Female reproductive system1 copy

1. FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
OVARY
FALLOPIAN TUBE
VAGINA
Prof.J.Anbalagan,
anbuamu@rediffmail.com

2. FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
Prof.J.Anbalagan

3. OOGENESIS
• OOGONIUM
• PRIMARY OOCYTE
– 44+XX
• SECONDARY OOCYTE
– 22+X, 1 POLAR BODY
• MATURE OVUM
– 22+X, 3 POLAR BODY
Prof.J.Anbalagan

4. OVARY
• Surrounded by simple
cuboidal cells
– Germinal epithelium
• Deeper
– Tunica albuginea
Prof.J.Anbalagan

5. OVARY• Cortex
– Ovarian follicles
• at different stages of
maturations
– Stroma
• with spindle shaped
cells
• Medulla
– Loose connective tissue
with elastic fibers
– Blood vessels
Prof.J.Anbalagan

6. Stages of maturation
• Primordial follicle
• Primary follicle
• Secondary follicle
• Antral follicle
• Mature follicle (Graffian follicle)
Prof.J.Anbalagan

7. PRIMORDIAL FOLLICLE
• Primordial germ cells migrate
from yolk sac
• Arranged as primordial follicles
• 5th IUL– 6 million primordial
follicles
• At birth- 2 million follicles
• Puberty- 40,000 follicles
• 400 follicles mature in
reproductive cycle
Prof.J.Anbalagan

8. Growth of ovarian follicles
• PRIMARY FOLLICLES
– Oocyte with prominent
nucleus and nucleolus
– Zona pellucida appears
(glycoprotein)
– Surrounded by
cuboid/columnar
granulose cells
Zona pellucida
Prof.J.Anbalagan

9. Secondary follicle
• Increase in Oocyte size
• Granulosa cells becomes
multilayered
• Surrounded by stromal
cells-
– Theca interna
– Theca externa
Prof.J.Anbalagan

10. Antral follicle
• Appearance of spaces
between granulosa
cells
• Fluid accumulation
• Few cell adhere to
ovum-
– cumulus oophorus
Prof.J.Anbalagan

11. Mature Graafian follicle
• Fluid amount increases
• Ovum pushed to one side
• Surrounded by cumulus oophorus
• External follicle surrounded by
theca interna and theca externa
• Increased intra follicular pressure
• Follicle ruptures
• Ovulation
• Secondary oocyte in prophase
stage
Prof.J.Anbalagan

12. Mature Graafian follicle
Prof.J.Anbalagan

13. Corpus luteum
• After ovulation
• Follicular cells collapses
• Invaded by blood vessels
• Follicular cells become polyhedral
• Accumulates lipid vacuoles, yellow
pigments
• Corpus luteum of menstruation- 10-12
days
• Corpus luteum of pregnancy- 4 months
• Corpus luteum albican- after involution
Prof.J.Anbalagan

14. Corpus luteum
Prof.J.Anbalagan

15. Atretic follicles
• Number of follicles
undergoes maturation
• One succeeds
• Remaining degenerates
• Atretic stage occurs in all
stages of maturation
• Ovum dies and fibrous tissue
grows into the follicle
Prof.J.Anbalagan

16. FALLOPIAN TUBE
Prof.J.Anbalagan

17. FALLOPIAN TUBE
• Mucous membrane
thrown into folds
• Each fold shows core of
lamina propria
• Folds shows primary,
secondary and tertiary
branches
Prof.J.Anbalagan

18. • Lined by columnar
epithelium
• Ciliated
• non ciliated cells
(secretory)
• Muscular layer-circular
+ longitudinal
• Serosa – highly
vascular
Prof.J.Anbalagan

19. VAGINA
• Tubular organ
• Mucous
• muscular layer
• tunica adventitia
• Connective tissue (elastic
fibers) and blood vessels
Prof.J.Anbalagan

20. VAGINA
• Mucous membrane
– Lamina propria-dense with
elastic fibers, lymphatic
nodules
– Stratified squamous non
keratinized epithelium
– Superficial cells rich in
glycogen
• Sub mucosa with connective
tissue and blood vessels
• Intermingled longitudinal and
circular muscle
Prof.J.Anbalagan

21. MEDULLA
CORTEX
OVARY
Prof.J.Anbalagan

22. pf
GF
Prof.J.Anbalagan

23. VASCULAR SEROSA MUSCLULAR
LAYER
Prof.J.Anbalagan

24. VAGINA
Stratified non keratinized
Lamina propria
Prof.J.Anbalagan

25. • Draw a labeled diagram
showing the histological
features of
– Ovary
– Fallopian tube
• Name the coverings of
ovary
• Discuss the functions of
corpus luteum
• Discuss the different
stages of ovarian follicle
Prof.J.Anbalagan

26. Prof.J.Anbalagan