JJUG CCC 2018 Spring - I-7 (俺が)はじめての Netty
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JJUG CCC 2018 Spring I-7 (俺が)はじめての Netty 初心者向けに Netty を紹介したセッションの資料です 事前に公開していた資料に若干加筆してあります 事前公開していた資料(https://www.slideshare.net/mikeneck/nettyjjug-ccc-2018-spring-jjugccc-ccci7)
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JJUG CCC 2018 Spring - I-7 (俺が)はじめての Netty
- 1. ( ) Netty JJUG CCC 2018 Spring #jjug #ccc_i7 @mike_neck
- 3. Netty
- 5. 1.Netty 2.Java API Netty 1.OIO(Old Blocking I/O) 2.NIO(Non-blocking I/O) 3.Netty 3.Netty 4.Netty 5.
- 6. • I/O(Input/Output) I/O I/O • • Netty Netty • •Java : java version “10” 2018-03-20 •Netty : 4.1.24.Final
- 7. 1. Netty
- 10. Netty (3) •blocking I/O non- blocking I/O • •
- 11. Norman Maurer in Netty in Action 2016 Our primary goal has been to make Netty accessible to the broadest range of developers.
- 13. Java API I/O(1) •JDK 1.0 java.net API •accept / read / write API • (block) • OIO (Old blocking I/O)
- 14. Java API I/O(2) •Java 1.4 java.nio.channels API •select( epoll/kqueue) API • • NIO(New Non-blocking I/O)
- 15. 2-1. OIO (Old blocking I/ O) Java API Netty
- 16. OIO Echo 1. 2. (accept) 3. (read) 4. 5. (write) 6.
- 17. OIO Echo class EchoServer { public static void main(String[] args) { var serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8000); //(1) while(true) { Socket socket = serverSocket.accept(); // (2) var reader = toBufferedReader(socket.getInputStream()); var writer = toPrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream()); String line = reader.readLine(); // (3) System.out.println(line); // (4) writer.println(line); // (5) socket.close(); // (6) } } }
- 26. read/write ExecutorService exec = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(THREAD_NUM); var serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8000); //(1) while(true) { Socket socket = serverSocket.accept(); // (2) exec.submit(() -> { var reader = toBufferedReader(socket.getInputStream()); var writer = toPrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream()); String line = reader.readLine(); // (3) System.out.println(line); //(3) writer.println(line); // (4) socket.close(); }); }
- 27. OIO Echo (?) Thread Socket App Thread Socket App Thread Socket App
- 29. Thread … Thread Socket App Thread Socket App Executor Queue Socket App Socket App Socket App Executor =
- 30. Thread … Thread Socket App Thread Socket App Executor Queue Socket App Socket App Socket App read / write Thread Socket App
- 31. … Thread Socket App Thread Socket App Executor Queue Socket App Socket App Socket App Socket App
- 32. OIO • ( ) • read/write/close • read/write ( ) • /CPU
- 33. 2-2. NIO (Non-blocking I/ O) Java API Netty
- 34. OIO(blocking ) … • NIO (select ) • I/O ( I/O ) • I/O (accept /read /write ) ( )
- 35. NIO Echo 1. ( ) I/O (OP_ACCEPT/OP_READ/ OP_WRITE) 2. 3. OP_ACCEPT (OP_READ) 4. OP_READ (OP_WRITE) 5. OP_WRITE (OP_WRITE)
- 36. I/O •Selector 4 •OP_READ - Channel •OP_WRITE - Channel •OP_CONNECT - Channel ( ) •OP_ACCEPT - ServerSocketChannel ( ) ( listen )
- 37. class EchoServer { public static void main(String[] args) { var channel = ServerSocketChannel.open(); channel.setOption(SO_REUSEADDR, true); channel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(PORT)); channel.configureBlocking(false); var selector = Selector.open(); channel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT); runLoop(selector); }
- 38. void runLoop(Selector selector) { while(true) { selector.select(); Set<SelectionKey> selectionKeys = selector.selectedKeys(); for (var key: selectionKeys) { if (key.isAcceptable()) accept(key, selector); if (key.isReadable()) read(key); if (key.isWritable()) write(key); selectionKeys.remove(key); } }
- 39. OP_ACCEPT void access(SelectionKey key, Selector selector) { var serverSocketChannel = (ServerSocketChannel) key.channel(); SocketChannel channel = serverSocketChannel.accept(); channel.configureBlocking(false); channel.register( selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ, ByteBuffer.allocate(1024)); } OP_READ
- 40. OP_READ void read(SelectionKey key) { SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel; var buf = (ByteBuffer) key.attachment(); int size = channel.read(buf); var bytes = new byte[size]; buf.flip().get(bytes); buf.clear(); buf.put(handleMessage(bytes)); // read 1 key.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_WRITE); } OP_WRITE
- 41. OP_WRITE void write(SelectionKey key) { SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel; var buf = ((ByteBuffer) key.attachment()).flip(); channel.write(buf); buf.compact(); if (buf.position() > 0) { // NW 1 key.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_WRITE); } else { buf.clear(); channel.close(); } }
- 45. NIO Echo Selector ServerSocketChannel accept SocketChannel OP_READ Selector SocketChannel OP_ACCEPT OP_READ accept
- 46. NIO Echo Selector ServerSocketChannel Selector#select I/O SocketChannel OP_ACCEPT OP_READ select
- 49. NIO Echo Selector ServerSocketChannel Socket Channel OP_WRITE Selector SocketChannel OP_ACCEPT Application OP_WRITE ByteBuffer
- 50. NIO Echo Selector ServerSocketChannel Selector#select Socket writability SocketChannel OP_ACCEPT Application OP_WRITE ByteBuffer select
- 54. NIO Selector read/write SocketChannel App select OP_WRITE SocketChannel App SocketChannel App OP_READ OP_READ
- 55. NIO • • 1 • ByteBuffer •OIO NIO
- 57. … API
- 59. 2-3. Netty Java API Netty
- 60. Netty Echo 1. ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter 2. 1. ChannelPipeline 3. 2. Bootstrap
- 61. 1. ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter class EchoHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter { @Override public void channelRead( ChannelContext ctx, Object msg) { var buf = (ByteBuf) msg; String message = buf.toString(UTF_8); ByteBuf res = ctx.alloc().buffer(); res.writeCharSequence(message, UTF_8); ctx.writeAndFlush(res); } } channelRead OP_READ byte[] String ByteBuf Netty
- 62. 2. EchoHandler ChannelPipeline class InitHandler extends ChannelInitializer<Channel> { @Override protected void initChannel(Channel ch) { ch.pipeline() .addLast(new EchoHandler()); } } ChannelPipeline 1
- 63. 3. ServerBootstrap class EchoServer { public static void main(String[] args) { var parent = new NioEventLoopGroup(); var child = new NioEventLoopGroup(); var bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap(); bootstrap.group(parent, child) .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) .localAddress(8000) .childHandler(new InitHandler()); ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.bind().sync(); future.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } } ServerBootstrap blocking I/O NIO
- 64. 3. ServerBootstrap class EchoServer { public static void main(String[] args) { var parent = new NioEventLoopGroup(); var child = new NioEventLoopGroup(); var bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap(); bootstrap.group(parent, child) .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) .localAddress(8000) .childHandler(new InitHandler()); ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.bind().sync(); future.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } } Netty …
- 65. 3. Netty
- 68. Channel • (SocketChannel) (ServerSocketChannel) • I/O (accept/bind/ connect/read/write)
- 69. Channel NioServerSocketChannel Channel ServerSocketChannel SocketChannel NioSocketChannel extends extends implements implements (accept) Channel Channel(read/write/close/connect)
- 71. ChannelFuture •NIO non-blocking API I/O •Netty Future(ChannelFuture) • (write/close) ChannelFutureListener ChannelFuture
- 75. ChannelFuture Channel (1)1 write ChannelFuture (2) return write write 1 2 (4) or (3) I/O write
- 76. ChannelFuture Channel (1)1 write ChannelFuture (2) return write write 1 2 (4) or (3) I/O write ChannelFutureListener (5)
- 78. ChannelHandler •ChannelHandler SocketChannel (OP_READ/OP_WRITE) • TCP/UDP (HTTP/WebSocket/SSL) • ChannelHandler •ChannelHandler I/O •ChannelInboundHandler : I/O (read) •ChannelOutboundHandler : I/O (write)
- 79. ChannelPipeline •ChannelPipeline 1 Channel 1 •Channel •ChannelHandlerContext ChannelHandler •ChannelPipeline Channel ChannelHandler
- 82. Channel ChannelPipeline Channel Inbound Outbound Channel EventLoopGroup 1 EventLoop Inbound Outbound Inbound EventLoop
- 85. ChannelInboundHandler channelRegistered accept Channel EventLoop channelRead OP_READ -> (1 ) channelReadComplete (channelRead) exceptionCaught
- 91. ChannelInboundHandler ChannelInboundHandler String byte[] ChannelInboundHandler byte[] ChannelHandlerContext fireChannelRead String channelRead Method: POST Path: /api/users Content-Type: x-www- form-urlencoded name=Tom String channelRead channelRead channelReadComplete
- 93. ChannelPipeline ChannelHandler •ChannelHandler •ChannelInboundHandler head tail •ChannelOutboundHandler tail head •ChannelHandler ChannelHandlerContext ChannelHandler ChannelHandler
- 94. ChannelPipeline ChannelHandler ChannelPipeline (1) ChannelInboundHandler (3) ChannelInboundHandler (2) ChannelOutboundHandler (4) ChannelOutboundHandler H T ChannelInboundHandler (1) -> (3) ChannelOutboundHandler (2) <- (4)
- 95. ChannelHandlerContext ChannelPipeline Inbound Inbound Outbound Outbound H T Context Context Context Context fireRead Tail ChannelInboundHandler
- 96. ChannelHandlerContext ChannelPipeline Inbound Inbound Outbound Outbound H T Context Context Context Context write Head ChannelOutboundHandler
- 98. EventLoop •EventLoop 1 Thread Channel •EventLoop EventLoopGroup • 2 EventLoopGroup • 1 EventLoopGroup • EventLoop Selector ChannelPipeline
- 102. EventLoop •EventLoop 1 Channel •ChannelHandler EventLoop Channel Netty • 1 Thread Channel ThreadLocal
- 104. ByteBuf •ByteBuf Java ByteBuffer byte •Java ByteBuffer 1 ByteBuf / • ByteBuffer 1 ByteBuffer ( ) CompositeByteBuf ByteBuf 1 ByteBuf
- 105. ByteBuffer position limit / byte / byte ( ) byte capacity
- 107. ByteBuffer ByteBuffer first = … ByteBuffer second = … var byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate( first.remaining(), second.remaining()); byteBuffer.put(first); byteBuffer.put(second); byteBuffer.flip();
- 108. ByteBuffer ByteBuffer contents1 ByteBuffer contents2 ByteBuffer contents1 contents2 (1) ByteBuffer (2) ByteBuffer
- 109. ByteBuf ByteBuf first = … ByteBuf second = … var byteBuf = Unpooled.compositeBuffer(); byteBuf.addComponents(true, first, second);
- 111. CompositeByteBuf ByteBuf or channelRead 1. channelRead 2. channelRead 3. channelRead channelReadComplete fireChannelRead
- 113. Bootstrap • • or •Bootstrap • ( ) •Channel •EventLoopGroup • or
- 114. Bootstrap • or • ServerBootstrap • Bootstrap
- 115. ( ) • / Channel EventLoop • •TCP - •UDP - •SCTP - • •OIO - (Java I/O ) •NIO - (select epoll kqueue) •epoll - (edge trigger/ Linux OS ) •kqueue - BSD OS
- 116. ( ) •Channel • /TCP/NIO : NioServerSocketChannel • /TCP/NIO : NioSocketChannel • /TCP/epoll : EpollServerSocketChannel •EventLoop • /NIO : NioEventLoopGroup x 2 • /OIO : OioEventLoopGroup x 1 • /epoll : EpollEventLoopGroup x 2
- 117. ServerBootstrap ( ) class EchoServer { public static void main(String[] args) { var parent = new NioEventLoopGroup(); var child = new NioEventLoopGroup(); var bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap(); bootstrap.group(parent, child) .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) .localAddress(8000) .childHandler(new InitHandler()); ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.bind().sync(); future.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } }
- 118. 4. Netty
- 119. HTTP
- 120. SimpleChannelInboundHandler class HttpEchoHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<HttpRequest> { @Override protected void channelRead0( ChannelHandlerContext ctx, HttpRequest req) { // } }
- 122. Initializer class HttpEchoInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> { @Override public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) { ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline(); pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec()); pipeline.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(65535)); pipeline.addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler()); pipeline.addLast(new HttpEchoHandler()); } }
- 123. • Netty •HTTP POST Body •HTTP Real World HTTP • 1 / •
- 124. 5.
- 125. • Netty OIO NIO • Netty NIO • Netty / / ( ) • Spring WebFlux/Play-Akka
- 126. •Netty In Action •Norman Maurer/Marvin Allen Wolfthal •Manning 2016 •Java •Scott Oaks •Acroquest Technology/ • • 2015