
k=|supp(qL)∩supp(qR)|
|O|
k
(pLpR)k(1 − pLpR)|O|−k
Algorithme : approche heuristique (beam-search)
D´ecouverte de sous-groupes (Subgroup discovery [4])
Principe Trouver et d´ecrire des sous-groupes de mol´ecules
odorantes statistiquement caract´eristiques d’une (ou plusieurs)
qualit´e(s) d’odeur.
...
Atlas
Support (sd)
Sous-groupe sd
poids>5 ET NbAtC > 2 ET NbAtH < 3
Sous-groupe : d´ecrit par une conjonction de paires
attribut-valeur, support´ee par un ensemble de mol´ecules
DESCRIPTION-PHYSICO-CHIMIQUE −→ QUALIT ´E D’ODEUR
Pr´ecision : quantifie la divergence entre la distribution des
valeurs de la projection du sous-groupe et du jeu entier sur
l’espace de mod`eles (divergence de Kullback-Leibler)
Algorithme : approche heuristique (beam-search) due `a la
taille exponentielle de l’espace de recherche (comme pour la
fouille de redescriptions)
R´esultats
r1 = (VANILLE, [19.403 ≤ MV ≤ 19.5106] OU [1.267 ≤ VE2 X ≤ 1.292] ET [11.574 ≤ MP
≤ 14.625] ET [1.511 ≤ IC3 ≤ 3.461] OU [ 3.342 ≤ VR3 X ≤ 3.342] ET [10.0 ≤
D/DTR11] ET [2.949 ≤ SPPOSLOG H2 ≤ 4.385])
Support : 18, Similarit´e : 0.7.
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
0.01 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Tps d'exécution (échelle log. (sec)) Nb Redescriptions
Jaccard %
Run Time
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1 10 100 1000
Précision
|Support| (échelle log)
95% DES MOL ´ECULES SATISFAISANT LA CONDITION SE07 > 5.86500 ET SV > 6.84200 ET
XLOGP < 1.90000 ET X0SOL < 2.29750 ET VE1 L < 1.35400 ET VE2 X < 1.33100 ET
IC3 < 3.78100 ET SV99 < 0.32250 SONT ASSOCI ´EES `A LA VANILLE
Support : 20.
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35
Temps d'exécution (sec)
Support relatif
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35
Qualité moyenne
Support relatif
Conclusion & Perspectives
Prise en compte des repr´esentations 2D et 3D des mol´ecules.
R´eduction des temps de calculs pour des langages expressifs (heuristiques, parall´elisation, . . .).
[1] K. Kaeppler and F. Mueller. Odor classification: a review of factors in influencing perception-based odor arrangements. Chemical senses, 38(3):189-209, 2013.
[2] C. Sezille and M. Bensafi. De la mol´ecule au percept. Biofutur, (346):24-26, 2013.
[3] E. Galbrun, P. Miettinen: From black and white to full color: extending redescription mining outside the Boolean world. Statistical Analysis and Data Mining 5(4): 284-303 (2012).
[4] P. K. Novak, N. Lavrac, G. I. Webb: Supervised Descriptive Rule Discovery: A Unifying Survey of Contrast Set, Emerging Pattern and Subgroup Mining. Journal of Machine Learning Research 10: 377-403 (2009)
TRAVAIL R ´EALIS ´E DANS LE CADRE DU PROJET TRANSVERSE LIRIS OLFAMINING ET DU PROJET DEFISENS MI CNRS.

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Olfamining: caractériserisation des qualités d'odeurs

  • 1. OlfaMining COMMENT CARACT ´ERISER L’IDENTIT ´E D’UNE ODEUR ? Moustafa Bensafi1 , Guillaume Bosc2 , Fabien De Marchi2 , Mehdi Kaytoue2 , Roland Kotto Kombi2 , Marc Plantevit2 1 Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, France 2 Universit´e de Lyon, LIRIS CNRS, France Motivations L’Olfaction : un processus complexe . . . Capacit´e `a percevoir des odeurs. Existence de liens entre les propri´et´es physicochimiques et les qualit´es olfactives des mol´ecules [1,2]. QualitésOlfactives Propriétés physicochimiques . . . dont la compr´ehension a des enjeux en Recherche fondamentale en neurosciences. Industrie (agroalimentaire, parfumerie, . . .). Sant´e (anosmie, . . .). Comment caract´eriser et d´ecrire le lien existant entre les propri´et´es physicochimiques d’une mol´ecule et ses qualit´es olfactives ? Mat´eriel et M´ethodes Qualité olfactives - fruité - citronné - boisé - ... - vanillé Propriétés physico-chimiques - Poids moléculaire - Volume - Nombre d'atomes C, ... Substances odorantes -A138Amolécules -A4885Apropriétés -A146Aqualités Dravnieks -A263Amolécules -A4885Apropriétés -A30Aqualités Boelens -A1689Amolécules -A1704Apropriétés -A74Aqualités Arctender Fouille de redescriptions (redescription mining [3]) Principe Chercher des descriptions ou requˆetes dans cha- cune des vues (propri´et´es et qualit´es) qui couvrent presque les mˆemes substances odorantes. Support (qL) requête qL poids>5 ET NbAtC > 2 OU NbAtH < 3 Support (qR) requête qR boisé OU citronné Redescription (qL, qR): deux requˆetes d´efinies sur des langages `a expressivit´e vari´ee (∨ , ∧, ¬, ...) Pr´ecision : coefficient de Jaccard `a maximiser J (qL, qR) = |Support(qL) ∩ Support(qR)| |Support(qL) ∪ Support(qR)| Test statistique : avec pL = |supp(qL)| |O| et pR = |supp(qR)| |O| pval(qL, qR) = |O| k=|supp(qL)∩supp(qR)| |O| k (pLpR)k(1 − pLpR)|O|−k Algorithme : approche heuristique (beam-search) D´ecouverte de sous-groupes (Subgroup discovery [4]) Principe Trouver et d´ecrire des sous-groupes de mol´ecules odorantes statistiquement caract´eristiques d’une (ou plusieurs) qualit´e(s) d’odeur. ... Atlas Support (sd) Sous-groupe sd poids>5 ET NbAtC > 2 ET NbAtH < 3 Sous-groupe : d´ecrit par une conjonction de paires attribut-valeur, support´ee par un ensemble de mol´ecules DESCRIPTION-PHYSICO-CHIMIQUE −→ QUALIT ´E D’ODEUR Pr´ecision : quantifie la divergence entre la distribution des valeurs de la projection du sous-groupe et du jeu entier sur l’espace de mod`eles (divergence de Kullback-Leibler) Algorithme : approche heuristique (beam-search) due `a la taille exponentielle de l’espace de recherche (comme pour la fouille de redescriptions) R´esultats r1 = (VANILLE, [19.403 ≤ MV ≤ 19.5106] OU [1.267 ≤ VE2 X ≤ 1.292] ET [11.574 ≤ MP ≤ 14.625] ET [1.511 ≤ IC3 ≤ 3.461] OU [ 3.342 ≤ VR3 X ≤ 3.342] ET [10.0 ≤ D/DTR11] ET [2.949 ≤ SPPOSLOG H2 ≤ 4.385]) Support : 18, Similarit´e : 0.7. 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 0.01 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Tps d'exécution (échelle log. (sec)) Nb Redescriptions Jaccard % Run Time 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1 10 100 1000 Précision |Support| (échelle log) 95% DES MOL ´ECULES SATISFAISANT LA CONDITION SE07 > 5.86500 ET SV > 6.84200 ET XLOGP < 1.90000 ET X0SOL < 2.29750 ET VE1 L < 1.35400 ET VE2 X < 1.33100 ET IC3 < 3.78100 ET SV99 < 0.32250 SONT ASSOCI ´EES `A LA VANILLE Support : 20. 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 Temps d'exécution (sec) Support relatif 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 Qualité moyenne Support relatif Conclusion & Perspectives Prise en compte des repr´esentations 2D et 3D des mol´ecules. R´eduction des temps de calculs pour des langages expressifs (heuristiques, parall´elisation, . . .). [1] K. Kaeppler and F. Mueller. Odor classification: a review of factors in influencing perception-based odor arrangements. Chemical senses, 38(3):189-209, 2013. [2] C. Sezille and M. Bensafi. De la mol´ecule au percept. Biofutur, (346):24-26, 2013. [3] E. Galbrun, P. Miettinen: From black and white to full color: extending redescription mining outside the Boolean world. Statistical Analysis and Data Mining 5(4): 284-303 (2012). [4] P. K. Novak, N. Lavrac, G. I. Webb: Supervised Descriptive Rule Discovery: A Unifying Survey of Contrast Set, Emerging Pattern and Subgroup Mining. Journal of Machine Learning Research 10: 377-403 (2009) TRAVAIL R ´EALIS ´E DANS LE CADRE DU PROJET TRANSVERSE LIRIS OLFAMINING ET DU PROJET DEFISENS MI CNRS.