This document summarizes a presentation on disaster management types of risks and devastations. It begins with definitions of disaster, hazard, and vulnerability. It then describes two types of disasters: natural disasters caused by forces of nature and man-made disasters caused by technological or human factors. The document uses the Philippines as a case study, noting that it is prone to disasters like typhoons due to its geography as an archipelago. Statistics on storms from 2009-2013 that caused deaths, injuries, missing persons, damage costs, and affected families are provided. The document concludes by discussing how the Philippines is working to address challenges of disasters and climate change through initiatives like Project NOAH that use science and technology for disaster risk reduction.

1. PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY
Graduate School
Urdaneta City Campus
DM 215 Management of Change and Transition
Disaster Management:
Types of Risks and Devastations
Prepared by:
Michael John D. Sison
Presented to:
Meliton G. Dassun, DPA (Professor)

2. Topics at glance…
i. Definition
ii. Types of Disasters
and Devastations
iii. Disaster-Prone
Country: The case of
the Philippines
iv. Synthesis
Image credit: Rainier Valley Rotary Club, 2013

3. i. Definition
What is a disaster?
A disaster is a natural or man-made (or technological) hazard resulting
in an event of substantial extent causing significant physical damage or
destruction, loss of life, or drastic change to the environment.
Also, a disaster can be extensively defined as any tragic event
stemming from events such as earthquakes, floods, catastrophic
accidents, fires, or explosions. It is a phenomenon that can cause
damage to life and property and destroy the economic, social and
cultural life of people (Urdaneta CDRRMO).
Image credit: Urdaneta
CDRRMO

4. i. Definition
What does vulnerability
means?
Vulnerability is defined as: “The conditions determined by
physical, social, economic, and environmental factors or
processes, which increase the susceptibility of a community to
the impact of hazards” (UN/ISDR, Geneva 2004 as cited by
UN/ISDR).
Image credit: Urdaneta
CDRRMO

5. i. Definition
What does hazard means?
Hazard is defined as: “A potentially damaging physical event,
phenomenon or human activity that may cause the loss of life or
injury, property damage, social and economic disruption or
environmental degradation. Hazards can include latent conditions
that may represent future threats and can have different origins:
natural (geological, hydrometeorological and biological) or induced by
human processes (environmental degradation and technological
hazards)” (UN/ISDR, Geneva 2004 as cited by UN/ISDR).
Image credit: Urdaneta
CDRRMO

6. ii. Types of Disasters and
Devastations
Image credit: Urdaneta
CDRRMO
Disaster
Natural
Disaster
Man-made
Disaster
Image credit: Urdaneta
CDRRMO

7. ii. a. Disasters caused by forces of
nature
Source: Disasters in the Philippines,
OCD

8. ii. b. Disasters caused by man
Man-made disasters are the consequence of technological or human hazards.
Man-made disasters are examples of specific cases where man-made hazards have
become reality in an event (Urdaneta CDRRMO).
Source: Urdaneta
CDRRMO
Transport accidents
• Road accidents
• Maritime accidents,
shipwrecks
• Aircraft accidents
Industrial disaster
• Bridge or dam failure
• Oil spill
• Tower collapses
Health
• Atomic bombings/nuclear
tests
• Epidemic
• Wars/riots

9. iii. Disaster-prone country: The case of the
Philippines
Source: Disasters in the Philippines,
OCD

10. iii. Disaster-prone country: The case of the
Philippines
Source: http://globalnation.inquirer.net/14987/philippines-ranks-third-on-climate-change-vulnerability-list

11. iii. Disaster-prone country: The case of the
Philippines
1 Archipelago
7, 100 islands
*20 typhoons/year
* Average (Source: PAGASA)

12. iii. Disaster-prone country: The case of the
Philippines
Philippines’ worst Storms from September 2009 to August 2013 which were:
Source: Inquirer.net
2009
• Ondoy
• Pepeng
2010
• Basyang
• Juan
2011
• Bebeng
• Falcon
• Juaning
• Sendong
2012
• Gener
• Hanging Habagat
• Helen
• Pablo
• Quinta
2013
• Crising
• Gorio
• Labuyo
• Maring

13. iii. Disaster-prone country: The case of the
Philippines
Philippines’ worst Storms from September 2009 to August 2013:
10, 640
1, 223
3, 643
INJUR
ED
MISSIN
G
DEATH
S
Source: Inquirer.net

14. iii. Disaster-prone country: The case of the
Philippines
Philippines’ worst Storms from September 2009 to August 2013:
Cost of damages:
P 64, 814, 424,
000.00 Source: Inquirer.net

15. iii. Disaster-prone country: The case of the
Philippines
Philippines’ worst Storms from September 2009 to August 2013:
Number of families affected: 3, 469, 898
• Or
Number of persons affected: 19, 798, 840
• Source: Inquirer.net

16. iv. Synthesis
How does the country cope with the
challenges of disasters and climate
change?
(Image
credit:http://4.bp.blogspot.com)

17. Vision SUCCESS!
Statement
“what we want to
become?”
Mission
Statement
“who we are What we
value?”
Goals &
Objectives
“How we measure our
degree of success?”
Strategy
“how we will achieve
our vision?”
Policies &
Procedures
“what, how, and when
an action should be
done?”
Communicating Purpose to Stakeholders
(Source: Bitonio, 2011)
- Realization of Vision
and Mission;
- Attainment of Goals
and Objectives; and
- Effective and
efficient application
of Strategy and
adherence to
Policies and
Procedures
iv. Synthesis: Revisiting VMOG

18. iv. Synthesis: Vision
(Source: Smarter Philippines, 2014)

19. iv. Synthesis: Mission
(Source: Smarter Philippines, 2014)
PNoy’s
Administration
Mission!

20. iv. Synthesis: Goals and
Objectives
Goals and Objectives
(Source: National Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Plan (NDRRMP), 2011)

21. iv. Synthesis: Strategy
(Source: Smarter Philippines, 2014)

22. iv. Synthesis: Policy
Policy!
(Source: Smarter Philippines, 2014)

23. iv. Synthesis: Procedure (Or Action
Program)
Project NOAH is the
Department of Science and
Technology’s (DOST)
response to the call of
President Benigno S. Aquino
III for a more accurate,
integrated, and responsive
disaster prevention and
mitigation system, especially
in high-risk areas throughout
the Philippines
(http://www.gov.ph/about-project-
noah/).

24. iv. Synthesis: Philippines, disasters, and climate
change
The Philippines is rising against the challenges of Climate
Cha“nPgarea. naman po sa paghahanda sa kalamidad: Ang layunin nating
magpanday ng mga mekanismo upang mailayo sa peligro ang Pilipino:
natupad na rin po. Nariyan po ang epektibong serbisyong bunsod ng
pagsasanib-puwersa ng Geohazard Mapping and Assessment Program at
Project NOAH (Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards) naman ng
DOST (Department of Science and Technology).”
- President Benigno Aquino III
4th State of the Nation Address

25. Question: S&T for DRR?
1970’s Disaster
Prevention
1980’s Disaster
Mitigation
Now: Disaster Risk
Reduction
e.g. RA 10121 or the
Philippine Disaster
Risk Reduction and
Management Act of
2010
Embracing:
*S & T for
Disaster Risk
Reduction
e.g. Project
NOAH
(Lagmay, 2013)
(Source: Magante & Almase, 2013) * Science and Technology

26. iv. Synthesis: S & T for Disaster Risk
Reduction
Project NOAH
(Lagmay, 2013)
* Science and Technology

27. iv. Synthesis: S & T for Disaster Risk
Reduction
* Science and Technology

28. Reference:
READ MORE:
A. Web
Alave, Kristine L. Philippines ranks third on climate change vulnerability list. Philippine Daily Inquirer. http://globalnation.inquirer.net/14987/philippines-ranks-
third-on-climate-change-vulnerability-list#ixzz3BeFIuR4R October 10th, 2011 Retrieved August 28, 2014
Aquino, Benigno III. Fourth State of the Nation Address. http://www.gov.ph/2013/07/22/benigno-s-aquino-iii-fourth-state-of-the-nation-address-july-22-
2013/
Bitonio, Josefina. Policy Development: A Lecture-presentation for Goodminds Empowerment & Training Specialists and Advocacy Cooperative
http://www.slideshare.net/coopjbb1/policy-devt-feb-26th?utm_source=slideshow&utm_medium=ssemail&utm_campaign=download_notificatio Nov. 22,
2011 Retrieved August 09, 2014
Bitonio, Josefina. Policy Formulation. http://www.slideshare.net/jobitonio/what-is-a-policy?
utm_source=slideshow&utm_medium=ssemail&utm_campaign=download_notificatio Nov. 22, 2011 Retrieved August 09, 2014
Melchor III, Alejandro. Inclusive Growth Through a Smarter Philippines! http://www.slideshare.net/budmelchor/inclusive-growth-through-a-smarter-philippines#
btnNext Feb. 18, 2014 Accessed July 30, 2014
_________________. About Project NOAH. http://www.gov.ph/about-project-noah/ July 06, 2012
 _________________. A Social Contract with the Filipino People. http://www.gov.ph/about/gov/exec/bsaiii/platform-of-government/ July 25, 2010

29. Reference:
B. PDF
 Carrera, Arloyd P. & Sumajit, Maribeth R. Policy Formulation. Slideshare
 Lagmay, Alfredo Mahar Francisco A. Project NOAH S & T for Disaster Risk Reduction 2013
 Magante, Gee Lyn, M. and Almase, Ananda Devi, D. Revisiting Disaster Management Policy in the Philippines: Some Issues and Concerns in NDCP
Policy Brief (A Publication Series on National Security Issues by the National Defense College of the Philippines) April 30, 2013
 _____________________. National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan (NDRRMP) 2011‐2028 http://www.slideshare.net/tudlo/national-disaster-
riask-reduction-and-management-plan?qid=91b7071e-8116-4c12-8a4d-c3dc6c63f2f8&v=default&b=&from_search=8# April 13, 2014
Retrieved August 12, 2014
 ______________________. Smarter Philippines. Department of Science and Technology June 02, 2014
C. Infographics
 De Jesus, Julliane (Researcher) & Diamat, Mark (GFX) Philippines’ Worst Storms Since 2009. Inquirer.net
NOTE: Slides 18 to 27 were author’s own analysis, with reference to slide 27.
Disclaimer:
The author claims no copyright ownership of all the photos or graphics used in this presentation and thanks all of those
photographers/graphic artists who shared and published them thru internet.

30. Be informed. Be ready. Have faith.
thank you.