1. Birmingham grabs the bull by the horns

2. Britain’s second city has a long history as a leading centre for trade and business. The site of the Bullring is in the heart of Birmingham’s CBD. 1166: The Bullring site began life as the city’s market place. 1960’s: The market site became one of the country’s most famous examples of urban planning with the dramatic development of the old Bullring into one of the world’s largest enclosed shopping centres outside the US. The history of Birmingham’s CBD

4. The old Bullring Centre and the Rotunda 1980s

5. 1980s The old fruit and veg market

6. The Old fruit and Veg Market and the Pavillion Shopping Centre 1980s

7. 1990s: Birmingham council decided to totally redevelop the Bullring site as well as a number of other parts of the CBD. Urban planners and architects began work to redesign the area with the aim of bringing investment, businesses, jobs and shoppers back to the CBD. 2000: Demolition of the old Bullring started on the 30 June 2000, with completion in March 2001. Construction of the new Bullring Centre started immediately after.

9. Construction 2001

10. Construction 2001

11. Construction 2001

12. The all new Bullring Centre Opened August 2003

13. The outside of Selfridges and a new car park (formerly the fruit and veg market)

16. The new Bullring Centre and the revamped Pavilion Centre

17. Inside the Bullring Centre

20. Touch screen information points and big screens which show adverts and local news

23. The entrance to Moor Street Station

24. The refurbished ticket offices

25. Moor Street Station

27. The Mailbox

28. The Mailbox

33. The International Convention Centre

37. Canal side development: Brindley place - trendy bars - cafes - restaurants

38. The National Indoor Arena (NIA)

41. New apartments in the city seem to be appearing everywhere!

44. If you go to Birmingham you’ll see this slogan everywhere. What do you think the slogan is trying to say about Birmingham?

45. Practice essay question: For a named city; i) describe and explain the decline of its CBD ii) outline what has been done to attract money, jobs and customers back to the city. (8 marks)