IoT overview 2014

The Internet of Things
September 2014
Mirko Presser @mirkopresser
Chair of the IoT Forum
Head of Research and Innovation
Smart City Lab
Alexandra Instituttet A/S

Defining: The Internet of Things
Smart City Lab

What
is
the
Internet
of
Things?

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1993: Created by Quentin Stafford-Fraser and Paul Jardetzky the Trojan Room
Coffee Pot was located in the 'Trojan Room' within the Computer Laboratory of
the University of Cambridge and was used to monitor the pot levels with an
image being updated about 3x a minute and sent to the buildings server. It
was later put online for viewing once browsers could display images. !

h1p://postscapes.com/internet-‐of-‐things-‐defini;on
lists
almost
50
different
defini;ons.

"The
global
network
connec;ng
any
smart
object.”

-‐
IoT-‐A,
2011

“Internet
of
Things
(IoT)
is
an
integrated
part
of
Future
Internet
and
could
be

defined
as
a
dynamic
global
network
infrastructure
with
self
configuring

capabili;es
based
on
standard
and
interoperable
communica;on
protocols

where
physical
and
virtual
‘things’
have
iden;;es,
physical
a1ributes,
and
virtual

personali;es
and
use
intelligent
interfaces,
and
are
seamlessly
integrated
into

the
informa;on
network.
In
the
IoT,
‘things’
are
expected
to
become
ac;ve

par;cipants
in
business,
informa;on
and
social
processes
where
they
are

enabled
to
interact
and
communicate
among
themselves
and
with
the

environment
by
exchanging
data
and
informa;on
‘sensed’
about
the

environment,
while
reac;ng
autonomously
to
the
‘real/physical
world’
events

and
influencing
it
by
running
processes
that
trigger
ac;ons
and
create
services

with
or
without
direct
human
interven;on.
Interfaces
in
the
form
of
services

facilitate
interac;ons
with
these
‘smart
things’
over
the
Internet,
query
and

change
their
state
and
any
informa;on
associated
with
them,
taking
into
account

security
and
privacy
issues.”

-‐
IERC,
2014

Wave
1:
WWW

350M
PC
annually

Connec;ng
PCs

Wave
1:
WWW

350M
PC
annually

Wave
2:
Mobile/Cloud

2.32B
annually

Connec;ng
PCs
Connec;ng
People

Wave
1:
WWW

350M
PC
annually

Wave
3:
Internet
of
Things

50B
by
2020

Wave
2:
Mobile/Cloud

2.32B
annually

Connec;ng
PCs
Connec;ng
Everything
Connec;ng
People

•  The Internet of Things
Definition Conclusions

Technology: The Internet of Things
Smart City Lab

13
Slide courtesy: Payam Barnaghi

v6.12.2009

6LoWPAN:
The
Wireless
Embedded

Internet,
Shelby
&
Bormann

Evolu;on
of
Wireless
Sensor
Networks

ScalabilityPrice
Cabling
Cables
Proprietary
radio + network
20001980s 2006
Vendor
lock-in
Increased
Productivity
ZigBee
Complex
middleware
6lowpan
Internet
Open development
and portability
Z-Wave, prop.
ISM etc.
ZigBee and
WHART
Any vendor
6lowpan
ISA100
2008 ->

Emerging/existing standards
•  ETSI M2M, OneM2M (architecture, gateway, …)
(more at:http://www.etsi.org/technologies-clusters/technologies/m2m)
•  IETF CoAP, 6LowPAN,…
(more at: http://tools.ietf.org/wg/core/)
•  IEEE 802.15.x, IEEE P802.x, …
(more at: http://standards.ieee.org/innovate/iot/projects.html)
•  OMA/NGSI (interfaces, context description,…)
(more at: http://forge.fiware.org/plugins/mediawiki/wiki/fiware/index.php/
OMA_NGSI_10)
•  W3C (semantic sensor networks, SSN Ontology …)
(more at: http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/ssn/)
Slide courtesy: Payam Barnaghi

CoAP:
The
Web
of
Things
Protocol

•  Open
IETF
Standard

•  Compact
header

•  UDP,
SMS,
TCP
support

•  Security
support
(DTLS)

•  Asynchronous
Subscrip;on

•  Built-‐in
Discovery

Slide courtesy: Zach Shelby

From
the
Web
to
an
IoT
device

IP

TLS/TCP

HTTP

Web

Object

1000s
of
bytes

Web
Applica;on

From
the
Web
to
an
IoT
device

IP

TLS/TCP

HTTP

Web

Object

1000s
of
bytes

Web
Applica;on

IP

DTLS/UDP

CoAP

Binary
Web
Object

100s
of
bytes

IoT
Backhaul

Proxy


From
the
Web
to
an
IoT
device

IP

TLS/TCP

HTTP

Web

Object

1000s
of
bytes

Web
Applica;on

IP

DTLS/UDP

CoAP

Binary
Web
Object

100s
of
bytes

IoT
Backhaul

Proxy

6LoWPAN

DTLS/UDP

CoAP

Binary
Web
Object

10s
of
bytes

IoT
Node
Network

Router


CoAP
design
requirements


CoAP:
What
it
is
and,
what
it
is
not.

What
it
is:

•  A
very
eﬃcient
RESTful
protocol

•  Ideal
for
constraint
devices
and
networks

•  Specialised
for
IoT
applica;ons

•  Easy
to
proxy
to/from
HTTP

What
it
is
NOT:

•  A
general
replacement
for
HTTP

•  HTTP
compression

•  Restricted
to
isolated
“automa;on”
networks

Learn
more
here:
h1p://youtu.be/4bSr5x5gKvA

•  CoAP is NOT the IoT – it is an IoT protocol
that makes the IoT a bit more = the
Internet.
•  More Technologies are out there and are
IMPORTANT (e.g. MQTT).
•  The Internet of Things
Technology Conclusions

Business: The Internet of Things
Smart City Lab

Diﬀusion
of
innova;on

image
source:
Wikipedia

There
are

>
1
Billion

lampposts
in
the
world
…

There
are

>
1
Billion

lampposts
in
the
world
…

-  Digital
signage
SERVICE

-  Adver;sing
SERVICE

-  Emergency
support
SERVICE

-  Health/welfare
SERVICE

-  Running
target
SERVICE

-  Anger
management
SERVICE

-  Communica;ons
SERVICE

-  Electricity
as
a
SERVICE

-  …

Nobody
wants
things
but
services.

Services Beyond the Product
Bringing services to people beyond the product itself
is the interesting aspect of the Internet of Things.

The challenge is to ﬁnd viable business models.

Intelligent
public
waste
baskets

•  Ad
hoc
fill
level
measurements;
data
transmission
to
the
collec;on
vehicle
when
it

approaches

•  Develop
assisted
applica;on
for
maintenance
and
fill
level
visualisa;on

•  Main
Targets:

o  Test
fill
level
sensors
and
capillary
network
(integra;on
of
sensor
nodes
with

gateways
and
collec;on
vehicle
communica;on)

o  Evaluate
data
gathering
process
of
fill
level
and
assisted
maintenance

(manual
malfunc;on
messages,
automa;c
error
messages)

Fill
level
sensors

•  Connected
Products
(ﬁtbit,
WiThings,
…)

•  Op;mised
Business
(Supply
chain,
FoF,
…)

•  Transform
Business
Models
(RR,
GE,
Bosch,
…)

•  Interconnec;on
Eﬀect
(Smart
City,
Big
Data,
…)

Market
maturity

Reconﬁgure

Network
rules
for

one
device

Experience

some
type
of

malfunc;on

Juggle

management
of
up

to

24

;mes
per
year

1
out
of
every

100
devices

per
month

5
pricing

op;ons
per

device
line

An
average
M2M
service
company

Slide courtesy: Jasper

•  Replace
SIM
cards
on
your
assets.

•  Replace
ba1eries
on
nodes.

•  Find
a
serious
security
ﬂaw
aoer
deployment.

•  …

…

on
a
network
of
millions
of

devices
all
over
the
globe.

And
other
issues

•  Limitless
IoT
Scenarios.

•  Manage
a
network
for
an
M2M/IoT
service

provider

•  Business
Intelligence

– Dark
Data

– Data
Analy;cs
and
Big
Data

And
other
opportuni;es

•  Think service, not thing.
•  Every Business will change.
•  Limitless Scenarios à MVP.
•  Use known Business Concepts.
•  Maturity:
•  Connected
Products

•  Op;mised
Business

•  Transform
Business
Models

•  Interconnec;on
Eﬀect

Business Conclusions

Societal: The Internet of Things
Smart City Lab

•  Don’t underestimate the Maker Movement.
•  IoT gives power to the people.
•  IoT makes people slaves.
•  Critical Infrastructure safety issues.
Societal Conclusions

SmartSantander: The Internet of Things
Smart City Lab

•  Company Level: Have a workshop on “How will
IoT grow your business by x10-100?”.
•  Individual Level: Buy an Arduino and make an
internet enabled service.
•  Subliminal Level: Register for the IoT Forum and
become a driver of the IoT Week in Copenhagen
June 2015.
Do this tomorrow!

Mirko
Presser

@mirkopresser

Chair
of
the
IoT
Forum

Head
of
Research
and
Innova;on

Smart
City
Lab

Alexandra
Ins;tu1et
A/S

E:
mirko.presser@alexandra.dk

M:
+45
30
49
09
76

web
en:
www.alexandra.dk/uk

IoT overview 2014

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