def of life style life style diseases faulty & healthy life style ....etc

1. Human Lifestyle andHuman Lifestyle and
HealthHealth
Prepared by
Dr. Mona Mostafa Aboserea
Prof. of Public Health & Preventive medicine
Faculty of Medicine – Zagazig University

2. Subtitles:Subtitles:
Definitions & conceptsDefinitions & concepts
RationaleRationale
Unhealthy lifestyleUnhealthy lifestyle
Impact of unhealthy lifestylesImpact of unhealthy lifestyles
Factors affecting behavior changeFactors affecting behavior change
Approaches to lifestyle modificationApproaches to lifestyle modification
RecommendationsRecommendations
ReferencesReferences

3. Definitions
&
Concepts:

4. HealthHealth is a dynamic state of completeis a dynamic state of complete
physical, mental, social and spiritualphysical, mental, social and spiritual well-well-
being and not merely the absence of diseasebeing and not merely the absence of disease
or infirmityor infirmity (WHO.1984).(WHO.1984).
HealthHealth is “the capacity of people to adapt to,is “the capacity of people to adapt to,
respond to, or control life’s challenges andrespond to, or control life’s challenges and
changes” (Frankish, 1996)changes” (Frankish, 1996)
Optimal health:Optimal health: is defined as a balance ofis defined as a balance of
physical, emotional, social, spiritual, andphysical, emotional, social, spiritual, and
intellectual health.intellectual health.

5. lifestylelifestyle is a manner ofis a manner of
living that reflects theliving that reflects the
person'sperson's valuesvalues andand
attitudesattitudes..
Lifestyle: the way of living of
individuals, families, and societies,
which they manifest in coping with
their physical, psychological, social,
and economic environments on a day-
to-day basis.

6. Human lifestylesHuman lifestyles refer to anyrefer to any
combination of specific practices andcombination of specific practices and
environmental conditions reflectingenvironmental conditions reflecting
patterns of livingpatterns of living influenced byinfluenced by familyfamily
andand social historysocial history,, cultureculture, and, and socio-socio-
economic circumstanceeconomic circumstances.s.

7. Health BehaviorHealth Behavior is any activity peopleis any activity people
perform to maintain or improve theirperform to maintain or improve their
health, regardless of their perceivedhealth, regardless of their perceived
health status or whether the behaviorhealth status or whether the behavior
actually achieves that goalactually achieves that goal..
Health promotion:Health promotion: the science and artthe science and art
of helping people changeof helping people change their lifestyletheir lifestyle
to move toward a state ofto move toward a state of optimaloptimal
healthhealth..

8. Lifestyle diseasesLifestyle diseases (also called(also called diseases ofdiseases of
longevitylongevity oror diseases of civilizationdiseases of civilization) are) are
diseases that appear to increase in frequencydiseases that appear to increase in frequency
due todue to lifestyle changeslifestyle changes as:as:
--Atherosclerosis,Atherosclerosis,
-Diabetes mellitus,-Diabetes mellitus,
-Heart disease, -Hypertension & Stroke-Heart disease, -Hypertension & Stroke..
-Osteoporosis,-Osteoporosis,
-Chronic Liver Disease or cirrhosis,-Chronic Liver Disease or cirrhosis,
-Alzheimer disease,-Alzheimer disease,
--Cancer,Cancer,
-COPD.-COPD.

10. Rationale:Rationale:
Why tackle the topic ofWhy tackle the topic of
human lifestyles & health???human lifestyles & health???

11. Egypt is currently facing an epidemiologicalEgypt is currently facing an epidemiological
transition characterized by:transition characterized by:
A) Reduced mortality rates among infantsA) Reduced mortality rates among infants
and children.and children.
B) Rising prevalence of risk factors likeB) Rising prevalence of risk factors like
obesity, smoking and hypertension.obesity, smoking and hypertension.
C) A changing socioeconomic environmentC) A changing socioeconomic environment

12. Egypt is therefore affected by a double burden ofEgypt is therefore affected by a double burden of
disease.disease.
As the result of theAs the result of the demographicdemographic andand
epidemiologicalepidemiological transition, the major health andtransition, the major health and
population challengers are:population challengers are:
1-Population growth.1-Population growth.
2-Burden of endemic infectious diseases,2-Burden of endemic infectious diseases,
chronic diseases and accidents.chronic diseases and accidents.
3-Maternal, infant and childhood mortality.3-Maternal, infant and childhood mortality.
4-Increase prevalence of risk factors such4-Increase prevalence of risk factors such
smoking and addiction and their complications.smoking and addiction and their complications.

13. UnhealthyUnhealthy
(faulty) human lifestyles habits(faulty) human lifestyles habits

14. Physical inactivity.Physical inactivity.
•According to CDC’s
Behavioral Risk Factors
Surveillance System;
nearly 25% of adults survey
reported having no physical
activity
•The prevalence of abdominal
obesity among Egyptian men is
37.1% and 50.8% among
Egyptian women

15. Unhealthy eating &Unhealthy eating &
faulty food habitsfaulty food habits
Prevalence of DM is
increasing in Egypt to more
than 15% among adults
(International Diabetic
Federation. 2017)

16. SmokingSmoking
Prevalence of smoking
in Egypt was high
among adolescents &
adults males (38.5%)
and 1.5% among
females (CAPMAS.
Cairo. 2016)
Do you know:

17. Drinking alcoholDrinking alcohol
WHO Regional Office for the
Eastern Mediterranean
estimates that the extent of:
Alcohol use in Egypt is
moderate

18. Drug abuseDrug abuse
Taking drugsTaking drugs
interferes withinterferes with
concentration andconcentration and
memory.memory.
Taking drugsTaking drugs
interferes withinterferes with
accomplishingaccomplishing
your goals andyour goals and
dreams.dreams.

19. Lack of sleep, stress,Lack of sleep, stress,

20. Lack of Sleep Causes;Lack of Sleep Causes;
Difficulties with memory andDifficulties with memory and
learninglearning
Increased irritabilityIncreased irritability
AccidentsAccidents
IllnessIllness
Lack of energyLack of energy
StressStress
DepressionDepression

21. Lack of sleep causesLack of sleep causes
Weight gainWeight gain
Rapid agingRapid aging
HallucinationsHallucinations

22. Degrades Mental performance by
25% in every 24-hour sleepless
period.
Lack of Sleep:

23. Lack of safe measuresLack of safe measures

24. Lack of practicing safe sexLack of practicing safe sex

25. Impact of human lifestylesImpact of human lifestyles
on healthon health
The epidemic of unhealthy lifestyles
increased the risk of health
consequences worldwide

26. Increased morbidities fromIncreased morbidities from lifestylelifestyle
diseasesdiseases
Smoking, drug addiction, alcoholSmoking, drug addiction, alcohol
abuseabuse
Increase risk ofIncrease risk of accidents & injuriesaccidents & injuries
Stress, depression, anxietyStress, depression, anxiety
Lack of social relationshipLack of social relationship
Increased mortalities & prematureIncreased mortalities & premature
deathsdeaths

27. Lifestyle as a healthLifestyle as a health
problemproblem
Almost 80% of deaths in the
Egypt today could be
prevented through a healthy
lifestyle program.

28. Factors affecting humanFactors affecting human
lifestyleslifestyles

30. Theoretical Frame work for theTheoretical Frame work for the
Healthy lifestylesHealthy lifestyles
OrOr
Behavior changeBehavior change

31. HEALTHY LIFESTYLESHEALTHY LIFESTYLES
Creating a Culture that Fosters Health;Creating a Culture that Fosters Health;
Interdependence between lifestyle and socialInterdependence between lifestyle and social
environmentenvironment
Collective and individual lifestylesCollective and individual lifestyles
Fostering a Collective Orientation to Health;Fostering a Collective Orientation to Health;
1.1. My health impacts the lifestyles of others.My health impacts the lifestyles of others.
2.2. My actions influence the lifestyles of otherMy actions influence the lifestyles of other
people.people.
3.3. I influence the conditions in my communityI influence the conditions in my community
that contribute to healthy lifestyles.that contribute to healthy lifestyles.
4.4. We (acting together) influence the health ofWe (acting together) influence the health of
others.others.

32. Behavior Change PrinciplesBehavior Change Principles
Maximizing individualMaximizing individual relevancerelevance -through-through
assessments, feedback and tailoringassessments, feedback and tailoring
TailoringTailoring to stage-of-change, individual dietto stage-of-change, individual diet
habits, exercise preferenceshabits, exercise preferences
Goal settingGoal setting
Small-stepsSmall-steps toward new habitstoward new habits
ContinuedContinued feedbackfeedback and reinforcementand reinforcement
IncreasingIncreasing saliencesalience and motivation throughand motivation through
health information, tips and remindershealth information, tips and reminders
EncouragingEncouraging social supportsocial support

33. BEHAVIOR CHANGE TOOLS
CommitmentCommitment ;;
people who have initially agreed to a small request arepeople who have initially agreed to a small request are
subsequently more likely to agree to a larger requestsubsequently more likely to agree to a larger request
PromptsPrompts;;
people have to remember to perform the desired actionspeople have to remember to perform the desired actions
NormsNorms;;
social guidelines for behaviorsocial guidelines for behavior
IncentivesIncentives;;
particularly useful when motivation to engage in action isparticularly useful when motivation to engage in action is
lowlow

34. Making Positive Changes inMaking Positive Changes in
Your LifeYour Life
1-Stage of change model:1-Stage of change model:
Pre-contemplationPre-contemplation; unaware of the problem.; unaware of the problem.
ContemplationContemplation-thinking seriously about-thinking seriously about
taking actiontaking action
PreparationPreparation-making a strategy for change-making a strategy for change
ActionAction- just do it- just do it
MaintenanceMaintenance-keep doing it-keep doing it
RelapseRelapse
Exit stageExit stage; maintaining safer life; maintaining safer life

35. Stage of change model (as in REVOLVING
DOOR)
11-
17-

36. 2-Health Belief Model2-Health Belief Model
1-a belief in susceptibility1-a belief in susceptibility (or belief that you(or belief that you
could have the disease and not know it in thecould have the disease and not know it in the
case of undertaking screening or treatment forcase of undertaking screening or treatment for
conditions such as hypertension),conditions such as hypertension),
2-a belief in the severity2-a belief in the severity of the consequences ofof the consequences of
not taking action.not taking action.
3-a belief influencing action3-a belief influencing action is that the benefitsis that the benefits
of treatment or intervention will outweigh the costsof treatment or intervention will outweigh the costs
(including social benefits and costs such as(including social benefits and costs such as
inconvenience, discomfort, or embarrassment).inconvenience, discomfort, or embarrassment).

37. 3-SOCIAL MARKETING3-SOCIAL MARKETING
GoalGoal:: to reach people with ato reach people with a SOCIALSOCIAL
message that will help them decide tomessage that will help them decide to
change their behavior.change their behavior.
Marketing Mix StrategyMarketing Mix Strategy;;
 ProductProduct
 PricePrice
 PlacePlace
 PromotionPromotion
 PublicsPublics
 PartnershipPartnership
 PolicyPolicy
 Purse stringPurse string

38. COMMUNITY- BASED SOCIAL MARKETINGCOMMUNITY- BASED SOCIAL MARKETING
‘’CBSM’’‘’CBSM’’
Fostering sustainable behaviorFostering sustainable behavior
change…..change…..
Four steps in CBSMFour steps in CBSM::
1.1. Identify the barriers and benefits toIdentify the barriers and benefits to
an activityan activity
2.2. Develop a communication strategyDevelop a communication strategy
that utilizes behavior change toolsthat utilizes behavior change tools
3.3. Pilot the strategyPilot the strategy
4.4. EvaluateEvaluate

39. 4-Social Learning Theory4-Social Learning Theory
To promote individual behavior change,To promote individual behavior change,
self-efficacyself-efficacy is a predictor of short & longis a predictor of short & long
term achievement.term achievement.
One strategy for enhancing self-efficacy isOne strategy for enhancing self-efficacy is
recognized as ‘recognized as ‘setting small, incrementalsetting small, incremental
goalsgoals’’ such as exercising for 10 minutes’’ such as exercising for 10 minutes
each day.each day. SMALL STEPS STRATEGYSMALL STEPS STRATEGY

40. Barriers to behavior change:Barriers to behavior change:
InternalInternal (lack of knowledge,(lack of knowledge,
absence of motivation)absence of motivation)
ExternalExternal (changes that need to(changes that need to
occur for the behavior to beoccur for the behavior to be
more convenient or affordable)more convenient or affordable)

41. Healthy Lifestyle HabitsHealthy Lifestyle Habits

42. CHOICES AND CHANCES FOR A HEALTHYCHOICES AND CHANCES FOR A HEALTHY
LIFESTYLELIFESTYLE
ChancesChances ::
Opportunities and limitations for choice varyOpportunities and limitations for choice vary
considerablyconsiderably
The social gradientThe social gradient
Social inclusion and exclusionSocial inclusion and exclusion
ChoicesChoices::
Macro “Macro “choice pointschoice points” over the life cycle” over the life cycle
Micro “Micro “choice pointschoice points” in daily interaction” in daily interaction

43. Healthy Lifestyle HabitsHealthy Lifestyle Habits
CDC and Prevention recently found thatCDC and Prevention recently found that
87% of Heart disease, 93% of Diabetes,87% of Heart disease, 93% of Diabetes,
and 37% Cancers can beand 37% Cancers can be
PREVENTEDPREVENTED andand REVERSEDREVERSED withwith
Healthy Lifestyle ChoicesHealthy Lifestyle Choices

44. ““The doctor of the future will giveThe doctor of the future will give
no medicine but will interest hisno medicine but will interest his
patients in the care of healthypatients in the care of healthy
lifestyles.”lifestyles.” By Thomas EdisonBy Thomas Edison

45. Approaches to Healthy LifestylesApproaches to Healthy Lifestyles
oror
Lifestyle modificationsLifestyle modifications

46. Keys of healthy lifestyle:Keys of healthy lifestyle:
Participate in a lifetime physical activityParticipate in a lifetime physical activity
programprogram
Eat three nutritious meals each dayEat three nutritious meals each day
Avoid meaningless snackingAvoid meaningless snacking
Maintain healthy weightMaintain healthy weight
Do not smoke cigarettesDo not smoke cigarettes
Get enough sleepGet enough sleep
Avoid alcohol consumptionAvoid alcohol consumption
Control stressControl stress
Healthy lifestyle habitsHealthy lifestyle habits

47. Healthy lifestyle habitsHealthy lifestyle habits
Prevention of drug abusePrevention of drug abuse
Practicing safe sexPracticing safe sex
Surround yourself with healthy friendshipsSurround yourself with healthy friendships
& relationships& relationships
Be informed about the environmentBe informed about the environment
Increase HEALTH educationIncrease HEALTH education
Take personal safety measuresTake personal safety measures
POSITIVE attitudes in the communityPOSITIVE attitudes in the community
Protect yourself from diseases by SeekingProtect yourself from diseases by Seeking
early health careearly health care

48. I-Physical activity & Regular ExerciseI-Physical activity & Regular Exercise::

49. Regular Moderate Physical ActivityRegular Moderate Physical Activity
(at least 30 min/ day) Reduces the risks of:(at least 30 min/ day) Reduces the risks of:
Heart Disease by 40 to 50 %Heart Disease by 40 to 50 %
Stroke by 30 to 50 %Stroke by 30 to 50 %
Diabetes (Type II) by 30 to 40 %Diabetes (Type II) by 30 to 40 %
Breast Cancer by 20 to 30 %Breast Cancer by 20 to 30 %
Colon Cancer by 30 to 50 %Colon Cancer by 30 to 50 %
Osteoporosis by 40 to 50 %Osteoporosis by 40 to 50 %
Premature Death by 30 to 50 %Premature Death by 30 to 50 %

50. By Walking 30 to 45 minutes 5 or moreBy Walking 30 to 45 minutes 5 or more
days/week, you will delay the onset ofdays/week, you will delay the onset of
disability by 10 to 12 years!!disability by 10 to 12 years!!
Physical Activity is POWERFUL MEDICINE!!

51. II-Healthy Eating & NutritionII-Healthy Eating & Nutrition
Nutrition: You Are What You EatNutrition: You Are What You Eat

52. 10 Healthy tips for food habits10 Healthy tips for food habits
Watch portion sizes.Watch portion sizes.
Slow down when eating.Slow down when eating.
Don't use food as a rewardDon't use food as a reward
Eat Breakfast.Eat Breakfast.
Drink plenty of waterDrink plenty of water
Structure family eating.Structure family eating.
Food substitutes & use food exchange food list.Food substitutes & use food exchange food list.
Fill up on vegetables.Fill up on vegetables.
Avoid stocking the fridge and pantry withAvoid stocking the fridge and pantry with
unhealthy choices.unhealthy choices.
Be preparedBe prepared

53. Healthy school mealsHealthy school meals

54. Suggestions for Healthy FoodSuggestions for Healthy Food
ChoicesChoices
Two thirds of the dinner plate shouldTwo thirds of the dinner plate should
be covered with fruits, vegetables,be covered with fruits, vegetables,
whole grains and beanswhole grains and beans
Eat a variety of grains daily, especiallyEat a variety of grains daily, especially
whole grainswhole grains
Limit solid fats such as butter,Limit solid fats such as butter,
margarinemargarine

55. Suggestions for Healthy FoodSuggestions for Healthy Food
ChoicesChoices
Moderate your intake of sugarModerate your intake of sugar
Choose and prepare foods with lessChoose and prepare foods with less
saltsalt

59. Drinking more than 1.5 liters Water DailyDrinking more than 1.5 liters Water Daily
Will help you Lose WeightWill help you Lose Weight
Burn (metabolize) Body Fat!!Burn (metabolize) Body Fat!!
Will Reduce Joint pain and StiffnessWill Reduce Joint pain and Stiffness
Increases Your EnergyIncreases Your Energy
Speeds your bodies recovery and the healing processSpeeds your bodies recovery and the healing process
after an injury OR a hard days workafter an injury OR a hard days work

60. III-Smoking cessation:III-Smoking cessation:
Smoking is a serious risk.Smoking is a serious risk.
Think twice before starting.Think twice before starting.

61. IV-Maintain a Healthy Body WeightIV-Maintain a Healthy Body Weight

62. Maintain a healthy weight through:Maintain a healthy weight through:
Healthy eating;Healthy eating;
-take your breakfast.-take your breakfast.
-Cut out snacks and desserts-Cut out snacks and desserts..
-Eat less of everything-Eat less of everything..
-Cut down on fat-Cut down on fat..
-Don’t eat at night-Don’t eat at night ..
-Eat more fruit and vegetables-Eat more fruit and vegetables..
-Count calories-Count calories..
-Eat less red meat-Eat less red meat ..
-Use low-calorie foods-Use low-calorie foods..
ExerciseExercise

66. V-Stress ManagementV-Stress Management
1. Decrease or Discontinue Caffeine1. Decrease or Discontinue Caffeine
2. Regular Exercise2. Regular Exercise
3. Relaxation3. Relaxation
4. Sleep4. Sleep
5.5. Time-outs and LeisureTime-outs and Leisure
6. Realistic Expectations6. Realistic Expectations
7. Reframing7. Reframing
8. Belief Systems8. Belief Systems
9. Ventilation/Support System9. Ventilation/Support System
10. Humor10. Humor

67. VI-Prevention of drug &VI-Prevention of drug &
alcohol abusealcohol abuse

68. VII-Safe Sex & Healthy LifestylesVII-Safe Sex & Healthy Lifestyles
Use a latex condomUse a latex condom
To prevent STDsTo prevent STDs

69. Limit Your RiskLimit Your Risk
Do not share needlesDo not share needles
Reduce or eliminate risky behaviorsReduce or eliminate risky behaviors

70. VIII-Positive attitudes in the community;VIII-Positive attitudes in the community;
1-It maintain the chemical balance of our body1-It maintain the chemical balance of our body
& keep us healthy.& keep us healthy.
2-We take better decisions for our problems.2-We take better decisions for our problems.
3-It make a pleasant personality.3-It make a pleasant personality.
4-Life becomes enjoyable.4-Life becomes enjoyable.
5-Motivate others.5-Motivate others.
6-Improve productivity.6-Improve productivity.
7-It makes us important member in the7-It makes us important member in the
society.society.
8-Everybody likes us.8-Everybody likes us.

71. Get Enough SleepGet Enough Sleep
It is important for learning andIt is important for learning and
brain functionbrain function
It is important for good healthIt is important for good health

72. Lifestyles and Human HealthLifestyles and Human Health
CareCare
Lifestyle related chronic diseases pose aLifestyle related chronic diseases pose a
major threat to human health caremajor threat to human health care
Lifestyle changes are becoming the mostLifestyle changes are becoming the most
needed aspect of human health care. Theneeded aspect of human health care. The
importance of a healthy lifestyle is beingimportance of a healthy lifestyle is being
stressed all over the world.stressed all over the world.
Researchers have enough evidence toResearchers have enough evidence to
prove that healthy lifestyle improves theprove that healthy lifestyle improves the
health of entire communities.health of entire communities.

73. RecommendationsRecommendations
From the present review we recommendFrom the present review we recommend
Adopting different healthyAdopting different healthy
lifestyles programslifestyles programs..

74. To establish health promotion practice as anTo establish health promotion practice as an
integral part of the population and to promoteintegral part of the population and to promote
the promotion of healthy lifestyles to improvethe promotion of healthy lifestyles to improve
public health.public health.
To encourage the population to adoptTo encourage the population to adopt
healthier lifestyles by making changes in theirhealthier lifestyles by making changes in their
eating habits & adding physical activity toeating habits & adding physical activity to
their every day routines.their every day routines.
Aim:Aim:

75. Objectives:Objectives:
To Increase the population awareness about lifestyleTo Increase the population awareness about lifestyle
diseases & provide information and individual solutionsdiseases & provide information and individual solutions
that can help motivate changes in attitudes & behavior.that can help motivate changes in attitudes & behavior.
To Increase their awareness about healthy lifestyle.To Increase their awareness about healthy lifestyle.
To assess knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, & behaviorTo assess knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, & behavior
concerning a healthy lifestyle among adults (18-60ysconcerning a healthy lifestyle among adults (18-60ys
old).old).
To assess current barriers both perceived & actualTo assess current barriers both perceived & actual
towards achieving a healthy lifestyle.towards achieving a healthy lifestyle.
To evaluate the effectiveness of health educationTo evaluate the effectiveness of health education
program for the healthy life style & disease prevention.program for the healthy life style & disease prevention.

76. MethodologyMethodology
Study designStudy design:: an interventional communityan interventional community
based educational study.based educational study.
Study settings:Study settings: community based programscommunity based programs
at different places including; schools,at different places including; schools,
universities, work places, clubs, religiousuniversities, work places, clubs, religious
organizations, social places …..etcorganizations, social places …..etc
Target group:Target group: adults, both sex, parents withadults, both sex, parents with
children less than 18 ys.children less than 18 ys.

77.  Study tools:Study tools:
A-surveyA-survey questionnairequestionnaire
B-B-focus group discussionfocus group discussion &&
C-C-In-depth interviewsIn-depth interviews with the studywith the study
groups.groups.
D-D-Health educationHealth education through;through;
group discussions, face to face healthgroup discussions, face to face health
education, lectures, distribution of theeducation, lectures, distribution of the
message through brochures, posters,message through brochures, posters,
mass media, web sites, & face book.mass media, web sites, & face book.

78. Strategy:Strategy:
Encourage people to find a friend or family members toEncourage people to find a friend or family members to
exercise .exercise .
Healthy lifestyle should be encouraged & sponsored by theHealthy lifestyle should be encouraged & sponsored by the
government as a lot of people pay attention to thegovernment as a lot of people pay attention to the
governmental intervention programsgovernmental intervention programs ‘’health is an issue‘’health is an issue
just like violence is an issue’’.just like violence is an issue’’.
The government would do;The government would do;
1.1. -healthy food less expensive,-healthy food less expensive,
2.2. -face fast food restaurants to serve healthier food,-face fast food restaurants to serve healthier food,
3.3. -Education of children in schools about nutrition,-Education of children in schools about nutrition,
4.4. -serve healthier food to children at schools,-serve healthier food to children at schools,
5.5. -Give out free gym,-Give out free gym,
6.6. -prohibition of cigarette sales.-prohibition of cigarette sales.
7.7. -proper supervision of drugs & alcohol use…..etc-proper supervision of drugs & alcohol use…..etc

79.  Messages:Messages:
Specific message targeting each group.Specific message targeting each group.
About benefits of healthy life stylesAbout benefits of healthy life styles
Hazards of unhealthy or faulty lifestylesHazards of unhealthy or faulty lifestyles
Examples of healthy life stylesExamples of healthy life styles
How to choose a healthy lifestyleHow to choose a healthy lifestyle
Find a partner to exercise withFind a partner to exercise with
How to exercise while watching TVHow to exercise while watching TV
How to cook a healthy meal that was simple to make & that tastedHow to cook a healthy meal that was simple to make & that tasted
goodgood
Choose ⁄ make a healthy snackChoose ⁄ make a healthy snack
How to quit smoking or drug abuseHow to quit smoking or drug abuse
How to practice safe sexHow to practice safe sex
How to follow up & maintain a healthy behaviorHow to follow up & maintain a healthy behavior
How to maintain an ideal body weightHow to maintain an ideal body weight
When to seek early medical advice or screening services …….etcWhen to seek early medical advice or screening services …….etc

80.  Resources:Resources:
Human resources:Human resources: trained personnel about healthiertrained personnel about healthier
lifestyles & how to adopt it easily. (medical, paramedical,lifestyles & how to adopt it easily. (medical, paramedical,
mass media personnel, social workers, teachers atmass media personnel, social workers, teachers at
schools, community participations and sometimesschools, community participations and sometimes
political leaders, or from organizations ….etc)political leaders, or from organizations ….etc)
Money or financial supportMoney or financial support:: for data collection,for data collection,
preparation for the intervention programs, motivators,preparation for the intervention programs, motivators,
…………
MaterialsMaterials:: required for the implementation of theserequired for the implementation of these
healthier life styles.healthier life styles.
Time:Time: to be suitable for the target group.to be suitable for the target group.
Information:Information: from different sources as researches,from different sources as researches,
textbooks, previous programs, internet, experts (nationaltextbooks, previous programs, internet, experts (national
& international levels)…….etc.& international levels)…….etc.

81.  Explaining motivators for healthy lifestyles:Explaining motivators for healthy lifestyles:
potential motivators were varied as;potential motivators were varied as;
Health scareHealth scare: they found themselves personally at risk,: they found themselves personally at risk,
Self-esteem, self-confidence, ability to achieve a goalSelf-esteem, self-confidence, ability to achieve a goal..
Doing forDoing for oneself-physicallyoneself-physically: to feel better, be more: to feel better, be more
energetic, to look more attractive.energetic, to look more attractive.
Doing it forDoing it for one’s childrenone’s children,,
Becoming angry with myself, seeing numbers on theBecoming angry with myself, seeing numbers on the
weighing scale that are shocking or heavy to buy biggerweighing scale that are shocking or heavy to buy bigger
clothing.clothing.
Doing something now so it will become a desperateDoing something now so it will become a desperate
situation later in life.situation later in life.
Note that; there was a sense that the motivation had toNote that; there was a sense that the motivation had to
come from within.come from within.

82.  Determine the expected barriers or constraints:Determine the expected barriers or constraints:
The population may had many excuses for why they were unable to live aThe population may had many excuses for why they were unable to live a
healthy lifestyle as follows;healthy lifestyle as follows;
No enough time: family & personal obligations.No enough time: family & personal obligations.
Being too tired or too lazy.Being too tired or too lazy.
Too expensive to eat healthy food.Too expensive to eat healthy food.
Too expensive to join a gym.Too expensive to join a gym.
Don’t know to cook healthy meals.Don’t know to cook healthy meals.
Difficult to quit smoke.Difficult to quit smoke.
It isn’t easy to avoid stress.It isn’t easy to avoid stress.
Too difficult to stay motivated.Too difficult to stay motivated.
Too hard to do it alone (Too hard to do it alone (without family or household support).without family or household support).
Lack of ability or capacity to self-monitor or maintain progress.Lack of ability or capacity to self-monitor or maintain progress.
Lack of helpful information.Lack of helpful information.
Lack of motivation.Lack of motivation. ((I don’t have the time. My wife and kids take up the((I don’t have the time. My wife and kids take up the
little free time I have)).little free time I have)).
Take time to see results.Take time to see results.

83. Evaluation of these healthier life stylesEvaluation of these healthier life styles
programsprograms::
Outcome indicators should be assessed;Outcome indicators should be assessed;
Impact of these healthier life styles on health;Impact of these healthier life styles on health;
reflected by the morbidity rates of lifestylereflected by the morbidity rates of lifestyle
diseases & mortality rates after long termdiseases & mortality rates after long term
program.program.
Rate of food consumption, quantity & quality ofRate of food consumption, quantity & quality of
food itemsfood items
Criteria of food balance sheet.Criteria of food balance sheet.
Early screening results.Early screening results.
Prevalence rates of smoking, drug abuse….Prevalence rates of smoking, drug abuse….

84. Sustainability & maintenance ofSustainability & maintenance of
these lifestyle programsthese lifestyle programs;;
through its dissemination onthrough its dissemination on
mass media, educational curriculum,mass media, educational curriculum,
websites at the internet, face bookwebsites at the internet, face book
for local and national media.for local and national media.
 Repeated messages over longRepeated messages over long
period of time with updatedperiod of time with updated
approaches to keep the targetapproaches to keep the target
groups engaged & motivated.groups engaged & motivated.

86. Finally; "Adopting a healthy lifestyleFinally; "Adopting a healthy lifestyle
does not mean that you have to stopdoes not mean that you have to stop
enjoying life"enjoying life"

87. I wishI wish
Good Health to You!Good Health to You!
Thank youThank you