The document summarizes a workshop on psychology-informed design of responsive open learning environments. It discusses how human cognitive biases can be addressed through choice architecture and nudges in system design. The workshop covered the theoretical background of self-regulated learning and personal learning environments. It demonstrated the ROLE widget store and tools for configuring personal learning environments using widgets. Participants worked in groups on conceptual design of PLEs and requirements for the widget store.

1. role-project.eu Psychology-informed Design of
Responsive Open (Personal) Learning
M. Kravcik
Environments
R. Klamma
JTEL
Chania, May 2011
Summer School
May 2011
Slide 1
Milos Kravcik, Ralf Klamma
Chair for Information Systems and Databases,
RWTH Aachen University, Germany
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5
(Information Systems)
Prof. Dr. M. Jarke

2. Workshop History
role-project.eu
JTEL Summer School, May 2010,
Ohrid, FYROM
RWTH Aachen, July 2010, Aachen,
M. Kravcik
R. Klamma
Germany
JTEL
ROLE Developer Camp, August
Summer School
May 2011
2010, EPFL Lausanne, Switzerland
Slide 2
Evaluation and paper writing
Paper presentation, ICALT, July
2011, Athens, Georgia/USA
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5
(Information Systems)
Prof. Dr. M. Jarke

3. Overview
Theoretical Background
role-project.eu
Human cognitive biases
Principles of choice architecture
ROLE learning process model
M. Kravcik
R. Klamma Requirements of ROLE Widget
Store
JTEL
Summer School
May 2011
Slide 3
User Tutorial Developer Tutorial
Learning scenario  Widget spaces
ROLE Widget Store usage  XMPP real-time communication
Conceptual ROLE/PLE design & collaboration
WS usage & PLE creation  Inter widget communication
Widget store requirements  Widget deployment
Presentation  Publication in Widget Store
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5
(Information Systems)
Prof. Dr. M. Jarke
Discussion  Widget ranking

4. Motivation
Illusions:
role-project.eu
• Optical
M. Kravcik
• Cognitive
R. Klamma
JTEL
Summer School
May 2011
Slide 4
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5
(Information Systems)
Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational
Prof. Dr. M. Jarke

5. 2 Kinds of Thinking
Automatic system (AS): Reflective system (RS)
role-project.eu – gut reaction: – conscious thought:
• intuitive, rapid, instinctive • rational, deliberate,
• associated with the oldest self-conscious
M. Kravcik
R. Klamma parts of the brain
JTEL
Summer School
May 2011
Slide 5
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5
(Information Systems)
Prof. Dr. M. Jarke

6. Heuristics and Biases
Humans predictably err – this knowledge can be
role-project.eu harnessed to help them
Heuristics & biases emerge from the interplay between
M. Kravcik AS & RS
R. Klamma
Categories of biases:
JTEL
Summer School
Bounded rationality our rationality is delimited
May 2011
Slide 6
Self-control our rationality and temptation may be in
conflict
Social influences we are influenced by the behavior of
other people
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5
(Information Systems)
Prof. Dr. M. Jarke
Sunstein, Thaler (2008). Nudge.

7. Uneasy Choices
• self-control issues arise when choices and
role-project.eu
Delayed effects their consequences are separated in time
• many problems in life are difficult and there
M. Kravcik
Difficulty is no technology to help
R. Klamma
• some decisions are rare, therefore there is
JTEL
Infrequency a lack of practice
Summer School
May 2011
Slide 7
• learning requires immediate and clear
Poor feedback feedback after each try
• ambiguous relation between a choice and
Unclear impact its consequence
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5
(Information Systems)
Prof. Dr. M. Jarke
Sunstein, Thaler (2008). Nudge.

8. Choice Architecture
• they are very powerful, as usually a lot of people end up
Default options with it
role-project.eu
Expect error • a well designed system is as forgiving as possible
M. Kravcik
R. Klamma
• it is the best way how to improve the performance of
Give feedback humans
JTEL
Summer School Understand mappings • options should be comprehensible
May 2011
Slide 8 from choice to welfare
Structure complex • Elimination by aspects: eliminate the unsuitable alternatives
choices • Collaborative filtering: use the judgements of similar people
• put the right incentives on the right people – Who uses?
Incentives Who chooses? Who pays? Who profits?
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5
(Information Systems) Sunstein, Thaler (2008). Nudge.
Prof. Dr. M. Jarke

9. Proposed Solution
Libertarian paternalism:
role-project.eu
preserves liberty and tries to influence choices in a way
that will make choosers better off, as judged by
themselves
• This influence can be realized via suitable
M. Kravcik
R. Klamma
alerts or nudges
JTEL
• A nudge should alert people’s behavior
Summer School
May 2011
in a predictable way and at the same time it
Slide 9
should be easy and cheap to avoid
The golden rule of libertarian paternalism:
offer nudges that are most likely to help and least likely
to inflict harm
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5
(Information Systems)
Prof. Dr. M. Jarke
Sunstein, Thaler (2008). Nudge.

10. Personal Learning Environment
(PLE)
PLE describes the tools, communities, and services that constitute
role-project.eu
the individual educational platforms learners use to direct their own
learning and pursue educational goals
LMS – course-centric vs. PLE – learner-centric:
M. Kravcik
R. Klamma
• Extension of individual research
• Students in charge of their learning process
• self-direction, responsibility
JTEL
Summer School
• Promotes authentic learning (incorporating expert feedback)
May 2011
Slide 10 • Student’s scholarly work + own critical reflection + the work and
voice of others
• Web 2.0 influence on educational process
• customizable portals/dashboards, iGoogle, My Yahoo!
• Learning is a collaborative exercise in collection, orchestration,
remixing, & integration of data into knowledge building
• Emphasis on metacognition in learning
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5
(Information Systems)
Prof. Dr. M. Jarke

11. ROLE Self-Regulated Learning
Process Model
role-project.eu
M. Kravcik
R. Klamma
JTEL
Summer School
May 2011
Slide 11
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5
(Information Systems)
Prof. Dr. M. Jarke

12. Personal Learning Environment
role-project.eu
M. Kravcik
R. Klamma
JTEL
Summer School
May 2011
Slide 12
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5
(Information Systems) PLE from ROLE: http://youtu.be/Vyk_m0FrRG4
Prof. Dr. M. Jarke

13. ROLE Widget Store
role-project.eu
M. Kravcik
R. Klamma
JTEL
Summer School
May 2011
Slide 13
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5
(Information Systems)
Prof. Dr. M. Jarke
http://widgetstore.role-demo.de/

14. ROLE Widget Store
role-project.eu
M. Kravcik
R. Klamma
JTEL
Summer School
May 2011
Slide 14
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5
(Information Systems)
Prof. Dr. M. Jarke
http://widgetstore.role-demo.de/

15. Issues for the User Workshop
role-project.eu
How can I use the Widget Store to configure my PLE?
M. Kravcik How can I use my PLE and the Widget Store to share my
R. Klamma
learning experiences?
JTEL
What is currently missing in the Widget Store concerning
Summer School
May 2011 our choice architecture?
Slide 15
What is currently missing in the Widget Store concerning
the ROLE learning model?
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5
(Information Systems)
Prof. Dr. M. Jarke

16. ROLE Enchantment Contest
Win a gadget worth 500 EUR for your
role-project.eu
self-developed learning widget!!!
M. Kravcik
ROLE is awarding the most innovative learning widget in
R. Klamma
the ROLE Widget Store every 2 months
There will be 12 contests until the end of 2012
JTEL
Summer School
May 2011
Slide 16 First contest will start on June 1st, 2011
Call for widgets will be available on www.role-project.eu
Visit the developer workshop this afternoon for more
information
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5
(Information Systems)
Prof. Dr. M. Jarke

17. ROLE References
Project Website • http://www.role-project.eu/
role-project.eu
M. Kravcik
LinkedIn Group • http://www.linkedin.com/e/gis/1590487
R. Klamma
JTEL
Twitter • http://twitter.com/ROLEproject #roleproject
Summer School
May 2011
Slide 17
Alliance Program • http://www.role-project.eu/AllianceProgram
Showcase • http://role-showcase.eu
Platform
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5
(Information Systems)
Prof. Dr. M. Jarke

18. User Workshop Overview
Language learning http://youtu.be/Vyk_m0FrRG4
scenario (10 min)
role-project.eu
ROLE Widget Store http://widgetstore.role-demo.de http://igoogle.com
usage (15 min)
M. Kravcik
R. Klamma
Conceptual ROLE/PLE Paper/pen group work
design (30 min)
JTEL
Summer School
May 2011 PLE creation & WS http://igoogle.com
Slide 18
requirements (30 min)
Presentation (25 min)
Discussion (10 min)
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5
(Information Systems)
Prof. Dr. M. Jarke