Clusters as Driver for Innovation

INNOVATION + TECHNIK

• Textmasterformate durch Klicken
bearbeiten Clusters as
• Zweite Ebene Driver for Innovation

• Dritte Ebene
• Vierte Ebene Gerd Meier zu Köcker,
Director
• Fünfte Ebene for Innovation and Technology, iit
Institute

Member of the European Cluster Policy Group ECPG

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© VDI/VDE-IT 10.08.2011 2nd KGCCSIT Meeting, April 2009, Berlin

Main Sources of New Ideas and Innovation

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• Zweite Ebene
• Dritte Ebene
• Vierte Ebene
• Fünfte Ebene

Source: IBM CEO Study 2006
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Important Success Factors by SMEs*

De-forming velocity

Flexibility of application

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Support in material construction

• Zweite Ebene
Overall costs

• Dritte Ebene
• Vierte Ebene
Productivity

• Fünfte Ebene
Price per kilo

Innovation

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Percentage

*Source: Kompetenzzentrum für Öberflächentechnik,Kunststoffe Lüdenscheid
feedback from more than 400 companies being active in the polymer sector, 2008 3

Innovations generated within Clusters **

• Aim
• Textmasterformate driver their own cars
Enabling handicapped people to
durch Klicken
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• Technical solution
• Zweite Ebene
X-by-wire System* for handicapped users, which is in full compliance with
• Dritte Ebene
safety requirements (Straßenverkehrsordnung)

•• Vierte Ebene Award CyberOne of bw:con
Winner of the High-Tech

• Fünfte Ebene

• * von PARAVAN®
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**

Innovations generated within Clusters

• Aim
bearbeitenstreet light with reduced energy consumption.
Energy efficient

•• Zweite Ebene
Technical solution
Eco efficient LED street lights (AuLED)
• Dritte Ebene
– High energy efficiency
• Vierte Ebene
– Less light pollution
– High CO2 savings
– Insect friendly
• Fünfte Ebene
– Long life span

• Collaborative R&D activities among five industrial cluster
members (without public funding)

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Clusters as Driver for Innovation ?

• Looking into today's literature
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cluster firms are more innovative than non-cluster firms…
• Zweite Ebene
• Dritte Ebene
.
Contract out research to other firms, universities, etc.
yes
yes

• Vierte Ebene no
noInnobarometer on
cluster’s role in
facilitating innovation in

• Fünfte Ebene Europe 2009

Cluster firms Non-cluster firms

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Clusters as Driver for Innovation ?

• Looking into today's literature
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• cluster firms are more innovative than non-cluster firms…
• Zweite Ebene
• Dritte Ebene
.
Apply for patents
Innobarometer on
yes yes
cluster’s role in
• Vierte Ebene
no no
facilitating innovation in
Europe 2009

• Fünfte Ebene
Cluster firms Non-cluster firms

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Survey on Selected Cluster Supporting Measures in Germany

Förderung regionaler

• Textmasterformate durch Klicken Netzwerke
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern

Federal level
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Berlin
Regionaler
Clusterwettbewerb
Baden-Württemberg
Clusterpolitik
Cluster Offensive

• Zweite Ebene
Schleswig-
Cluster- Bayern
Holstein
Orientierung der
Innovationsstrategie Clusterprozess
Regionalpolitik in Clusteroffensive
Saarland Mitteldeutschland RegioCluster. Hessen

• Dritte Ebene
Brandenburg
NRW

1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

• Vierte Ebene Spitzen- ZIM-
GA-Förderung cluster- NEMO

• Fünfte Ebene
BioRegio- Lernende Regionen NEMO für Cluster Strategische Wettbewerb
Wettbewerb Kompetenznetze.de Partnerschaften
InnoProfile
InnoRegio BioPharma-
Wettbewerb

BioIndustrie2021
Federal state level

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The Initiative Competence Networks Germany –
An Example how Germany Supports the Development of strong clusters

The Initiative
• is run under the patronage of the Federal
bearbeiten Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi)

• Zweite Ebene • gathers and supports the best 110 regional
networks / clusters in Germany
• Dritte Ebene
• can be considered as ”Club of the Best
• Vierte Ebene Innovation Networks” in Germany

• Fünfte Ebene • provides tailor-made support for its members

• aims to further strengthen its member clusters

• has ambitious selection criteria in force

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Organisation of Competence Clusters - Ideal Structure

bearbeiten • Thematic focus
Research
• Zweite Ebene Institutes
• Regional concentration
Large
• Dritte Ebene Enterprises
Universities
Cluster • Vertical cluster
• Vierte Ebene governance

Education
• Fünfte Ebene SMEs Manufacturer
& Training Supplier
Service Partner (finance, marking, logistic)
Providers Developer
Researcher

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Cluster Emergence - Short Characteristics -

Buttom-up network
 decentralized governance, industrial driven
bearbeiten  cluster manager mostly appointed by the cluster
 mainly privately financed
• Zweite Ebene  political influence: low

• Dritte Ebene network, externally initiated
Top down
 centralised, externally governed
• Vierte Ebenenetwork influence: high, mostly initiatedby the initiator

 political
coordinator mostly nominated
by
governments on regional or national level or business
• Fünfte Ebene development agencies

Top down network, internally initiated
 centralised, internally governance
 lead organisation acts mostly as network coordinator,
also emerged and dominates the network
 political influence: varying 13

Dependency of the Membership Structure on the
Technolocial Fields the Clusters are active in
Source: 116 German Clusters

100%

90%

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80%

• Zweite Ebene
70%

• Dritte Ebene
60% Körperschaft
Others
Finanzen
Financies
FuE institutions
R&D

• Vierte Ebene
50%
Universities
Uni

Energy / Environment
Global players
Großunternehmen
Micro / Nano / Opto

40% SME
• Fünfte Ebene
KMU
New Materials

Manufacturing
Biotechnology

30%

20%
Average

Mobility

10%
ICT
0% 15
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© VDI/VDE-IT 10.08.2011 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2nd KGCCSIT Meeting, April 2009, Berlin

Standard Service Spectrum Provided by Cluster Managers

1. Information and Communication

2. Training and Qualification
• detailed database
•
•
frequent customer interviews
Internet/homepage
• Analysis of branch related educational
requirements
• Newsletter • Activities for qualification of company staff
•
•
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Supplier and service catalogue
Regular events, company tours
• Regular special events
- workshops and seminars
- study trips for employees
• Zweite Ebene Typical fields of 4. Initiating Co-operations

• Dritte Ebene activities of a cluster • Initiation and support of co-operation projects
• Establishment of contacts between potential
management project partners

• Vierte Ebene • Co-operations with R&D, educational
institutions and special service provider
• Set-up of special support providers
3. Internationalisation
••Export promotion Ebene
• Facilitate higher innovativeness
Fünfte events, congresses,
• Access to international 5. Marketing and PR
topics, customers and trends
• Information and marketing materials
• Support of international co-operation
• Generation of regional identity
• Support of companies during internationalisation
• National and international PR
• Set-up of network activities between comparable/
• Organisation of trade fairs, company visits,
complementary international clusters
presentations for major customers
• Lobbying
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Clusters as Tool to Facilitate International
SME-co-operation
Figures in %

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• Zweite Ebene
• Dritte Ebene
• Vierte Ebene
• Fünfte Ebene

Source: 89 clusters replied

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Benchmarking of service spectrum provided
by the cluster management to increase international
co-operations of the members

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• Zweite Ebene
• Dritte Ebene
• Vierte Ebene
• Fünfte Ebene

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Key Questions before Starting
Internationalization Activities of Clusters

Key questions:
•Clear objectives (why Internationalization) ? Klicken
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Which kind of co-operation targeted ?

•Responsibilities defined ?
Zweite Ebene
•Strategy available an agreed ?
Dritte Ebene
•Contribution of cluster members defined ?
Vierte Ebene
• Fünfte Ebene
Actions plan available ?

If these questions can sufficiently be answered, clusters are excellent tools
to facilitate international co-operation for their members !
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Some Success Factors for Sustainable
Cluster Management

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Cluster emergence
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Sustainable financing
• Cluster management skills
• • Zweite Ebene of services
Spectrum and quality
provided by the cluster management
• • Dritte Ebene of services
Demand-orientation
• Vierte Ebene management
provided by the cluster
• Added-values provided by the cluster management
• • Fünfte Ebene
Clear targets and milestone of cluster management

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• Textmasterformatemuch for Klicken
Thank you very durch your attention !

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• Zweite Ebene
• Dritte Ebene + Technik GmbH
Institute for Innovation and Technology
c/o VDI/VDE Innovation
• Vierte Ebene Berlin
Steinplatz 1
D-10623
• Fünfte Ebene 310078-118
Germany
Tel.: +49 (0) 30
Fax: +49 (0) 30 310078-222
E-Mail: mzk@iit-berlin.de

www.iit-berlin.de
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Clusters as Driver for Innovation

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