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1. Animal studies: Lorenz & Harlow
• Animal studies of attachment: Lorenz
& Harlow.

2. Animal studies: Harlow
Harry Harlow

3. Animal studies: Harlow
• Harlow observed that baby monkey’s kept in a bare
cage with food and water often died.
• Harlow also wanted to test the hypothesis that animals
learn to make an attachment to the animal that feeds
them.
• He set up a series of experiments to find out why.

4. Animal studies: Harlow
• He put a baby monkey in a cage with a bare wire
‘mother monkey’ and a cloth covered wire ‘mother
monkey’.
• In one condition the wire mother dispensed milk.
• In a second condition the cloth covered mother
dispensed milk.

5. Animal studies: Harlow

6. Animal studies: Harlow
• Harlow measured how long the baby monkey
spent clinging to the cloth or wired covered
mother.
• He also recorded which mother baby monkey
went to when frightened.

7. Animal studies: Harlow
• Read the textbook extract ‘Even baby monkey’s
need comfort more than food’ – Harlow (1959)
and complete the key study summary sheet.

8. Evaluation: strengths
• Harlow’s research was a major influence on
developmental psychology.
• It identified the role of contact comfort in the formation
of attachment.
• It identified the role of attachment in healthy social and
emotional development.
• Harlow’s research has had a practical effect on the
training of social workers and child health care
professionals.

9. Evaluation: strengths
• It influenced the development of Bowlby’s
maternal deprivation hypothesis.
• Harlow’s research has had a practical effect on
the training of social workers and child health
care professionals.

10. Evaluation: limitations
• Harlow’s research raised serious ethical issues.
• We may not be able to generalise the findings of
Harlow’s research to human attachment
behaviour.

11. Animal studies: Harlow
• Read p.14 in the Attachment booklet and
use your notes to complete the evaluation
table.