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Introduction to   The Science Behind The Trip
                         Dr. Tryptamine
Psychedelic Chemistry
Disclaimer

This presentation is for
informational purposes only.

All information contained in this
presentation was taken from freely
available sources on the internet.

Nothing in this presentation should
be construed as to encourage or
condone illegal activity.

The author suggests that all
applicable laws be followed at all
times.

Be Safe.
Psychedelic

From Ancient Greek
ψυχή (psychê, “mind, soul”) +
δῆλος (dêlos, “manifest, visible”)

Psychedelic states are an array of
experiences including changes of
perception such as
hallucinations, synesthesia,
altered states of awareness or
focused consciousness, variation
in thought patterns, trance or
hypnotic states, mystical states,
and other mind alterations.
Organic Chemistry

• The chemistry of carbon-based
  compounds

• Naming:
  1 carbon = methyl
  2 carbons = ethyl
  3 carbons = propyl
  4 carbons = butyl
  5 carbons = pentyl
  6 carbons = benzyl or phenyl

• Amines contain nitrogen

• The symbol for benzene is a
  hexagon
Why We Trip

• Serotonin
  Monoamine neurotransmitter
  Closely associated with mood and happiness,
  also regulates intestinal activity.

• Dopamine
  Monoamine neurotransmitter,
  regulates mood, reward, attention, learning,
  sexual gratification.

• Norepinephrine
  Monoamine neurotransmitter, hormone
  regulates cardiovascular activity, attention, flight or
  fight response
Neurotransmitters and you
Classification

• Descriptive classification -
  Based on the effects of the
  compound and user
  experiences.
  Examples: Entheogens,
  Empathogens/Entatctogens,
  Dissociatives

• Chemical classification -
  Based on the chemical makeup
  and structure.
  Examples: Ergolines,
  Tryptamines, Phenethylamines
Descriptive Classification

• Entheogens

• Empathogens/Entactogens

• Dissociatives
Etheogens

An entheogen ("generating the
divine within") is a psychoactive
substance used in a religious,
shamanic, or spiritual context.

Entheogens can supplement
many diverse practices for
healing, transcendence, and
revelation, including: meditation,
psychonautics, art projects, and
psychedelic therapy.

Examples: LSD, Peyote,
Psilocybin, DMT, Salvia,
Ibogaine
Empathogens

The terms empathogen and
entactogen are used to describe
a class of psychoactive drugs
that produce distinctive
emotional and social effects
such as feelings of empathy,
love, and emotional closeness to
others.

The terms are used
interchangeably.

Examples: MDA, MDMA, 2C-B,
2C-I, 2C-T-7
Dissociatives

 Dissociatives are a class of
 hallucinogen which reduce or
 block signals to the conscious
 mind from other parts of the
 brain.

 The characteristic features of
 dissociative anesthesia are
 described as catalepsy,
 amnesia and analgesia.

 Examples: Nitrous Oxide,
 Ketamine, Methoxetamine,
 Ibogaine
Chemical
Classification

• Phenethylamines

• Tryptamines

• Ergolines
Phenethylamines


•Amphetamine

•Methamphetamine

•MDA

•MDMA
Tryptamines

• Serotonin


• DMT


• Psilocin


• Psilocybin
Ergolines

• LSD




• LSA (Ergine)
Classic Psychedelics

• LSD

• MDA

• MDMA

• Psilocybin

• Mescaline

• DMT

• Ketamine
LSD

• Chemical name: d-lysergic acid diethylamide

• Semi-Synthetic, synthesized by Albert Hoffmann in 1938 from ergotamine

• Common names: Acid; L; Tabs; Blotter; Dose(s); Trips, Liquid

• LSD is the best known and most researched psychedelic. It is the
  standard against which all other psychedelics are compared. It is active at
  extremely low doses and is most commonly available on blotter or in
  liquid form.

• Dosage: Threshold 20 ug, Common 50 - 150 ug, Heavy 400 + ug

• Concerns: Existential/Psychological crisis, dosage control, illegal
MDMA

• Chemical name: 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine

• Class: Euphoric Empathogen; Stimulant; Phenethylamine

• Common names: Ecstasy; E; X; XTC; Rolls; Beans; Adam; Molly

• Comments: MDMA, or 'ecstasy' is a psychedelic amphetamine that has
  gained popularity over the past 20 years because of its ability to
  produce strong feelings of comfort, empathy, and connection to others.

• Dosage: Threshold: 30 mg, Common: 75 - 125 mg, Heavy: 200 + mg

• Concerns: Hydration, cardiovascular complications, possible
  neurotoxicity, delayed crash, illegal
MDA

• Chemical name: 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine

• Class: Euphoric Empathogen; Stimulant; Phenethylamine

• Common names: Sass or Sassafras

• Comments: MDA is a synthetic empathogen sometimes found in ecstasy
  tablets. It is closely related to MDMA though its effects are said to be slightly
  more psychedelic.

• Dosage: Threshold: 30 - 50 mg, Common: 100 - 150 mg, Heavy: 100 - 150
  mg

• Concerns: Hydration, cardiovascular complications, possible neurotoxicity,
  delayed crash, illegal
Psilocybin

• Chemical name:[3-(2-Dimethylaminoethyl)-1H-indol-4-yl] dihydrogen phosphate

• Class: Psychedelic Tryptamine

• Common names: Shrooms; Magic Mushrooms; Sacred Mushrooms; teonanácatl;
  Boomers; Fungi

• Comments: There are more than 180 species of mushrooms which contain the
  psychedelics psilocybin or psilocin. They have a long history of use in Mexico and
  are currently one of the most popular and commonly available natural
  psychedelics.

• Dosage: Threshold: .2g, Common 1-2.5g, Heavy: 5+g (Dried Psilocybe Cubensis)

• Concerns: Existential/psychological crisis, dosage, illegal
Mescaline

• Chemical name: 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine

• Class: Psychedelic Phenethylamine

• Common names: Peyote, Cactus, San Pedro, Buttons, Mescalito

• Comments: Mescaline is a naturally occurring psychedelic with a long
  history of human use. It is best known as the primary active chemical in
  the peyote cactus.

• Dosage: Threshold: 100mg, Common: 200-300mg, Heavy: 500-700mg

• Concerns: Existential/psychological crisis, purity, illegal*
DMT

• Chemical name: N,N-dimethyltryptamine

• Class: Psychedelic Tryptamine

• Common names: DMT, Beard, Business Man’s Trip, Deemsters

• Comments: DMT is a powerful, visual psychedelic which produces short-
  acting effects when smoked. It is used orally in combination with an MAOI, as
  in ayahuasca brews. It is naturally produced in the human body and by many
  plants.

• Dosage: Threshold: 2-5mg, Common: 20-40mg, Strong: 40-60mg

• Concerns: Existential/psychological crisis, Dosage control, illegal*, alien
  abduction
Ketamine

• Chemical name: (RS)-2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone

• Class: Dissociative Anaesthetic; Psychedelic

• Common names: K; Special K; Cat Tranquilizer

• Comments: Ketamine is a dissociative psychedelic used medically as a
  veterinary and human anaesthetic. It is one of the few addictive
  psychedelics and is associated with researcher John Lilly.

• Dosage: Threshold: 10-15mg, Common: 30-70mg, Strong: 60-125mg

• Concerns: K-Hole, compulsive behavior, loss of consciousness, death,
  illegal
Research Chemicals

• 2C Series

• Cathinones

• Bathsalts

• Methoxetamine

• NBOMe Series
2C Series (2C-B, 2C-E, 2C-I, 2C-T-7)

• Chemical name: 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B), 2,5-
  dimethoxy-4-ethylphenethylamine (2C-E), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-
  iodophenethylamine (2C-I), 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-n-propylthiophenethylamine
  (2C-T-7)

• Class: Psychedelic Phenethylamines

• Common names: Nexus; Bees; Venus; Bromo Mescaline; BDMPEA,

• Comments: 2C is a general name for the family of psychedelic
  phenethylamines containing methoxy groups on the 2 and 5 positions of the
  benzene ring. Most of these compounds also carry lipophilic substituents at
  the 4 position, usually resulting in more potent and more metabolically stable
  and longer acting compounds.

• Dosage: Varies, 10-25mg commonly

• Concerns: Cardiovascular issues, death, illegal
Cathinones

• Chemical name: Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone),
  Methylone (bk-MDMA, 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylcathinone,

• Class: Euphoric Empathogen; Phenethylamine

• Common names: Meow, M-Cat, Megatron, Molly Roger,
  Explosion, Ease,

• Comments: Cathinones are relatives of the amphetamine family
  of phenethylamines, found in khat, cathinone has a ketone
  group in the beta position.

• Dosage: Varies greatly and depends on route of administration

• Concerns: compulsive behavior, death, illegal
Bathsalts

• Chemical name: 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV)

• Class: Stimulant

• Common names: MDPV; NRG-1; Bath Salts

• Comments: MDPV is an uncommon stimulant with a short history of human use.
  It is known for its tendency to cause compulsive redosing and some users report
  sexual arousal as an effect. MDPV has been found in products labeled as "bath
  salts" and "plant food/fertilizer".

• Dosage: No comment

• Concerns: Compulsive behavior, death, illegal
Methoxetamine

• Chemical name: 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone; 3-MeO-2-Oxo-PCE

• Class: Dissociative; Sedative

• Common names: Methoxetamine; MXE; Mexxy; Roflcopter

• Comments: Methoxetamine is a near chemical analog of ketamine and PCP. Its use was
  first publicly reported in 2010. Methoxetamine's effects are described by some as similar
  to ketamine or high-dose DXM, while others report not finding it similar to those
  substances. A number of accounts describe compulsive redosing and unintentional
  consumption of more than was initially planned.

• Dosage: Varies greatly and depends on route of administration

• Concerns: Compulsive behavior, death, illegal
NBOMe

• Chemical name: 2C-C-NBOMe = (25C-NBOMe; NBOMe-2C-C); 2C-I-NBOMEe = (25I-
  NBOMe; NBOMe-2C-I); mescaline-NBOMe = (345-NBOMe; NBOMEe-mescaline);

• Class: Psychedelic; Stimulant; Euphoriant

• Common names: Molly Acid, “Not” Acid Acid, Mescaline Molly, Bome

• Comments: The NBOMe series of chemicals are primarily N-o-methoxybenzyl analogs of the
  2C-X family of phenethylamines, and are 5-HT2A (serotonin 2A) receptor agonists. A few are
  amphetamine analogs. With few exceptions (e.g. mescaline-NBOMe), compounds in this
  group are active at verly low sub-milligram doses. These chemicals have nearly no history of
  human use prior to 2010 when they first became available online.

• Dosage: Very active at sub-milligram levels. Extreme caution!

• Concerns: Death, illegal
Concerns

• Source/Purity

• Dosage

• Set/Setting

• You
Questions...
Acknowledgments

• Erowid
  www.erowid.org

• Wikipedia
  www.wikipedia.org

• DMTNexus
  https://www.dmt-nexus.me/

• Anne & Sasha Shulgin

• Alex Grey

• The International Association of
  Psychedelic Guides

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Introduction to Psychedelic Chemistry: The Science Behind the Trip

  • 1. Introduction to The Science Behind The Trip Dr. Tryptamine Psychedelic Chemistry
  • 2. Disclaimer This presentation is for informational purposes only. All information contained in this presentation was taken from freely available sources on the internet. Nothing in this presentation should be construed as to encourage or condone illegal activity. The author suggests that all applicable laws be followed at all times. Be Safe.
  • 3. Psychedelic From Ancient Greek ψυχή (psychê, “mind, soul”) + δῆλος (dêlos, “manifest, visible”) Psychedelic states are an array of experiences including changes of perception such as hallucinations, synesthesia, altered states of awareness or focused consciousness, variation in thought patterns, trance or hypnotic states, mystical states, and other mind alterations.
  • 4. Organic Chemistry • The chemistry of carbon-based compounds • Naming: 1 carbon = methyl 2 carbons = ethyl 3 carbons = propyl 4 carbons = butyl 5 carbons = pentyl 6 carbons = benzyl or phenyl • Amines contain nitrogen • The symbol for benzene is a hexagon
  • 5. Why We Trip • Serotonin Monoamine neurotransmitter Closely associated with mood and happiness, also regulates intestinal activity. • Dopamine Monoamine neurotransmitter, regulates mood, reward, attention, learning, sexual gratification. • Norepinephrine Monoamine neurotransmitter, hormone regulates cardiovascular activity, attention, flight or fight response
  • 7. Classification • Descriptive classification - Based on the effects of the compound and user experiences. Examples: Entheogens, Empathogens/Entatctogens, Dissociatives • Chemical classification - Based on the chemical makeup and structure. Examples: Ergolines, Tryptamines, Phenethylamines
  • 8. Descriptive Classification • Entheogens • Empathogens/Entactogens • Dissociatives
  • 9. Etheogens An entheogen ("generating the divine within") is a psychoactive substance used in a religious, shamanic, or spiritual context. Entheogens can supplement many diverse practices for healing, transcendence, and revelation, including: meditation, psychonautics, art projects, and psychedelic therapy. Examples: LSD, Peyote, Psilocybin, DMT, Salvia, Ibogaine
  • 10. Empathogens The terms empathogen and entactogen are used to describe a class of psychoactive drugs that produce distinctive emotional and social effects such as feelings of empathy, love, and emotional closeness to others. The terms are used interchangeably. Examples: MDA, MDMA, 2C-B, 2C-I, 2C-T-7
  • 11. Dissociatives Dissociatives are a class of hallucinogen which reduce or block signals to the conscious mind from other parts of the brain. The characteristic features of dissociative anesthesia are described as catalepsy, amnesia and analgesia. Examples: Nitrous Oxide, Ketamine, Methoxetamine, Ibogaine
  • 14. Tryptamines • Serotonin • DMT • Psilocin • Psilocybin
  • 16. Classic Psychedelics • LSD • MDA • MDMA • Psilocybin • Mescaline • DMT • Ketamine
  • 17. LSD • Chemical name: d-lysergic acid diethylamide • Semi-Synthetic, synthesized by Albert Hoffmann in 1938 from ergotamine • Common names: Acid; L; Tabs; Blotter; Dose(s); Trips, Liquid • LSD is the best known and most researched psychedelic. It is the standard against which all other psychedelics are compared. It is active at extremely low doses and is most commonly available on blotter or in liquid form. • Dosage: Threshold 20 ug, Common 50 - 150 ug, Heavy 400 + ug • Concerns: Existential/Psychological crisis, dosage control, illegal
  • 18. MDMA • Chemical name: 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine • Class: Euphoric Empathogen; Stimulant; Phenethylamine • Common names: Ecstasy; E; X; XTC; Rolls; Beans; Adam; Molly • Comments: MDMA, or 'ecstasy' is a psychedelic amphetamine that has gained popularity over the past 20 years because of its ability to produce strong feelings of comfort, empathy, and connection to others. • Dosage: Threshold: 30 mg, Common: 75 - 125 mg, Heavy: 200 + mg • Concerns: Hydration, cardiovascular complications, possible neurotoxicity, delayed crash, illegal
  • 19. MDA • Chemical name: 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine • Class: Euphoric Empathogen; Stimulant; Phenethylamine • Common names: Sass or Sassafras • Comments: MDA is a synthetic empathogen sometimes found in ecstasy tablets. It is closely related to MDMA though its effects are said to be slightly more psychedelic. • Dosage: Threshold: 30 - 50 mg, Common: 100 - 150 mg, Heavy: 100 - 150 mg • Concerns: Hydration, cardiovascular complications, possible neurotoxicity, delayed crash, illegal
  • 20. Psilocybin • Chemical name:[3-(2-Dimethylaminoethyl)-1H-indol-4-yl] dihydrogen phosphate • Class: Psychedelic Tryptamine • Common names: Shrooms; Magic Mushrooms; Sacred Mushrooms; teonanácatl; Boomers; Fungi • Comments: There are more than 180 species of mushrooms which contain the psychedelics psilocybin or psilocin. They have a long history of use in Mexico and are currently one of the most popular and commonly available natural psychedelics. • Dosage: Threshold: .2g, Common 1-2.5g, Heavy: 5+g (Dried Psilocybe Cubensis) • Concerns: Existential/psychological crisis, dosage, illegal
  • 21. Mescaline • Chemical name: 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine • Class: Psychedelic Phenethylamine • Common names: Peyote, Cactus, San Pedro, Buttons, Mescalito • Comments: Mescaline is a naturally occurring psychedelic with a long history of human use. It is best known as the primary active chemical in the peyote cactus. • Dosage: Threshold: 100mg, Common: 200-300mg, Heavy: 500-700mg • Concerns: Existential/psychological crisis, purity, illegal*
  • 22. DMT • Chemical name: N,N-dimethyltryptamine • Class: Psychedelic Tryptamine • Common names: DMT, Beard, Business Man’s Trip, Deemsters • Comments: DMT is a powerful, visual psychedelic which produces short- acting effects when smoked. It is used orally in combination with an MAOI, as in ayahuasca brews. It is naturally produced in the human body and by many plants. • Dosage: Threshold: 2-5mg, Common: 20-40mg, Strong: 40-60mg • Concerns: Existential/psychological crisis, Dosage control, illegal*, alien abduction
  • 23. Ketamine • Chemical name: (RS)-2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone • Class: Dissociative Anaesthetic; Psychedelic • Common names: K; Special K; Cat Tranquilizer • Comments: Ketamine is a dissociative psychedelic used medically as a veterinary and human anaesthetic. It is one of the few addictive psychedelics and is associated with researcher John Lilly. • Dosage: Threshold: 10-15mg, Common: 30-70mg, Strong: 60-125mg • Concerns: K-Hole, compulsive behavior, loss of consciousness, death, illegal
  • 24. Research Chemicals • 2C Series • Cathinones • Bathsalts • Methoxetamine • NBOMe Series
  • 25. 2C Series (2C-B, 2C-E, 2C-I, 2C-T-7) • Chemical name: 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B), 2,5- dimethoxy-4-ethylphenethylamine (2C-E), 2,5-dimethoxy-4- iodophenethylamine (2C-I), 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-n-propylthiophenethylamine (2C-T-7) • Class: Psychedelic Phenethylamines • Common names: Nexus; Bees; Venus; Bromo Mescaline; BDMPEA, • Comments: 2C is a general name for the family of psychedelic phenethylamines containing methoxy groups on the 2 and 5 positions of the benzene ring. Most of these compounds also carry lipophilic substituents at the 4 position, usually resulting in more potent and more metabolically stable and longer acting compounds. • Dosage: Varies, 10-25mg commonly • Concerns: Cardiovascular issues, death, illegal
  • 26. Cathinones • Chemical name: Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone), Methylone (bk-MDMA, 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylcathinone, • Class: Euphoric Empathogen; Phenethylamine • Common names: Meow, M-Cat, Megatron, Molly Roger, Explosion, Ease, • Comments: Cathinones are relatives of the amphetamine family of phenethylamines, found in khat, cathinone has a ketone group in the beta position. • Dosage: Varies greatly and depends on route of administration • Concerns: compulsive behavior, death, illegal
  • 27. Bathsalts • Chemical name: 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) • Class: Stimulant • Common names: MDPV; NRG-1; Bath Salts • Comments: MDPV is an uncommon stimulant with a short history of human use. It is known for its tendency to cause compulsive redosing and some users report sexual arousal as an effect. MDPV has been found in products labeled as "bath salts" and "plant food/fertilizer". • Dosage: No comment • Concerns: Compulsive behavior, death, illegal
  • 28. Methoxetamine • Chemical name: 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone; 3-MeO-2-Oxo-PCE • Class: Dissociative; Sedative • Common names: Methoxetamine; MXE; Mexxy; Roflcopter • Comments: Methoxetamine is a near chemical analog of ketamine and PCP. Its use was first publicly reported in 2010. Methoxetamine's effects are described by some as similar to ketamine or high-dose DXM, while others report not finding it similar to those substances. A number of accounts describe compulsive redosing and unintentional consumption of more than was initially planned. • Dosage: Varies greatly and depends on route of administration • Concerns: Compulsive behavior, death, illegal
  • 29. NBOMe • Chemical name: 2C-C-NBOMe = (25C-NBOMe; NBOMe-2C-C); 2C-I-NBOMEe = (25I- NBOMe; NBOMe-2C-I); mescaline-NBOMe = (345-NBOMe; NBOMEe-mescaline); • Class: Psychedelic; Stimulant; Euphoriant • Common names: Molly Acid, “Not” Acid Acid, Mescaline Molly, Bome • Comments: The NBOMe series of chemicals are primarily N-o-methoxybenzyl analogs of the 2C-X family of phenethylamines, and are 5-HT2A (serotonin 2A) receptor agonists. A few are amphetamine analogs. With few exceptions (e.g. mescaline-NBOMe), compounds in this group are active at verly low sub-milligram doses. These chemicals have nearly no history of human use prior to 2010 when they first became available online. • Dosage: Very active at sub-milligram levels. Extreme caution! • Concerns: Death, illegal
  • 32. Acknowledgments • Erowid www.erowid.org • Wikipedia www.wikipedia.org • DMTNexus https://www.dmt-nexus.me/ • Anne & Sasha Shulgin • Alex Grey • The International Association of Psychedelic Guides

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