Presentation about most eye disease "Retinal Detachment". Mohammed Al-Khali, Palestine MPH

1. RETINAL
DETACHMENT
Mohammed Al-Khaldi
MPH
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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2. RD related Epidemiological facts
• The incidence of RD in otherwise normal eyes is around 5 new
cases in 100,000 persons per year.
• RD is more frequent in middle-aged or elderly, with rates of
around 20 in 100,000 per year, and the lifetime risk in normal
individuals is about 1 in 300.
• RD is more common in people with severe myopia (above 5–6
diopters), in whom the retina is more thinly stretched. In such
patients, lifetime risk rises to 1 in 20.
• About two-thirds of cases of RD occur in myopics. Myopic
retinal detachment patients tend to be younger than non-myopic
ones.
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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3. Contd,
RD related Epidemiological facts
• RD is more frequent after surgery for cataracts. The estimated
long-term prevalence of RD after cataract surgery is in the
range of 5 to 16 per 1000 cataract operations, but is much
higher in patients who are highly myopic, with a prevalence of
up to 7% being reported in one study.
• A study found that the probability of experiencing retinal
detachment within 10 years of cataract surgery may be about 5
times higher than in the absence of treatment.
• Although RD usually occurs in just one eye, there is a 15%
chance of it developing in the other eye, and this risk increases
to 25–30% in patients who have had a retinal detachment and
cataracts extracted from both eyes.
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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4. RETINA
• light-sensitive layer
of tissue
• sends visual
messages through
the optic nerve
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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5. • pulled away from the underlying choroid
• small areas of the retina torn =>
retinal tears or retinal breaks
• retinal cells deprived of oxygen
• if not promptly treated => permanent vision loss
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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6. 02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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7. SYMPTOMS
• floaters - bits of debris in field of vision that
look like spots, hairs or strings
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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8. 02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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9. SYMPTOMS
• floaters
• light flashes
• shadow or curtain over a
portion of visual field
• blur in vision
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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10. Can occur as a result of:
• trauma
• advanced diabetes
• an inflammatory disorder, such as
sarcoidosis
• shrinkage of the jelly-like vitreous that fills
the inside of the eye
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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11. • vitreous liquid leaks through retinal tear and
accumulates underneath retina
• retina can peel away from underlying layer of
blood vessels
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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12. Factors that may increase risk of
retinal detachment
•
•
•
•
•
•
aging - more common in people older than 40
previous retinal detachment in one eye
family history of retinal detachment
extreme nearsightedness
previous eye surgery
previous severe eye injury or trauma
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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13. TREATMENTS
Retinal tears:
• laser surgery (photocoagulation)
• freezing (cryopexy)
Retinal detachment:
• pneumatic retinopexy
• scleral buckling
• vitrectomy
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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14. PHOTOCOAGULATION
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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15. CRYOPEXY
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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16. PNEUMATIC RETINOPEXY
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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17. PNEUMATIC RETINOPEXY
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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18. SCLERAL BUCKLING
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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19. VITRECTOMY
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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20. When a surgeon injects a bubble of
expandable gas into the vitreous
cavity it is called:
•
•
•
•
•
scleral buckling
vitrectomy
pneumatic retinopexy
photocoagulation
cryopexy
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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21. Important hint related to the
results of surgery
85 % of the cases dealt with successfully in a single
operation with 15 % of the remaining cases need to be
two or more. After treatment, patients regain their
vision therapists gradually over a period of a few weeks,
despite the fact that visual acuity may not be as good as
it was before the detachment, especially if the spot
included in the detachment.
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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22. Retinal detachment can occur as a
result of;
•Obesity
•Trauma
•Nearsightedness
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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23. When a surgeon uses intense cold to freeze the
retina around the retinal tear it is called;
• Scleral buckling
• Vitrectomy
• Pneumatic retinopexy
• Photocoagulation
• Cryopexy
02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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24. 02/15/14
Retinal Detachment, Mohammed Al-Khali,
2014, St John Eye Hospital.
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