Building and deploying PHP applications with Phing

Building and deploying PHP applications
with Phing

Michiel Rook

PHP UK Conference 2012

About me

• Freelance PHP & Java contractor / consultant

• PHP since ’99

• Phing project lead

• http://www.linkedin.com/in/michieltcs

• @michieltcs

Building and deploying PHP applications with Phing

This Talk

• Why use a build tool

• What is Phing

• Usage

• Various examples

• Extending Phing


Why Use A Build Tool

Repetition
http://www.flickr.com/photos/andrewmalone/5162632817/


Repetition

• We are human

• We get bored

• We forget things

• We make mistakes


Repetition

• Version control

• (Unit) Testing

• Conﬁguring

• Packaging

• Uploading

• DB changes

• ...


Repetition

• Version control

• (Unit) Testing

• Conﬁguring

• Packaging

• Uploading

• DB changes

• ...

• Boring!


Why Use A Build Tool

Automate!
http://www.flickr.com/photos/patrick_h/6209981673/


Automate!

• Developers, testers, administrators...

• Easier handover to new team members

• Improves quality

• Reduces errors

• Saves time

• Consolidate scripts, reduce technical debt


What Is Phing

http://www.flickr.com/photos/canucksfan604/5471322484/


What Is Phing

• PHing Is Not GNU make; it’s a PHP project build system or build tool
based on Apache Ant.

• Originally developed by Binarycloud

• Ported to PHP5 by Hans Lellelid

• 2004: my ﬁrst commit

• 2009: lead


What Can Phing Do

• Scripting using XML build ﬁles

• Human readable

• Mostly cross-platform

• Minimal dependencies

• Interface to various popular (PHP) tools


What Can Phing Do

• Scripting using XML build ﬁles

• Human readable

• Mostly cross-platform

• Minimal dependencies

• Interface to various popular (PHP) tools

• ”Good glue”


What Can Phing Do


Why Use Phing

• Ant?

• Rich set of tasks

• Integration with PHP speciﬁc tools

• Allows you to stay in the PHP infrastructure

• Easy to extend

• Embed PHP code directly in the build ﬁle


Installing Phing

• PEAR installation

$ pear channel-discover pear.phing.info
$ pear install [--alldeps] phing/phing

• Optionally, install the documentation package

$ pear install phing/phingdocs


Build Files

• Phing uses XML build ﬁles

• Contain standard elements

• Task: code that performs a speciﬁc function (svn checkout,
mkdir, etc.)
• Target: groups of tasks, can optionally depend on other targets
• Project: root node, contains multiple targets


Example Build File

<project name="Example" default="world">
<target name="hello">
<echo>Hello</echo>
</target>

<target name="world" depends="hello">
<echo>World!</echo>
</target>
</project>

Buildfile: /home/michiel/phing/simple.xml

Example > hello:

[echo] Hello

Example > world:

[echo] World!

BUILD FINISHED


Properties

• Simple key-value ﬁles (.ini)

## build.properties
version=1.0

• Can be expanded by using ${key} in the build ﬁle

$ phing -propertyfile build.properties ...

<project name="Example" default="default">
<target name="default">
<property file="build.properties" />

<echo>${version}</echo>
</target>
</project>


Filesets

• Constructs a group of ﬁles to process

• Supported by most tasks

<fileset dir="./application" includes="**"/>

<fileset dir="./application">
<include name="**/*.php" />
<exclude name="**/*Test.php" />
</fileset>

• References: deﬁne once, use many

<fileset dir="./application" includes="**" id="files"/>

<fileset refid="files"/>


Filesets

• Selectors allow ﬁne-grained matching on certain attributes

• contains, date, ﬁle name & size, ...

<fileset dir="${dist}">
<and>
<filename name="**"/>
<date datetime="01/01/2011" when="before"/>
</and>
</fileset>


Mappers & Filters

• Transform ﬁles during copy/move/...

• Mappers

• Change ﬁlename
• Flatten directories

• Filters

• Strip comments, white space
• Replace values
• Perform XSLT transformation
• Translation (i18n)


Mappers & Filters

<copy todir="${build}">
<mapper type="glob" from="*.txt" to="*.new.txt"/>
<filterchain>
<replaceregexp>
<regexp pattern="rn" replace="n"/>
<expandproperties/>
</replaceregexp>
</filterchain>
</copy>


Examples

• Version control

• Unit testing

• Packaging

• Deployment

• Database migration

• Continuous integration


Version Control

• (CVS), SVN, Git

<svncopy
username="michiel"
password="test"
repositoryurl="svn://localhost/phing/trunk/"
todir="svn://localhost/phing/tags/1.0"/>

<svnexport
repositoryurl="svn://localhost/project/trunk/"
todir="/home/michiel/dev"/>

<svnlastrevision
repositoryurl="svn://localhost/project/trunk/"
propertyname="lastrev"/>
<echo>Last revision: ${lastrev}</echo>


PHPUnit

• Built-in support for most conﬁguration options

• Gathers code coverage information

• Various output formats (JUnit / Clover)

• Reporting (JUnit style)


PHPUnit Example

• Stop the build when a test fails

<phpunit haltonfailure="true" haltonerror="true"
bootstrap="my_bootstrap.php" printsummary="true">
<batchtest>
<fileset dir="src">
<include name="**/*Test.php"/>
</fileset>
</batchtest>
</phpunit>

Buildfile: /home/michiel/phpunit/build.xml

Demo > test:

[phpunit] Total tests run: 1, Failures: 1, Errors: 0,
Incomplete: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.00591 s
Execution of target "test" failed for the following reason:
/home/michiel/phpunit/build.xml:3:44: Test FAILURE (testSayHello in
class HelloWorldTest): Failed asserting that two strings are equal.


PHPUnit Example

• Determine which ﬁles to include in the coverage report

<coverage-setup database="reports/coverage.db">
<fileset dir="src">
<include name="**/*.php"/>
<exclude name="**/*Test.php"/>
</fileset>
</coverage-setup>

• Gather code coverage and other data during the test run

<phpunit codecoverage="true">
<formatter type="xml" todir="reports"/>
<batchtest>
<fileset dir="src">
<include name="**/*Test.php"/>
</fileset>
</batchtest>
</phpunit>


PHPUnit Example

• Generate some reports

<phpunitreport infile="reports/testsuites.xml"
format="frames" todir="reports/tests"/>
<coverage-report outfile="reports/coverage.xml">
<report todir="reports/coverage" title="Demo"/>
</coverage-report>


Documentation

• Phing currently integrates with popular documentation tools

• DocBlox
• PhpDocumentor
• ApiGen

• Also supports r(e)ST (reStructuredText)

<docblox title="Phing API Documentation"
output="docs" quiet="true">
<fileset dir="../../classes">
<include name="**/*.php"/>
</fileset>
</docblox>


DocBlox


Packaging

• Create bundles or packages

• Phing supports most popular formats: tar (pear), zip, phar

<pearpkg name="demo" dir=".">

<option name="outputdirectory" value="./build"/>
<option name="description">Test package</option>
<option name="version" value="0.1.0"/>
<option name="state" value="beta"/>

<mapping name="maintainers">
<element>
<element key="handle" value="test"/>
<element key="name" value="Test"/>
<element key="email" value="test@test.nl"/>
<element key="role" value="lead"/>
</element>
</mapping>
</pearpkg>


Packaging - TAR / ZIP

<tar compression="gzip" destFile="package.tgz"
basedir="build"/>

<zip destfile="htmlfiles.zip">
<fileset dir=".">
<include name="**/*.html"/>
</fileset>
</zip>


Packaging - PHAR

<pharpackage
compression="gzip"
destfile="test.phar"
stub="stub.php"
basedir=".">
<fileset dir="hello">
<include name="**/**" />
</fileset>
<metadata>
<element name="version" value="1.0" />
<element name="authors">
<element name="John Doe">
<element name="e-mail"
value="john@example.com" />
</element>
</element>
</metadata>
</pharpackage>


Putting it all together - deployments

Copying to a server

• SSH

<scp username="john" password="smith"
host="webserver" todir="/www/htdocs/project/">
<fileset dir="test">
<include name="*.html"/>
</fileset>
</scp>

• FTP

<ftpdeploy
host="server01"
username="john"
password="smit"
dir="/var/www">
<fileset dir=".">
<include name="*.html"/>
</fileset>
</ftpdeploy>


Symbolic links

• All releases stored in ”backup” directory

• Symlink application directory to latest release (similar to Capistrano)

• Allows for easy (code) rollbacks

<svnlastrevision repositoryurl="${deploy.svn}"
property="deploy.rev"/>

<svnexport repositoryurl="${deploy.svn}"
todir="/www/releases/build-${deploy.rev}"/>

<symlink target="/www/releases/build-${deploy.rev}"
link="/www/current"/>

• Also on a remote server

<ssh host="webserver" command="ln -s
/www/releases/build-${deploy.rev} /www/current"/>


Multiple servers / targets

• Several deployment targets: testing, staging, production, ...

• Keep one property ﬁle per target

• Select property ﬁle based on input

<input propertyname="env"
validargs="testing,staging,production">
Enter environment name
</input>

<property file="${env}.properties"/>

<ssh host="${deploy.host}" command="..."/>


Database Migration

• Set of delta SQL ﬁles (1-create-post.sql)

• Tracks current version of your db in changelog table

• Generates do and undo SQL ﬁles

CREATE TABLE changelog (
change_number BIGINT NOT NULL,
delta_set VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
start_dt TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
complete_dt TIMESTAMP NULL,
applied_by VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
description VARCHAR(500) NOT NULL
)


Database Migration

• Delta scripts with do (up) & undo (down) parts

--//

CREATE TABLE ‘post‘ (
‘title‘ VARCHAR(255),
‘time_created‘ DATETIME,
‘content‘ MEDIUMTEXT
);

--//@UNDO

DROP TABLE ‘post‘;

--//


Database Migration

<dbdeploy
url="sqlite:test.db"
dir="deltas"
outputfile="deploy.sql"
undooutputfile="undo.sql"/>

<pdosqlexec
src="deploy.sql"
url="sqlite:test.db"/>

Buildfile: /home/michiel/dbdeploy/build.xml

Demo > migrate:

[dbdeploy] Getting applied changed numbers from DB:
mysql:host=localhost;dbname=demo
[dbdeploy] Current db revision: 0
[dbdeploy] Checkall:
[pdosqlexec] Executing file: /home/michiel/dbdeploy/deploy.sql
[pdosqlexec] 3 of 3 SQL statements executed successfully

BUILD FINISHED


Database Migration

-- Fragment begins: 1 --
INSERT INTO changelog
(change_number, delta_set, start_dt, applied_by, description)
VALUES (1, ’Main’, NOW(), ’dbdeploy’,
’1-create_initial_schema.sql’);
--//

CREATE TABLE ‘post‘ (
‘title‘ VARCHAR(255),
‘time_created‘ DATETIME,
‘content‘ MEDIUMTEXT
);

UPDATE changelog
SET complete_dt = NOW()
WHERE change_number = 1
AND delta_set = ’Main’;
-- Fragment ends: 1 --


Database Migration

-- Fragment begins: 1 --

DROP TABLE ‘post‘;

--//

DELETE FROM changelog
WHERE change_number = 1
AND delta_set = ’Main’;
-- Fragment ends: 1 --


Phing & Jenkins

• Continuous integration

• Phing plugin

• Build periodically or after each commit

• Verify and test the build

• Deploy results


Phing & Jenkins


Extending Phing

• Numerous extension points

• Tasks
• Types
• Selectors
• Filters
• Mappers
• Loggers
• ...


Sample Task

• Extends from Task

• Contains main() method and optionally init()

• Setter method for each attribute in the build ﬁle

class SampleTask extends Task
{
private $var;

public function setVar($v)
{
$this->var = $v;
}

public function main()
{
$this->log("value: " . $this->var);
}
}


Sample Task

• Use taskdef to make Phing aware of your new task

<project name="Example" default="default">
<taskdef name="sample"
classpath="/dev/src"
classname="tasks.my.SampleTask" />

<target name="default">
<sample var="Hello World" />
</target>
</project>


Ad Hoc Extension

• Deﬁne a task within your build ﬁle

<target name="main">
<adhoc-task name="foo"><![CDATA[
class FooTest extends Task {
private $bar;

function setBar($bar) {
$this->bar = $bar;
}

function main() {
$this->log("In FooTest: " . $this->bar);
}
}
]]></adhoc-task>
<foo bar="TEST"/>
</target>


Future Improvements

• More tasks & support

• Better performance

• PHAR package (including popular dependencies)

• More documentation

• Increased test coverage

• IDE support


Future Improvements

• More tasks & support

• Better performance

• PHAR package (including popular dependencies)

• More documentation

• Increased test coverage

• IDE support

• Pull requests! :-)


Helpful Links

• http://pear.php.net/

• http://www.docblox-project.org/

• http://www.dbdeploy.com/

• http://www.jenkins-ci.org/

• http://www.phing.info/docs/guide/stable/

• http://github.com/phingofficial/phing


Questions?

http://joind.in/4954

http://www.phing.info

#phing (freenode)

@phingofﬁcial

Thank you!


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