1. CLASSIFICATION OF COPPER
AND COPPER ALLOYS

2. Designated of alloys
1. WROUGHT ALLOYS
DESIGNATED C16000 - C79999
FORGED,ROLLED,HOT AND COLD WORK CAN BE DONE
Generic name UNS numbers Composition
Wrought alloys
Coppers C10100-C15760 >99%Cu
High-copper alloys C16200-C19600 >96%Cu
Brasses C20500-C28580 Cu-Zn
Leaded brasses C31200-C38590 Cu-Zn-Pb
Tin brasses C40400-C49080 Cu-Zn-Sn-Pb
Phosphor bronzes C50100-C52400 Cu-Sn-P
Leaded phosphor bronzes C53200-C54800 Cu-Sn-Pb-P
Copper-phosphorus and copper-silver
phosphorus alloys
C55180-C55284 Cu-P-Ag
Aluminum bronzes C60600-C64400 Cu-Al-Ni-Fe-Si-Sn
Silicon bronzes C64700-C66100 Cu-Si-Sn
Other copper-zinc alloys C66400-C69900
Copper-nickels C70000-C79900 Cu-Ni-Fe
Nickel silvers C73200-C79900 Cu-Ni-Zn
Unified
Numbering
System(UNS)
Three digit xxx
UNS of five digits
xxxxx
Starts with C

3. 2. CAST ALLOYS
DESIGNATED C81300 - C99999
THESE ALLOYS CAN BE CASTED
Cast alloys
Coppers C80100-C81100 >99%Cu
High-copper alloys C81300-C82800 >96%Cu
Red and leaded red brasses C83300-C85800 Cu-Zn-Sn-Pb(75-89%Cu)
Yellow and leaded yellow
brasses
C85200-C85800 Cu-Zn-Sn-Pb(57-74%Cu)
Manganese bronzes and leaded
manganese bronzes
C86100-C86800 Cu-Zn-Mn-Fe-Pb
Silicon bronzes, silicon brasses C87300-C87900 Cu-Zn-Si
Tin bronzes and leaded tin
bronzes
C90200-C94500 Cu-Sn-Zn-Pb
Nickel-tin bronzes C94700-C94900 Cu-Ni-Sn-Zn-Pb
Aluminum bronzes C95200-C95810 Cu-Al-Fe-Ni
Copper-nickels C96200-C96800 Cu-Ni-Fe
Nickel silvers C97300-C97800 Cu-Ni-Zn-Pb-Sn
Leaded coppers C98200-C98800 Cu-Pb
Miscellaneous alloys C99300-C99750

4. Classification of copper alloys
 THERE ARE FIVE DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATION OF COPPER ALLOYS
1)Unalloyed Copper
2)Brasses
• Copper – Zinc alloys
• Copper – Lead alloys
• Copper – Zinc alloys with
Tin and Aluminium additions
3)Bronze
• Copper – Tin alloys
• Copper – Aluminium alloys
• Copper – Silicon alloys
• Copper – Beryllium alloys
4) Cu-Ni based
• Cupronickel (Cu-Ni)
• Nickel silver (Cu-Ni-Zn
5) Nickel silver

5. 1)Unalloyed Copper
 Copper content > 99.3%
Roughly classify into three categories
• Electrolytic tough pitch
This copper contains 99.9% Cu with 0.045 O content
• Oxygen – free
Oxygen-free copper is produced from electrorefined cathode
copper which is melt and cast in a reducing atmosphere of CO and N to
prevent O.
• Phosphorus deoxidized
Phosphorus is sufficiently added to produce
phosphoruspentoxide P2O5

6. 2) Brass
There are two Class of brass
 The alpha alloys
with less than 37% Zinc. These alloys
are ductile and can be cold worked.
 The alpha/beta or duplex alloys
with 37-45% Zinc. These alloys have
limited cold ductility and are typically
harder and stronger
 Families of Brass
 Cast alloy brasses
 Copper-Tin-Zinc alloys (red, semi-
red and yellow brasses)
 Cast Copper-Bismuth and Copper-
Bismuth-Selenium alloys.
 Copper-Zinc-Silicon alloys (Silicon
brasses and bronzes)
 wrought alloy brasses
 Copper-Zinc alloys
 Copper-Zinc-Tin alloys (Tin brasses)
 Copper-Zinc-Lead alloys (Leaded
brasses)

7. 3) Bronze
families of bronze are
 Cast bronze alloys
 Copper-Tin alloys (Tin Bronzes)
 Copper-Tin-Lead alloys (Leaded
and high leaded Tin Bronzes)
 Copper-Tin-Nickel alloys (nickel-tin
bronzes)
 Copper-Aluminium alloys
(Aluminium Bronzes)
 Wrought alloys
 Copper-Tin-Phosphorus alloys
(Phosphor Bronzes)
 Copper-Tin-Lead-Phosphorus alloys
(Leaded Phosphor Bronzes)
 Copper-Aluminium alloys
(Aluminium Bronzes)

8. Alloying Element
 Strength
 Color
 Electrical and thermal conductivity
 Machinability
 Corrosion resistant
 Wear resistant

10. Special Alloys
which don't fall in any category which are
mentioned
 FREE MACHINING COPPERS
 COPPER-TUNGSTEN ALLOY