Report On Market Survey Of Cetrizine As Otc

Report on Market Survey of Cetrizine as OTC

Market Survey on Cetrizine as OTC (Over
the Counter) product

For

Stevens Business School

Prepared By

Nirav Patel

Mitesh Shah

Under guidance of

Dr. Siddharth Bhist (Faculty at Stevens Business School)

Page 1 of 75


DECLARATION

We, Mitesh Shah and Nirav Patel, student of the MBA(Pharma) affiliated to Stevens
Business School, Gandhinagar here by declare that this project is a result of culmination of our
sincere efforts.

We declare that this submitted work is done solely by us and to the best of our
knowledge. We have tried at our level best to collect precise detail to provide useful
information to the company.

We also declare that all the information collected from various sources has been duly
acknowledged in this project report.

Mitesh Shah

Nirav Patel

PGP (Pharma), MBA (Marketing)

Stevens Business School

Page 2 of 75


Acknowledgement

Here, we take this opportunity to humbly express our gratitude to all those concerned with our
project entitled “Market Survey on Cetrizine as OTC (Over the Counter) product”. We would like to share
the success of our project amongst the person who has directly and indirectly helped us to complete this
project.

We are extremely thankful to Dr. Siddharth Bhist (Faculty at Stevens Business School), for
providing us an opportunity to work on this project. Our sincere thanks to him for his perseverance, co-
operation and constant help and guidance throughout the project, which helps us to increase our
knowledge and professional skills in innovative manner.

We would like to express our heartiest thanks to our family, parents and sister to extend their
help as and when required. We would like to thank our friends for their support during our project.

Mitesh Shah

Nirav Patel

Page 3 of 75


CONTENT

Declaration………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………02

Acknowledgement………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….03

Chapter 1: Introduction and Context of Study……………………………………………………………………………….07

1.1 Introduction to the study…………………………………………………………………………………07
1.2 Research Objectives………………………………………………………………………………………...09
1.3 Research Methodology…………………………………………………………………………………….10
1.3.1 Research Title…………………………………………………………………….10
1.3.2 Research Design……………………………......................................10
1.3.3 Research Method……………………………………………………………...11
1.3.4 Sample Design…………………………………………………………………...11
1.3.5 Data Collection and Field work………………………………………..…12
1.3.6 Reporting…………………………………………………………………………..12
1.3.7 Limitations of the Study………………………………………………..……12

Chapter 2: Research Analysis………………………………………………………………………………………………………....13

2.1 Respondent Profile……………………………………………………………………………………….….13
2.1.1 Table of Age…………………………………………………………………..…..13
2.1.2 Table of Gender…………………………………………………………………13
2.1.3 Table of Occupation…………………………………………………………..13
2.1.4 Table of Qualification………………………………………………………...14
2.1.5 Table of Family Income……………………………………………………...14
2.2 Frequency Table……………………………………………………………………………………………….15
2.2.1 Table for Keeping Cetrizine at Home………………………………….15
2.2.2 Table for Selecting Reasons for Cetrizine…………………………...15

Page 4 of 75


2.2.3 Table for Cetrizine Taken……………………………………………………15
2.2.4 Table for Statement of Last Purchase………………………………...16
2.2.5 Table for keeping Cetrizine at Home in Future…………………..16
2.2.6 Table for Television Tool…………………………………………………...16
2.2.7 Table for News Paper Tool…………………………………………………17
2.2.8 Table for Hoardings Tool…………………………………………………...17
2.2.9 Table for Radio Tool…………………………………………………………..18
2.2.10 Table for Internet Tool………………………………………………….……18
2.2.11 Table for Personal Selling Tool…………………………………………..19
2.2.12 Table for Magazine Tool……………………………………………….……19
2.2.13 Table for Sale of Cetrizine on Prescription……………………….…20
2.2.14 Table for Sale of Cetrizine on OTC………………………………………20
2.2.15 Table for Total Sale of Cetrizine………………………………………….21
2.2.16 Table for Cetrizine increase in Price……………………………………21
2.2.17 Table for Cetrizine increase in Sale by Advertisement……..…22
2.2.18 Table for Chemist Support for Cetrizine as OTC……………….…22
2.2.19 Table for Promotion tools suggested by Chemist……………….22
2.2.20 Table for margin require by Chemist on Cetrizine as OTC..…23
2.2.21 Table foe safety of Cetrizine as OTC as Per Doctors…………...23
2.3 Statistical Tools for Analysis……………………………………………………………..………………24
2.3.1 Logistics Regration……………………………………………………….…….24
2.3.1.1 Cetrizine taken is whether affected by Age,
Gender. Occupation, Education and family
income………………………………………………………….24
2.3.1.2 Cetrizine keep at home is whether affected by
Age, Gender. Occupation, Education and family
income…………………………………………………..……..29
2.3.2 Crosstabs and Chi-squre……………………………………………………..….36
2.3.2.1 Cetrizine taken is whether affected by Age or
not………………………………………………………….…….36

Page 5 of 75


2.3.2.2 Cetrizine taken is whether affected by gender or
not………………………………………………………………..39
2.3.2.3 Cetrizine taken is whether affected by
occupation or not………………………………………….41
2.3.2.4 Cetrizine taken is whether affected by
qualification or not………………………………………..43
2.3.2.5 Cetrizine taken is whether affected by income
of family or not……………………………………………..46
Age or not……………………………………………………..49
gender or not…………………………………………….….51
occupation or not………………………………………….54
qualification of person or not………………….……56
2.3.2.10 Cetrizine keep at home is whether
affected by family income or not……………..……58

Chapter: 3 Conclusions…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..62

References……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..63

Annexures…..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…64

Page 6 of 75


1.1 Introduction

 Cetrizine is highly used for allergies. Cetrizine, a second-generation antihistamine, is a major
metabolite of hydrolyzing, and a raceme selective H 1 receptor inverse agonist used in the
treatment of allergies, hay fever, angioedema, and urticaria.

 Cetrizine is highly preferred in allergy as prescription drug. It is having one of the highest sales
figures in ORG-IMS. It is also one of the well known drugs. Many times Cetrizine is sold without
prescription. So, there is huge potential market for promoting Cetrizine as OTC product.

 For that we are doing survey of chemist whether they support Cetrizine as OTC or not.
Consumer responds about their perception of Cetrizine as OTC product. Doctor will give
response whether it is safe to consume Cetrizine as OTC product or not.

Statistical tools used in for this market survey analysis

Chi-Square Test

 Chi-square is a statistical test commonly used to compare observed data with data we would
expect to obtain according to a specific hypothesis.

 For example, if, according to Mendel's laws, you expected 10 of 20 offspring from a cross to be
male and the actual observed number was 8 males, then you might want to know about the
"goodness to fit" between the observed and expected. Were the deviations (differences
between observed and expected) the result of chance, or were they due to other factors.

 How much deviation can occur before you, the investigator, must conclude that something
other than chance is at work, causing the observed to differ from the expected. The chi-square
test is always testing what scientists call the null hypothesis, which states that there is no
significant difference between the expected and observed result.

 The formula for calculating chi-square is:

Page 7 of 75


= (o-e)2/e

That is, chi-square is the sum of the squared difference between observed (o) and the expected
(e) data (or the deviation, d), divided by the expected data in all possible categories.

Logistic Regression

 Logistic Regression is a type of predictive model that can be used when the target variable is a
categorical variable with two categories – for example live/die, has disease/doesn’t have
disease, purchases product/doesn’t purchase, wins race/doesn’t win, etc.

 A logistic regression model does not involve decision trees and is more akin to nonlinear
regression such as fitting a polynomial to a set of data values.

 Logistic regression can be used only with two types of target variables:

1. A categorical target variable that has exactly two categories (i.e., a binary or dichotomous variable).

2. A continuous target variable that has values in the range 0.0 to 1.0 representing probability values or
proportions.

Page 8 of 75


1.2 Research Objective:

1) To find out Changes in the Price of Cetrizine as OTC product
2) To find out safety of antibiotic as OTC product
3) To find out consumer preference of antibiotic as OTC product
4) To find out changes in the promotional activities of antibiotic as OTC product
5) To find out effectiveness of promotional activities on consumer buying behavior

Approach to the problems

Research Questions

1) Is there any change in price if Cetrizine considered as OTC product?
2) Is this safe to consider Cetrizine as OTC product?
3) Would consumer consider Cetrizine as OTC product?
4) What change in promotional activities take place if Cetrizine considered as OTC?
5) Should Promotional activities of Cetrizine as OTC product increase the sales?

Hypothesis

1) Is there any change in price if Cetrizine considered as OTC product?
a. Ho : There is no change in price when Cetrizine consider as OTC product
b. H1 : There is change in price when Cetrizine consider as OTC product
2) Should Promotional activities of Cetrizine as OTC product increase the sales?
a. There is no change in sale due to promotional activities of Cetrizine as OTC product
b. There is increase in sale due to promotional activities of Cetrizine as OTC product

Page 9 of 75


1.3 Research Methodology

1.3.1 Title

Research Proposal for Market Survey on Cetrizine as OTC (Over the Counter) product

1.3.2 Research Design

Type of research : Exploratory research, Descriptive research

It’s a type conclusive research that has as its major objective the description of the market
characteristics of Over the Counter Medicine. Further it’s a single cross-sectional design which
involves the collection of data of information from any single sample of population elements
only once.

Research data type : Primary Quantitative Data

Method of administering the questionnaire : Personal

Scaling Technique : Likert Scale (Non comparative Scale)

The respondents are provided with an itemized rating scale named Likert Scale which is a rating
scale with five response categories ranging from “highly agree” to “highly disagree” which
requires the respondents to indicate a degree of agreement or disagreement with each of a
series of statement related t the stimulus object.

Nature of the questionnaire : 5 minutes of interview

Page 10 of 75


1.3.3 Research Method:

Kind of information to be obtained Data Source Data collection tool

 To find out safety of antibiotic as OTC product Doctors Questionnaire

 To find out Changes in the Price of Antibiotic as
OTC product
Chemists Questionnaire
 To find out changes in the promotional activities of
antibiotic as OTC product
 To find out consumer preference of antibiotic as OTC
product
Customers Questionnaire
 To find out effectiveness of promotional activities on
consumer buying behavior

1.3.4 Sampling Design:

Sampling technique : Non Probability Sampling

In this Non Probability sampling Method, we have used the Quota Sampling i.e. first we
developed control categories or quotas of population elements and then selected the sample
elements on the basis of our convenience.

 Target population : Chemists, Customers, doctors
 Sampling techniques : Convenience Sampling
 Total sample size : 70
 Chemist : 30
 Customer : 30
 Doctors : 10

Page 11 of 75


1.3.5 Data Collection / Fieldwork:

Data Analysis : Once surveys are complete, data will be analyzed by SPSS

Hypothesis test : Non Parametric Tests

This hypothesis-testing is applied in our research because the variables are measured on a
nominal scale.

Statistical technique : Multivariate Technique

For our research purpose we found that Dependence Techniques (Cross-tabulation and Logistic
Regression) is appropriate for our result. In this one variable can be identified as dependent
variables and the remaining as independent variable.

1.3.6 Reporting:

Following the analysis stage, a report and a PowerPoint presentation will be created. A formal
presentation of all findings and conclusions will be given on DATE. A final copy of the report
summarizing the findings of all phases of the research will then be submitted in the form of
hard bind report as well as electronically through the mail.

1.3.7 Limitations of the study

 The sample is not the representative of the total population.
 The bias of respondents while filling questionnaire cannot be eliminated.
 Due to the small size of the sample, some tools of the SPSS software could not be used
for findings.

Page 12 of 75


2 Research Analysis

2.1 Respondent Profile
2.1.1 Table of Age
Age
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Percent
below 20yr 2 6.7 6.7 6.7
20 to below 30yr 18 60.0 60.0 66.7
Valid 30 to below 40yr 3 10.0 10.0 76.7
above 40yr 7 23.3 23.3 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

2.1.2 Table of Gender

Gender
Cumulative
Percent
Male 16 53.3 53.3 53.3
Valid Female 14 46.7 46.7 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

2.1.3 Table of Occupation

Occupation
Cumulative
Percent
Salary 5 16.7 16.7 16.7
Professional 12 40.0 40.0 56.7
Valid business person 3 10.0 10.0 66.7
Student 10 33.3 33.3 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

Page 13 of 75


2.1.4 Table of Qualification

Qualification
Cumulative
Percent
up to HSC 1 3.3 3.3 3.3
Graduation 10 33.3 33.3 36.7
Valid
post graduation 19 63.3 63.3 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

2.1.5 Table of Famiy Income

Family_income_per_month_in_RS
Cumulative
Percent
Below Rs 15000 1 3.3 3.3 3.3
Rs 15001 - Rs 30000 9 30.0 30.0 33.3
Valid Rs 30001 - Rs 45000 8 26.7 26.7 60.0
More than Rs 45000 12 40.0 40.0 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

Page 14 of 75


2.2 Frequency Table

2.2.1 Table for keeping Cetrizine at home

Cetrizine_at_home
Cumulative
Percent
Yes 16 53.3 53.3 53.3
Valid No 14 46.7 46.7 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

2.2.2 Table for selecting reasons for Cetrizine

Cetrizine_for_what_reason
Cumulative
Percent
Allergy 27 90.0 90.0 90.0
Valid Don't Know 3 10.0 10.0 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

2.2.3 Table for Cetrizine taken

Taken_Cetrizine
Cumulative
Percent
Yes 21 70.0 70.0 70.0
Valid No 9 30.0 30.0 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

Page 15 of 75


2.2.4 Table for statement for last purchase of Cetrizine

Statement_for_last_purchase_cetrizine
Cumulative
Percent
Recommended by doctor 7 23.3 23.3 23.3
Recommended by Chemist 10 33.3 33.3 56.7
Valid
Self Medication 13 43.3 43.3 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

2.2.5 Table for keeping Cetrizine at home in future

Cetrizine_at_home_in_future
Cumulative
Percent
yes 24 80.0 80.0 80.0
Valid no 6 20.0 20.0 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

2.2.6 Table for Television tool

Television_tool
Cumulative
Percent
1.00 12 40.0 40.0 40.0
2.00 7 23.3 23.3 63.3
3.00 6 20.0 20.0 83.3
Valid
4.00 3 10.0 10.0 93.3
5.00 2 6.7 6.7 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

Page 16 of 75


2.2.7 Table for News paper Tool

News_paper_tool
Cumulative
Percent
1.00 9 30.0 30.0 30.0
2.00 7 23.3 23.3 53.3
3.00 5 16.7 16.7 70.0
4.00 2 6.7 6.7 76.7
Valid
5.00 3 10.0 10.0 86.7
6.00 2 6.7 6.7 93.3
7.00 2 6.7 6.7 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

2.2.8 Table for Hoardings tool

Hoardings_tool
Cumulative
Percent
1.00 2 6.7 6.7 6.7
2.00 6 20.0 20.0 26.7
3.00 2 6.7 6.7 33.3
4.00 9 30.0 30.0 63.3
Valid
5.00 5 16.7 16.7 80.0
6.00 4 13.3 13.3 93.3
7.00 2 6.7 6.7 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

Page 17 of 75


2.2.9 Table for Radio tool

Radio_tool
Cumulative
Percent
1.00 1 3.3 3.3 3.3
2.00 1 3.3 3.3 6.7
3.00 6 20.0 20.0 26.7
4.00 2 6.7 6.7 33.3
Valid
5.00 5 16.7 16.7 50.0
6.00 8 26.7 26.7 76.7
7.00 7 23.3 23.3 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

2.2.10 Table for Internet tool

Internet_tool
Cumulative
Percent
1.00 2 6.7 6.7 6.7
2.00 2 6.7 6.7 13.3
3.00 5 16.7 16.7 30.0
4.00 4 13.3 13.3 43.3
Valid
5.00 9 30.0 30.0 73.3
6.00 2 6.7 6.7 80.0
7.00 6 20.0 20.0 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

Page 18 of 75


2.2.11 Table for personal selling tool

Personal_selling_tool
Cumulative
Percent
1.00 4 13.3 13.3 13.3
2.00 3 10.0 10.0 23.3
3.00 5 16.7 16.7 40.0
4.00 4 13.3 13.3 53.3
Valid
5.00 2 6.7 6.7 60.0
6.00 2 6.7 6.7 66.7
7.00 10 33.3 33.3 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

2.2.12 Table for Magazine tool

Magazine_tool
Cumulative
Percent
2.00 4 13.3 13.3 13.3
3.00 1 3.3 3.3 16.7
4.00 6 20.0 20.0 36.7
Valid 5.00 4 13.3 13.3 50.0
6.00 12 40.0 40.0 90.0
7.00 3 10.0 10.0 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

Page 19 of 75


2.2.13 Table for Sale of Cetrizine on Prescription

Cetrizine_Rx
Cumulative
Percent
3.00 5 16.7 16.7 16.7
4.00 4 13.3 13.3 30.0
5.00 8 26.7 26.7 56.7
6.00 3 10.0 10.0 66.7
Valid 7.00 1 3.3 3.3 70.0
8.00 3 10.0 10.0 80.0
10.00 3 10.0 10.0 90.0
13.00 3 10.0 10.0 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

2.2.14 Table for sale of Cetrizine on OTC

Cetrizine_OTC
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
Valid 3.00 3 10.0 10.0 10.0
4.00 3 10.0 10.0 20.0
5.00 6 20.0 20.0 40.0
6.00 6 20.0 20.0 60.0
7.00 4 13.3 13.3 73.3
8.00 3 10.0 10.0 83.3
9.00 2 6.7 6.7 90.0
10.00 1 3.3 3.3 93.3
17.00 1 3.3 3.3 96.7
20.00 1 3.3 3.3 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

Page 20 of 75


2.2.15 Table for total sale of Cetrizine

Total_Sale
Cumulative
Percent
7.00 2 6.7 6.7 6.7
8.00 1 3.3 3.3 10.0
9.00 6 20.0 20.0 30.0
10.00 4 13.3 13.3 43.3
11.00 3 10.0 10.0 53.3
12.00 1 3.3 3.3 56.7
13.00 3 10.0 10.0 66.7
Valid 15.00 1 3.3 3.3 70.0
16.00 2 6.7 6.7 76.7
17.00 2 6.7 6.7 83.3
18.00 2 6.7 6.7 90.0
23.00 1 3.3 3.3 93.3
25.00 1 3.3 3.3 96.7
30.00 1 3.3 3.3 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

2.2.16 Table for Cetrizine increase in Price

Increase_in_Price
Cumulative
Percent
highly agree 5 16.7 16.7 16.7
agree 11 36.7 36.7 53.3
neutral 7 23.3 23.3 76.7
Valid
disagree 5 16.7 16.7 93.3
highly disagree 2 6.7 6.7 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

Page 21 of 75


2.2.17 Table for Cetrizine increase in sale by advertisement

iIncrease_sale_by_ad
Cumulative
Percent
highly agree 11 36.7 36.7 36.7
agree 18 60.0 60.0 96.7
Valid
neutral 1 3.3 3.3 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

2.2.18 Table for chemist support for Cetrizine as OTC

Chemist_support
Cumulative
Percent
highly agree 6 20.0 20.0 20.0
agree 18 60.0 60.0 80.0
Valid neutral 1 3.3 3.3 83.3
disagree 5 16.7 16.7 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

2.2.19 Table for Promotion tools suggested by chemist

Promotion
Cumulative
Percent
discount 21 70.0 70.0 70.0
free sample 4 13.3 13.3 83.3
Valid
gifts 5 16.7 16.7 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

Page 22 of 75


2.2.20 Table for margin require by chemist on Cetrizine as OTC

Margin_chemist
Cumulative
Percent
0-15 5 16.7 16.7 16.7
16-30 20 66.7 66.7 83.3
Valid
31-45 5 16.7 16.7 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

2.2.21 Table for safety of Cetrizine as OTC as per Doctors

Response

Highly Agree 8

Agree 2

Interpretation:
From Doctors response we can conclude that Cetrizine is safe to consume as OTC product. So there is
no adverse effect of Cetrizine as OTC.

Page 23 of 75


2.3 Statistical Tools

2.3.1 Logistic REgration

2.3.1.1 Cetrizine taken is whether affected by Age, Gender. Occupation,
Education and family income

Tool: Logistics Regration

Null Hypothesis: Cetrizine taken is not affected by Age, Gender. Occupation, Education and
family income.

Alternative Hypothesis: Cetrizine taken is affected by Age, Gender, Occupation, Education and
family income.

Logistic Regression

Notes
Output Created 03-Dec-2010 11:32:38
Comments
G:studyMBASTEVENS B SCHOOL
Data SEM 4MRMR projectspss
workConsumer data.sav
Active Dataset DataSet1
Input Filter <none>
Weight <none>
Split File <none>
N of Rows in Working Data
30
File
User-defined missing values are
Missing Value Handling Definition of Missing
treated as missing
LOGISTIC REGRESSION
VARIABLES Taken_Cetrizine
/METHOD=ENTER Age Gender
Occupation Qualification
Syntax
/CONTRAST (Qualification)=Indicator
/CONTRAST (Gender)=Indicator
/CONTRAST

Page 24 of 75


(Family_income_per_month_in_RS)=I
ndicator
/CONTRAST (Occupation)=Indicator
/CONTRAST (Age)=Indicator
/CLASSPLOT
/PRINT=GOODFIT CI(95)
/CRITERIA=PIN(0.05) POUT(0.10)
ITERATE(20) CUT(0.5).

Processor Time 0:00:00.015
Resources
Elapsed Time 0:00:00.016

Case Processing Summary
a
Unweighted Cases N Percent
Included in Analysis 30 100.0
Selected Cases Missing Cases 0 .0
Total 30 100.0
Unselected Cases 0 .0
Total 30 100.0
a. If weight is in effect, see classification table for the total number
of cases.

Dependent Variable
Encoding
Origin
al Internal Value
Value
Yes 0
No 1

Categorical Variables Codings
Parameter coding
Frequency (1) (2) (3)
Below Rs 15000 1 1.000 .000 .000
Family_income_per_month
Rs 15001 - Rs 30000 9 .000 1.000 .000
_in_RS
Rs 30001 - Rs 45000 8 .000 .000 1.000

Page 25 of 75


More than Rs 45000 12 .000 .000 .000
Salary 5 1.000 .000 .000
Professional 12 .000 1.000 .000
Occupation
business person 3 .000 .000 1.000
Student 10 .000 .000 .000
below 20yr 2 1.000 .000 .000
20 to below 30yr 18 .000 1.000 .000
Age
30 to below 40yr 3 .000 .000 1.000
above 40yr 7 .000 .000 .000
up to HSC 1 1.000 .000
Qualification Graduation 10 .000 1.000
post graduation 19 .000 .000
Male 16 1.000
Gender
Female 14 .000

Block 0: Beginning Block

Classification Tablea,b
Predicted
Taken_Cetrizine
Observed
Percentage
Yes No
Correct
Yes 21 0 100.0
Taken_Cetrizine
Step 0 No 9 0 .0
Overall Percentage 70.0
a. Constant is included in the model.
b. The cut value is .500

Variables in the Equation
B S.E. Wald df Sig. Exp(B)
Step 0 Constant -.847 .398 4.523 1 .033 .429

Block 1: Method = Enter

Omnibus Tests of Model Coefficients
Chi-square Df Sig.
Step 1 Step 13.315 12 .347

Page 26 of 75


Block 13.315 12 .347
Model 13.315 12 .347

Model Summary
-2 Log Cox & Snell R Nagelkerke R
Step
likelihood Square Square
a
1 23.337 .358 .508
a. Estimation terminated at iteration number 20 because
maximum iterations has been reached. Final solution cannot
be found.

Hosmer and Lemeshow Test
Step Chi-square df Sig.
1 2.382 7 .936

Contingency Table for Hosmer and Lemeshow Test
Taken_Cetrizine = Yes Taken_Cetrizine = No
Observed Expected Observed Expected Total
1 3 3.000 0 .000 3
2 3 3.000 0 .000 3
3 3 2.806 0 .194 3
4 3 3.353 1 .647 4
Step 1 5 2 2.320 1 .680 3
6 3 2.960 1 1.040 4
7 2 1.850 1 1.150 3
8 2 1.139 1 1.861 3
9 0 .571 4 3.429 4

Classification Tablea
Predicted
Taken_Cetrizine
Observed
Percentage
Yes No
Correct
Yes 19 2 90.5
Step 1 Taken_Cetrizine
No 4 5 55.6

Page 27 of 75


a. The cut value is .500


B S.E. Wald df Sig.
Age .004 3 1.000
Age(1) -22.261 23914.792 .000 1 .999
Age(2) -.095 1.446 .004 1 .948
Age(3) -.057 2.723 .000 1 .983
Gender(1) 1.291 1.210 1.138 1 .286
Occupation .602 3 .896
Occupation(1) -1.361 2.094 .422 1 .516
Occupation(2) .241 1.222 .039 1 .844
Occupation(3) -21.539 20541.074 .000 1 .999
Qualification .134 2 .935
a
Step 1 Qualification(1) -21.835 40192.970 .000 1 1.000
Qualification(2) -.526 1.438 .134 1 .714
3.833 3 .280
_in_RS
22.494 40192.970 .000 1 1.000
_in_RS(1)
2.233 1.536 2.115 1 .146
_in_RS(2)
-.924 1.831 .255 1 .614
_in_RS(3)
Constant -1.437 1.503 .914 1 .339
a. Variable(s) entered on step 1: Age, Gender, Occupation, Qualification,
Family_income_per_month_in_RS.

95% C.I.for EXP(B)
Exp(B) Lower Upper
Age(1) .000 .000 .
Age(2) .910 .053 15.486
a
Step 1 Age(3) .945 .005 196.453
Gender(1) 3.636 .339 38.965
Occupation(1) .256 .004 15.538

Page 28 of 75


Occupation(2) 1.272 .116 13.948
Occupation(3) .000 .000 .
Qualification(1) .000 .000 .
Qualification(2) .591 .035 9.890
5.872E9 .000 .
_in_RS(1)
9.332 .460 189.334
_in_RS(2)
.397 .011 14.366
_in_RS(3)
Constant .238

Interpretation:
In block 0 70% is increased to 80% in block 1.

Cox and sanell R square and nagelkerke R square value provide indication of amount of variation
explained by model. It should be in range of 0-1. Our data fall in this range.

The significance value is 0.936 which is more than 0.05. So. Null hypothesis is rejected and alternative
hypothesis is accepted. So, it means Cetrizine taken is affected by Age, Gender, Occupation, Education
and family income.

2.3.1.2 Cetrizine keep at home is whether affected by Age, Gender.
Occupation, Education and family income

Tool: Logistics Regration

Null Hypothesis: Cetrizine keep at home is not affected by Age, Gender. occupation, Education
and family income.

Alternative Hypothesis: Cetrizine keep at home is affected by Age, Gender, Occupation,
Education and family income.

Page 29 of 75


Logistic Regression

Notes
Comments
G:studyMBASTEVENS B SCHOOL
Data SEM 4MRMR projectspss
workConsumer data.sav
Input Filter <none>
Weight <none>
Split File <none>
N of Rows in Working Data
30
File
Missing Value Handling Definition of Missing
treated as missing
LOGISTIC REGRESSION
VARIABLES Cetrizine_at_home
/METHOD=ENTER Age Gender
Occupation Qualification
/CONTRAST (Qualification)=Indicator
/CONTRAST (Gender)=Indicator
/CONTRAST
Syntax (Family_income_per_month_in_RS)=I
ndicator
/CONTRAST (Occupation)=Indicator
/CONTRAST (Age)=Indicator
/CLASSPLOT
/PRINT=GOODFIT CI(95)
/CRITERIA=PIN(0.05) POUT(0.10)
ITERATE(20) CUT(0.5).

Resources

a
Unweighted Cases N Percent
Selected Cases Included in Analysis 30 100.0

Page 30 of 75


Missing Cases 0 .0
Total 30 100.0
Unselected Cases 0 .0
Total 30 100.0
a. If weight is in effect, see classification table for the total number
of cases.
Dependent Variable
Encoding
Origin
al Internal Value
Value
Yes 0
No 1

Categorical Variables Codings
Parameter coding
Frequency (1) (2) (3)
Below Rs 15000 1 1.000 .000 .000
Family_income_per_month Rs 15001 - Rs 30000 9 .000 1.000 .000
_in_RS Rs 30001 - Rs 45000 8 .000 .000 1.000
More than Rs 45000 12 .000 .000 .000
Salary 5 1.000 .000 .000
Professional 12 .000 1.000 .000
Occupation
business person 3 .000 .000 1.000
Student 10 .000 .000 .000
below 20yr 2 1.000 .000 .000
20 to below 30yr 18 .000 1.000 .000
Age
30 to below 40yr 3 .000 .000 1.000
above 40yr 7 .000 .000 .000
up to HSC 1 1.000 .000
Qualification Graduation 10 .000 1.000
post graduation 19 .000 .000
Male 16 1.000
Gender
Female 14 .000

Page 31 of 75


Block 0: Beginning Block
a,b
Classification Table
Predicted
Cetrizine_at_home
Observed
Percentage
Yes No
Correct
Yes 16 0 100.0
Cetrizine_at_home
Step 0 No 14 0 .0
a. Constant is included in the model.
b. The cut value is .500

B S.E. Wald df Sig. Exp(B)
Step 0 Constant -.134 .366 .133 1 .715 .875

Variables not in the Equation
Score df Sig.
Age 5.255 3 .154
Age(1) 1.875 1 .171
Age(2) .089 1 .765
Age(3) 3.810 1 .051
Gender(1) 1.265 1 .261
Occupation 5.625 3 .131
Occupation(1) 2.679 1 .102
Occupation(2) .089 1 .765
Occupation(3) .536 1 .464
Step 0 Variables
Qualification .923 2 .630
Qualification(1) .905 1 .341
Qualification(2) .067 1 .796
9.241 3 .026
_in_RS
.905 1 .341
_in_RS(1)
2.066 1 .151
_in_RS(2)

Page 32 of 75


3.519 1 .061
_in_RS(3)
Overall Statistics 19.015 12 .088

Block 1: Method = Enter

Omnibus Tests of Model Coefficients
Chi-square df Sig.
Step 26.935 12 .008
Step 1 Block 26.935 12 .008
Model 26.935 12 .008

Model Summary
-2 Log Cox & Snell R Nagelkerke R
Step
likelihood Square Square
a
1 14.520 .593 .791
a. Estimation terminated at iteration number 20 because
maximum iterations has been reached. Final solution cannot
be found.

Hosmer and Lemeshow Test
Step Chi-square df Sig.
1 2.345 8 .969

Contingency Table for Hosmer and Lemeshow Test
Cetrizine_at_home = Yes Cetrizine_at_home = No
Observed Expected Observed Expected Total
1 3 3.000 0 .000 3
2 3 3.000 0 .000 3
3 4 3.849 0 .151 4
4 2 2.502 1 .498 3
Step 1 5 2 1.978 1 1.022 3
6 2 1.166 1 1.834 3
7 0 .498 3 2.502 3
8 0 .007 3 2.993 3
9 0 .000 3 3.000 3

Page 33 of 75


10 0 .000 2 2.000 2

Classification Tablea
Predicted
Cetrizine_at_home
Observed
Percentage
Yes No
Correct
Yes 14 2 87.5
Cetrizine_at_home
Step 1 No 2 12 85.7
a. The cut value is .500


B S.E. Wald df Sig.
Age .170 3 .982
Age(1) -21.642 21653.026 .000 1 .999
Age(2) .951 2.308 .170 1 .680
Age(3) 37.545 21810.038 .000 1 .999
Gender(1) 2.284 1.961 1.357 1 .244
Occupation 1.357 3 .716
Occupation(1) 42.258 19995.536 .000 1 .998
Occupation(2) 2.284 1.961 1.357 1 .244
Occupation(3) 21.764 10726.633 .000 1 .998
Qualification .000 2 1.000
a
Step 1 Qualification(1) -66.088 44892.052 .000 1 .999
Qualification(2) -21.802 10726.633 .000 1 .998
2.846 3 .416
_in_RS
-20.553 40192.970 .000 1 1.000
_in_RS(1)
3.277 1.944 2.843 1 .092
_in_RS(2)
-.033 2.367 .000 1 .989
_in_RS(3)
Constant -3.885 2.732 2.022 1 .155

Page 34 of 75



95% C.I.for EXP(B)
Exp(B) Lower Upper
Age(1) .000 .000 .
Age(2) 2.588 .028 238.653
Age(3) 2.021E16 .000 .
Gender(1) 9.816 .210 457.933
Occupation(1) 2.251E18 .000 .
Occupation(2) 9.816 .210 457.933
Occupation(3) 2.832E9 .000 .

a Qualification(1) .000 .000 .
Step 1
Qualification(2) .000 .000 .
.000 .000 .
_in_RS(1)
26.507 .587 1196.808
_in_RS(2)
.968 .009 100.237
_in_RS(3)
Constant .021

Interpretation:
In block 0 53.3% is increased to 86.7% in block 1.

Cox and sanell R square and nagelkerke R square value provide indication of amount of variation
explained by model. It should be in range of 0-1. Our data fall in this range.

The significance value is 0.969 which is more than 0.05. So, Null hypothesis is rejected and alternative
hypothesis is accepted. So, it means Cetrizine keep at home is affected by Age, Gender, Occupation,
Education and family income.

Page 35 of 75


2.3.2 Crosstabs and Chi-Square

2.3.2.1 Cetrizine taken is whether affected by Age or not.

Tool: Chi-Square

Null Hypothesis: Cetrizine taken is not affected by Age.

Alternative Hypothesis: Cetrizine taken is affected by Age.

Crosstabs

Notes
Comments
G:studyMBASTEVENS B
SCHOOL SEM 4MRMR
Data
projectspss workConsumer
data.sav
Input
Filter <none>
Weight <none>
Split File <none>
N of Rows in Working
30
Data File
Definition of Missing
treated as missing.
Missing Value Statistics for each table are based
Handling on all the cases with valid data in
Cases Used
the specified range(s) for all
variables in each table.
CROSSTABS
/TABLES=Taken_Cetrizine BY Age
/FORMAT=AVALUE TABLES
/STATISTICS=CHISQ
Syntax
/CELLS=COUNT ROW COLUMN
TOTAL
/COUNT ROUND CELL.

Resources
Dimensions Requested 2
Cells Available 174762

Page 36 of 75



Cases

Valid Missing Total

N Percent N Percent N Percent

Taken_Cetrizine * Age 30 100.0% 0 .0% 30 100.0%

Taken_Cetrizine * Age Crosstabulation

Age

20 to below 30 to below
below 20yr
30yr 40yr

Count 2 12 2

% within Taken_Cetrizine 9.5% 57.1% 9.5%
Yes
% within Age 100.0% 66.7% 66.7%

% of Total 6.7% 40.0% 6.7%
Taken_Cetrizine
Count 0 6 1

% within Taken_Cetrizine .0% 66.7% 11.1%
No
% within Age .0% 33.3% 33.3%

% of Total .0% 20.0% 3.3%

Count 2 18 3

% within Taken_Cetrizine 6.7% 60.0% 10.0%
Total
% within Age 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

% of Total 6.7% 60.0% 10.0%

Taken_Cetrizine * Age Crosstabulation

Age

Page 37 of 75


above
Total
40yr
Count 5 21
% within
23.8% 100.0%
Yes Taken_Cetrizine
% within Age 71.4% 70.0%

Taken_Cetrizin % of Total 16.7% 70.0%
e Count 2 9
% within
22.2% 100.0%
No Taken_Cetrizine
% within Age 28.6% 30.0%

% of Total 6.7% 30.0%

Count 7 30
% within
23.3% 100.0%
Total Taken_Cetrizine
% within Age 100.0% 100.0%

% of Total 23.3% 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests
Asymp. Sig.
Value Df
(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square .975a 3 .807
Likelihood Ratio 1.542 3 .672
Linear-by-Linear
.045 1 .832
Association
N of Valid Cases 30
a. 6 cells (75.0%) have expected count less than 5. The
minimum expected count is .60.

Interpretation:
hypothesis is accepted. So, it means Cetrizine taken is affected by Age.

Page 38 of 75


2.3.2.2 Cetrizine taken is whether affected by gender or not.

Tool: Chi-Square

Null Hypothesis: Cetrizine taken is not affected by gender.

Alternative Hypothesis: Cetrizine taken is affected by gender.

Crosstabs

Notes
Comments
G:studyMBASTEVENS B
SCHOOL SEM 4MRMR
Data
data.sav
Input
Filter <none>
Weight <none>
Split File <none>
30
Data File
treated as missing.
Cases Used
CROSSTABS
/TABLES=Taken_Cetrizine BY
Gender
Syntax /STATISTICS=CHISQ
TOTAL
/COUNT ROUND CELL.

Resources

Page 39 of 75


Cases
Valid Missing Total
N Percent N Percent N Percent
Taken_Cetrizine *
30 100.0% 0 .0% 30 100.0%
Gender

Taken_Cetrizine * Gender Crosstabulation
Gender
Male Female Total
Count 11 10 21
% within
52.4% 47.6% 100.0%
Yes Taken_Cetrizine
% within Gender 68.8% 71.4% 70.0%
Taken_Cetrizin % of Total 36.7% 33.3% 70.0%
e Count 5 4 9
% within
55.6% 44.4% 100.0%
No Taken_Cetrizine
% within Gender 31.3% 28.6% 30.0%
% of Total 16.7% 13.3% 30.0%
Count 16 14 30
% within
53.3% 46.7% 100.0%
Total Taken_Cetrizine
% within Gender 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
% of Total 53.3% 46.7% 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests
Asymp. Sig. Exact Sig. (2- Exact Sig. (1-
Value df
(2-sided) sided) sided)
Pearson Chi-Square .026a 1 .873
b
Continuity Correction .000 1 1.000
Likelihood Ratio .026 1 .873
Fisher's Exact Test 1.000 .596
Linear-by-Linear
.025 1 .875
Association
N of Valid Cases 30
a. 2 cells (50.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 4.20.
b. Computed only for a 2x2 table

Interpretation:
hypothesis is accepted. So, it means Cetrizine taken is affected by gender.

Page 40 of 75


2.3.2.3 Cetrizine taken is whether affected by occupation or not.

Tool: Chi-Square

Null Hypothesis: Cetrizine taken is not affected by occupation.

Alternative Hypothesis: Cetrizine taken is affected by occupation.

Crosstabs

Notes
Comments
G:studyMBASTEVENS B
SCHOOL SEM 4MRMR
Data
data.sav
Input
Filter <none>
Weight <none>
Split File <none>
30
Data File
treated as missing.
Cases Used
CROSSTABS
/TABLES=Taken_Cetrizine BY
Occupation
Syntax /STATISTICS=CHISQ
TOTAL
/COUNT ROUND CELL.

Resources

Page 41 of 75

Report On Market Survey Of Cetrizine As Otc

Report On Market Survey Of Cetrizine As Otc

Recommandé

Recommandé

Contenu connexe

Tendances

Tendances (18)

En vedette

En vedette (6)

Similaire à Report On Market Survey Of Cetrizine As Otc

Similaire à Report On Market Survey Of Cetrizine As Otc (20)

Plus de Mitesh Shah

Plus de Mitesh Shah (7)

Report On Market Survey Of Cetrizine As Otc