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Disaster management
1.
2. WHAT IS DISASTER??
A disaster is a natural or manmade event
which results in widespread human loss, loss
of livelihood, property and life.
3. WHAT IS DISASTER MANAGEMENT??
“A disaster can be defined as any occurrence that cause
damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life,
deterioration of health and health services on a scale,
sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from
outside the affected community or area”. (W.H.O.)
“A disaster can be defined as an occurrence either nature
or manmade that causes human suffering and creates
human needs that victims cannot alleviate without
assistance”. American Red Cross (ARC)
5. TYPES OF DISASTER??
NATURAL DISASTER-
1. Major Natural Disaster
A. Cyclones, Tornadoes
B. Drought, Flood
C. Earthquake, Tsunami
2. Minor Natural Disaster
A. Cold Waves
B. Thunderstorms
C. Heat Waves
6. CONTD..
MANMADE DISASTER-
1. Major Manmade Disaster-
A. Epidemic
B. Deforestation
C. Chemical Pollution
D. Wars
2. Minor Manmade Disaster-
A. Road/Train/Nuclear Accident, Riots
B. Food Poisoning
C. Industrial Disaster
8. CHARACTERSTICS OF DISASTER
Predictability
Controllability
Speed of onset
Length of forewarning
Duration of impact
Scope and intensity of impact
9. MAJOR DISASTER IN INDIA
1984 Bhopal Gas Tragedy
2001 Gujarat earthquake
2004 Indian Ocean tsunami
2008 Mumbai attacks
10. INDIA’S VULNERABILITY TO
DISASTERS
57% land is vulnerable to earthquakes. Of
these, 12% is vulnerable to severe
earthquakes.
68% land is vulnerable to drought.
12% land is vulnerable to floods.
8% land is vulnerable to cyclones.
Apart from natural disasters, some cities in
India are also vulnerable to chemical and
industrial disasters and man-made disasters.
11. NEW DIRECTIONS FOR DISASTER
MANAGEMENT IN INDIA
The National Disaster Management Authority
(NDMA) has been set up as the apex body for
Disaster Management in India, with the
Prime Minister as its Chairman.
Disaster Management Authorities will be set
up at the State and District Levels to be
headed by the Chief Ministers and
Collectors/Zilla Parishad Chairmen
respectively.
12. CONTD..
A National Disaster Mitigation Fund will be administered by
NDMA. States and districts will administer mitigation
funds.
A National Disaster Response Fund will be administered by
NDMA through the National Executive Committee. States
and Districts will administer state Disaster Response Fund
and Disaster Response Fund respectively.
8 Battalions of National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)
are being trained and deployed with CSSR and MFR
equipments and tools in eight strategic locations.
A National Disaster Management Policy and National
Disaster Response Plan will also be drawn up.
13. NODAL AGENCIES FOR DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
Floods : Ministry of Water Resources, CWC
Cyclones : Indian Meteorological Department
Earthquakes : Indian Meteorological Department
Epidemics : Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
Avian Flu: Ministry of Health, Ministry of Environment,
Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
Chemical Disasters : Ministry of Environment and Forests
Industrial Disasters : Ministry of Labor
Rail Accidents : Ministry of Railways
Air Accidents : Ministry of Civil Aviation
Fire : Ministry of Home Affairs
Nuclear Incidents : Department of Atomic Energy
Mine Disasters : Department of Mines
15. FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Encourage and consolidate knowledge networks
Mobilize and train disaster volunteers for more
effective preparedness, mitigation and response
(NSS, NCC, Scouts and Guides, NYK, Civil
Defense, Home guards).
Increased capacity building leads to faster
vulnerability reduction.
Learn from best practices in disaster
preparedness, mitigation and disaster response.
16. CONTD..
Inclusive, participatory, gender sensitive,
child friendly, eco-friendly and disabled
friendly disaster management.
Technology driven but people owned.
Knowledge Management: Documentation
and dissemination of good practices.
Public Private Partnership.
17. NEW POSSIBILITIES
National Urban Renewal Mission for 70 cities:
recent experience of “unprecedented”
extreme weather conditions in a few major
metros and megacities.
100,000 Rural Knowledge Centers ( IT Kiosks):
Need for Spatial e-Governance for informed
decision making in disaster-prone areas:
before, during and after disasters.
18. PRINCIPLES OF DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
Minimize casualties
Prevent further casualties
Rescue the victims
First aid
Evacuate
Medical care
Reconstruction
19. LESSON LEARNT
Be Prepared : Preparedness and Mitigation is
bound to yield more effective returns than
distributing relief after a disaster.
Create a Culture of Preparedness and
Prevention.
Evolve a code of conduct for all stake-holders.
20. DISASTER REDUCTION DAY
NIDM observed "Disaster Reduction Day" on
the 12th October.
Rallies and special lectures were organized in
the universities and colleges to mark the
initiatives of awareness for disaster reduction
amongst youth & children.
Children's Color Activity Book for Disaster
Preparedness.