OSGi World Congress 2002

1. Examining BMW´s Open Architecture
For Telematic Applications
Challenges and Opportunities
Hans-Ulrich Michel
Project Manager Information, Communication and Telematics

2. 25-09-02
Seite 2
1. Introduction: The “Starting Point”
2. Challenges and Opportunities
3. Open Platform and Standardization Activities
Examining BMW´s Open Architecture
For Telematic Applications
Challenges and Opportunities
4. BMW Research – Exemplary Applications

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Seite 3
The “Starting Point”:
The importance of automobile
electronics

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Seite 4
• Percentage of Production Costs: 20-35%
Increase 10-15% p.a.
Engine Management
Security-Sytems
Bus Systems
Driver AssistanceInfotainment
Comfort-Electronics
The Importance of Automotive Electronics

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Seite 5
Challenges and Opportunities:
What are the challenges and
opportunities for the future ?

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sensor sensor
16-24
ECU architecture: BMW luxury segment
Number ECU´s
Increased
Networking
PT-CAN (500 kBd)
I/K-BUS (9,6 kBd)
P-BUS (9,6 kBd)
PT-CAN (500 kBd)
K-CAN (100 kBd)
K-CAN-P (100 kBd)
byteflight (10 MBd)
MOST (22 MBd)
33-70
ECU
ECU
ECU
ECU
Gateway
Bus 1 Bus 2
ECU
ECU
ECU
Driving Forces Networking:
- Increasing number of ECU´s
- Multi-usage of sensor signals
- Diagnostics
- Hierachical and functional overlapping of app´s
actuat. actuat.
The Main Challenge:
Major increase in System Complexity

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Seite 7
The Main Challenge:
Major increase in System Complexity
ECUs & Busses
Mob.PhonePhone
Vehicle

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Seite 8
Communicating
Devices
ECUs & Busses
The Main Challenge:
Major increase in System Complexity

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Seite 9
Software complexityCommunicating
Devices
ECUs & Busses
The Main Challenge:
Major increase in System Complexity

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Seite 10
ECUs & Busses Communicating
Devices
Software
complexity
Problem:
System complexity makes development cycles longer
and less predictable
The Main Challenge:
Major increase in System Complexity

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Seite 11
Open Platform:
Open Platform and
Standardization Activities

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Seite 12
Open Platform Design
MOSTMO
HMI
Navi
SW
HW
HMI
Tuner
SW
HW
HMI
Phone
SW
HW
MOST
Navi
SW
HW
HMI
Tuner
SW
HW
Phone
SW
HW
…
MOST
Application
Space
Software Platform
Hardware Platform
HMI
N
a
v
i
P
h
o
n
e
T
u
n
e
r
..
Standardized
API`s
Satellite
Device
MOST
Stand alone devices
Integrated HMI, but all
functions (App´s) running
on different devices
Open Platform Design: Functions are
software-modules in an application space
on a system platform using standardized
API´s. Integration of external devices via
MOST

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Seite 13
Open Platform Design

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Seite 14
Gateway/Firewall
K-CAN
Powertrai
nCAN
SI-BUS
...
Gateway/Firewall
Other bus systems
Multimedia BUS
MOST
Wireless Port
Customer Port
GSM/GPRS/DAB...
BMW Research: Open Platform Design
...
Java VM + Java APIs
Nav Tuner Phone PIM Telematic
HMI
Convenience/Serv. FrameworkNative
Libraries / Base Services
Comm.Proxi

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Media Oriented Systems Transport Open Services Gateway Initiative
OSEK/VDX
Open systems and the
corresponding interfaces for
automotive electronics
Automotive Multimedia Interface
Collaboration
Important Standardization Activities for the
Automotive Industry

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Seite 16
Important Standardization Activities for the
Automotive Industry
Series projects with MOST:
• Audi
• BMW
• DaimlerChrysler
• Porsche
• Saab
• Volkswagen
BMW
DaimlerChrysler
Harman/Becker
Oasis
Audi
VW
Porsche
Renault
Saab
Opel
Alpine
AM3
Audio Int.
Bosch
Bose
Clarion
Ford
Loewe
Nokia
Pioneer
RadiSys
Siemens
Infineon
VDO
AW Aisin
Framatome
Furukawa
Grundig
Hirschmann
Jurk
Yazaki
Harting
Johnson Controls
Kroschu-Kabelw.
Magneti Marelli
Mitsubishi Int.
Mitsumi
Molex
Philips
Fiat
Delphi Delco
PSA
Kostal
Learnout&Hauspie
Volvo
Denso
CAA
AMP
Toyota
Hosiden
Softing
Vector
Sumitomo
Matsushita
Accutest
GADV
• Car Networking Standardization
• ECU Abstraction as a set of Function Blocks
• Media Independent Object Model and
Transport . Protocol

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CAN,..MOST
BluetoothGSM/GPRS
Car-Platform
Java VM
OS
To be used as a software platform for
Communication Gateways
Important Standardization Activities for the
Automotive Industry

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Seite 18
Benefits of an OSGi enabled Platform for
Car Manufacturers
• Reduce Overall Dependencies
• Platform Vendor Independence
• Service Provider Independence
• Network Independence
• Security Infrastructure
• Standardized Hardware Abstraction (HW-SW Separation)
• Standard Platform APIs and Basic Libraries
• Rapid Application Development
• Faster Time-To-Market of the Complete Infrastructure
(through standardized SP-Interaction)
• Scalability of Application (Client / Server)
• Dynamic Service Deployment
• Specification of API´s for Automotive Requirements (R3)

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Navigation UI
RouteGuidance
RouteCalculation
MapLibrary
Positioning
System
Utils
Navigation Application LB-Advertizing Application
System
Utils
Location Based Advertizing UI
Messaging
MapLibrary
Positioning
Benefits of an OSGi enabled Platform for
Car Manufacturers
• Component Model

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Seite 20
Benefits of an OSGi enabled Platform for
Car Manufacturers
• Component Model
OSGi Framework
NavigationUI
RouteGuidance
RouteCalculation
MapService
PositioningAPI
Utils
System
Navigation Application
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
MapService
PositioningAPI
MessagingService
LocationBasedAdvertizing
UserInterface
Utils
System
LB-Advertising Application
4 5 6 7 8 9
OSGi Framework

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Benefits of an OSGi enabled Platform for
Car Manufacturers
• Component Model
OSGi Framework
NavigationUI
RouteGuidance
RouteCalculation
MapService
PositioningAPI
Utils
System
Navigation Application
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
MapService
PositioningAPI
MessagingService
LocationBasedAdvertizing
UserInterface
Utils
System
LB-Advertising Application
4 5 6 7 8 9
OSGi Framework
OSGi Framework
NavigationUI
RouteGuidance
RouteCalculation
MapService
PositioningAPI
MessagingService
LocationBasedAdvertizing
UserInterface
Utils
System
Navigation Application
LB-Advertising Application
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

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OSGi Framework
NavigationUI
RouteGuidance
RouteCalculation
MapService
PositioningAPI
MessagingService
LocationBasedAdvertizing
UserInterface
Utils
System
Navigation Application
LB-Advertising Application
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
OSGi Framework
NavigationUI
RouteGuidance
RouteCalculation
MapService
PositioningAPI
MessagingService
LBAdvertizing
UserInterface
Utils
System
Navigation Application
LB-Advertising Application
⇒ Easier and Quicker Application
Development and Deployment !
Benefits of an OSGi enabled Platform for
Car Manufacturers
• Component Model

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Seite 23
BMW Research:
Some Exemplary Applications

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Seite 24
Application Server
Internal Services
BMW Portal
EJB-Container
FZG-Server
TCP/IP
HTTP
PDA-Client
FZG-Client
Portal Server
Internet
Explorer
OSGI Container
Gateway Internet
Wegekarten
Images
Dienst B
Dienst C
Dienst A
Dienst ...
GPRS
BMW Content
Applications (BMW)
Standard Services
Customer Relationchip
Managmaent
SOAP / http
/ TCP/IP
Application Server
Extern / Internet
EJB-Container
Service Provider
SOAP
/ http
SMS
Persitance
Content Provider
CommunicationGateway
SOAP
Messaging
http Service
Navigation
Telephone
Postitioning
Tracking&
Logging
Bundle
Management
Power
Management
Presentation
Manager
Authentication/
Authorization
GSMGSM
GPRS
UMTS UMTS
Internationali
-zation
Personalization
Presentation
Service
Input
OutputOutput Device
Adress
PIM
Input Device
Home
Internet
Explorer
Office
Internet
Explorer
SMS
WLAN
BluetoothBluetooth
WLAN
Fahrzeug
Gateway Fahrzeug
SOAP / http
/ TCP/IP
http / TCP/IP
TCP/IP
SOAP / http
/ TCP/IP
http / TCP/IP /
Bluetooth
BMW Research -
General End-to-End Architecture

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Service
Provider
BMW Research - - EU-Project
End-to-End Architecture for Service Delivery
Service
Provider
Authentication/
Authorisation
Billing
Control
Centre
BMW AG
Vodafone
OSGi
Client invokeService [uh, bh, sid]
Propagate user id/services data
authenticate
authenticate
[uh, list of sid]
[uh,listofsid]
billService [uh, bh, sid]
[result]
Service
Provider
authorize [uh,sid]
[bh]
[bh]
authorise[uh,sid]
uh : user handle
sid: service identifier
bh: billing handle
A1-A2:authenticate exactly one time
B1-B4: authorize and use service n-times
Top Drive BMW
Customer Data
BMW
BMW
BMW
Vodafone
Interface 1
interface 2

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SP
Service
Provider
SO
Service
Operator
Routing
SO
Service
Operator
Reservation
SO
Service
Operator
Parkinfo
CP
Content
Provider
Stadt-
Info-
Server
CO
Content
Owner
PSA
1
PSA
2
PSA
n
PSA
n+1
PA
1
PA
2
PA
3
User
Parking Application
System Architecture

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Application Server BEA
Web Server DMZ
EJB-Container
FZG-Server
http / TCP/IP / Bluetooth
HTTP
PDA-Client
FZG-Client
Web-Server
NES
Internet
Explorer
OSGI Container
BEA Plugin
Wegekarten
Images
Reservieren
E-Ticket
Parkinfo
P+R / Knopfdruck
...
GUI
Parken
GPRS
BluetoothBluetooth
Servlet
Engine
Service Provider
(Diensteauswahl)
Komunikation
(Session, Login etc.)
Service B
Service Operator
(Diesnt A)
SOAP / http
/ TCP/IP
Application Server Extern Internet
EJB-Container
Servlet
Engine
Service Provider
(Diensteauswahl)
Service Operator
(Parkinfo)
SOAP / http / T3
HTTP / TCP/IP /
GSM -GPRS
Application Server WINNT
für Kaufkomponente
Map Matching
SOAP
/ http
LDAP Server
IPlanet
GSM
SMS
SOAP
GPRS
WebService
GSM
SMS
Service Operator
(P+R /Knopfdruck)
Service Operator
(Fußgänger Routing)
Home /Office
Internet Client
Internet
Explorer
PPP
SMS
Parking Application
System Architecture

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Parking Application
Component View
OSGi Framework
ParkingUI
RouteGuidance
RouteCalculation
MapService
PositioningAPI
Communication
Service
ParkingInformation
Service
ElectronicTicket
Service
System/Utils/HMI
Parking Application
Parking Bundles
Shared Bundles
System/Base Bundles

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Backend
• user account
• stored travel data
PC PDAVehicle
Bluetooth/WLAN
Internet
Internet
1. Travel Plan at Home
• (with parking lot reservation)
2. Travel by car
• Download travel data / route
• Onboard-route guidance
• Route calculation off-board
3. Walking to destination
• Use PDA with map / walking route
to go from parking lot destination
(Java / native app ? ->
look and feel
Seamless Navigation Application
General View

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Seamless Navigation Application
High Level Navigation Requirements
1. Ability to navigate to a target
2. The navigation user should have to input the target and way points
only once.
3. Ability to synchronize destination and way points in order to fulfill
req.2.
4. Ability of all navigation devices (CCC and PDAs) to cooperate
while navigating (e.g. avoid multiple position or route calculation,
simultaneous audio output etc.).
5. Master awareness => „the better is the master“ strategy, the CCC
will be the master for the most operations, but a better performing
PDA can become a master for e.g. route calculation => master
negotiation protocol.
6. Seamless navigation continuation after leaving the car.
7. Ability to update the map

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OSGi Framework
NavigationUI
RouteGuidance
RouteCalculation
MapService
PositioningAPI
Communication
Service
NavigationInformation
SynchService(PDA)
NavigationMaster
NegotiationService
System/Utils/HMI
Navigation Application
Navigation Bundles
Shared Bundles
System/Base Bundles
Seamless Navigation Application
Component View

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Personal Information Assistant Application
General Requirements
• Synchronization of Personal
Data . Home PC / PDA / Vehicle /
Server
• Vcard (Address, Phone)
• Tasks
• Memo
• Email
• Possible Additional Feature
• Vcar-Profile with Car-Personalization Data

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OSGi Framework
PIAUI
ContactsService
SynchronizationService
UserAuthentication
Service
UserAdminService
Communication
Service
CalendaringService
E-mailService
System/Utils/HMI
PIA Application
PIA Bundles
Shared Bundles
System/Base Bundles
Personal Information Assistant Application
Component View

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Conclusion
To develop Standard API´s for the interaction of
subsystems is essential.
OSG is an important standardization activity for
the automotive industry that enables the
implementation of an open platform design.