1. BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCAN
 Brain scan is an interactive quiz for useBrain scan is an interactive quiz for use
as a revision/ learning reinforcement toolas a revision/ learning reinforcement tool
that accompanies the theory package.that accompanies the theory package.
 To answer a question click the mouse onTo answer a question click the mouse on
the gold diamond shapes.the gold diamond shapes.
 To return to the questions from anTo return to the questions from an
answer slide click anywhere.answer slide click anywhere.
 To progress click on ‘next question’.To progress click on ‘next question’.

2. BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCAN
MUSCLESMUSCLES
A.A. By relaxing.By relaxing.
1.1. How do muscles work?How do muscles work?
B.B. By shortening orBy shortening or
contracting.contracting.
C.C. By lengthening &By lengthening &
relaxing.relaxing.
D.D. By stretching.By stretching.
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QUESTION

3. BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCAN
MUSCLESMUSCLES
A.A. Smooth, soft & hard.Smooth, soft & hard.
2.2. There are 3 types of muscle what areThere are 3 types of muscle what are
they?they?
B.B. Smooth, cardiac & roughSmooth, cardiac & rough
C.C. Long, short & flat.Long, short & flat.
D.D. Smooth, cardiac & skeletal.Smooth, cardiac & skeletal.
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QUESTION

4. BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCAN
MUSCLESMUSCLES
A.A. It’s the biggest muscle inIt’s the biggest muscle in
the body.the body.
3.3. What is special about cardiac muscle?What is special about cardiac muscle?
B.B. It’s very strong.It’s very strong.
C.C. It never gets tired.It never gets tired.
D.D. It has no fat on it.It has no fat on it.
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QUESTION

5. BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCAN
MUSCLESMUSCLES
A.A. 10%10%
4.4. How much of our body weight is muscle?How much of our body weight is muscle?
B.B. 30%.30%.
C.C. 20%20%
D.D. 40%.40%.
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QUESTION

6. BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCAN
MUSCLESMUSCLES
A.A. Bends the arm at theBends the arm at the
elbow.elbow.
5.5. What does the triceps do?What does the triceps do?
B.B. Straightens the leg at theStraightens the leg at the
knee.knee.
C.C. Straightens the arm at theStraightens the arm at the
elbow.elbow.
D.D. Allows us to move ourAllows us to move our
head.head.
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QUESTION

7. BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCAN
MUSCLESMUSCLES
A.A. Front of the thigh.Front of the thigh.
6.6. Where would you find the quadriceps?Where would you find the quadriceps?
B.B. Back of the thigh.Back of the thigh.
C.C. Lower leg.Lower leg.
D.D. The upper arm.The upper arm.
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QUESTION

8. BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCAN
MUSCLESMUSCLES
A.A. By ligaments.By ligaments.
7.7. How are muscles attached to bone?How are muscles attached to bone?
B.B. By bone.By bone.
C.C. By tendons.By tendons.
D.D. By a synovial membrane.By a synovial membrane.
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QUESTION

9. BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCAN
MUSCLESMUSCLES
A.A. Cooperative muscleCooperative muscle
action.action.
8.8. Muscles work against each other to createMuscles work against each other to create
movement. What is it called when musclesmovement. What is it called when muscles
work this way?work this way?
B.B. Antagonistic muscleAntagonistic muscle
action.action.
C.C. Aggressive muscleAggressive muscle
action.action.
D.D. Muscle flexion action.Muscle flexion action.
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QUESTION

10. BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCAN
MUSCLESMUSCLES
A.A. The static mover.The static mover.
9.9. What is the moving muscle called duringWhat is the moving muscle called during
muscle contraction?muscle contraction?
B.B. The antagonist.The antagonist.
C.C. The synergist.The synergist.
D.D. The prime mover.The prime mover.
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QUESTION

11. BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCAN
MUSCLESMUSCLES
A.A. Isostatic, isometric &Isostatic, isometric &
isokinetic.isokinetic.
10.10. There are 3 types of muscle contraction.There are 3 types of muscle contraction.
What are they?What are they?
B.B. Isotonic, isometric &Isotonic, isometric &
isokinetic.isokinetic.
C.C. Isometric, isolated &Isometric, isolated &
isotonic.isotonic.
D.D. Isotonic, isostar &Isotonic, isostar &
isokinetic.isokinetic.
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QUESTION

12. BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCAN
MUSCLESMUSCLES
A.A. Fast & slow twitch.Fast & slow twitch.
11.11. There are 2 types of muscle fibre. What areThere are 2 types of muscle fibre. What are
they?they?
B.B. Quick & slow twitch.Quick & slow twitch.
C.C. Fast & slow contraction.Fast & slow contraction.
D.D. Fast & slow flex.Fast & slow flex.
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QUESTION

13. BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCAN
MUSCLESMUSCLES
A.A. Contract slow with a lot ofContract slow with a lot of
force, white in colour, tireforce, white in colour, tire
easily, suited to enduranceeasily, suited to endurance
activities.activities.
12.12. What are the characteristics of fast twitchWhat are the characteristics of fast twitch
fibres?fibres?
B.B. Contract fast with a lot of force,Contract fast with a lot of force,
white in colour, don’t tire easily,white in colour, don’t tire easily,
suited to endurance activitiessuited to endurance activities..
C.C. Contract slow with a lot of force,Contract slow with a lot of force,
red in colour, tire easily, suitedred in colour, tire easily, suited
to strength & power activitiesto strength & power activities
D.D. Contract fast with a lot of force,Contract fast with a lot of force,
white in colour, tire easily, suited towhite in colour, tire easily, suited to
strength & power activities.strength & power activities.
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QUESTION

14. BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCAN
MUSCLESMUSCLES
A.A. Stomach muscles.Stomach muscles.
13.13. The gastrocnemius is another name for whichThe gastrocnemius is another name for which
muscle?muscle?
B.B. Calf muscle.Calf muscle.
C.C. Thigh muscles.Thigh muscles.
D.D. Chest muscles.Chest muscles.
NEXT
QUESTION

15. BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCAN
MUSCLESMUSCLES
A.A. Contract slowly,without much force,Contract slowly,without much force,
red in colour, don’t tire easily, suitedred in colour, don’t tire easily, suited
to endurance activityto endurance activity..
14.14. What are the characteristics of slow twitchWhat are the characteristics of slow twitch
muscle fibres?muscle fibres?
B.B. Contract slowly,without much force,Contract slowly,without much force,
blue in colour, don’t tire easily,blue in colour, don’t tire easily,
suited to sprint activitysuited to sprint activity..
C.C. Contract quickly,without muchContract quickly,without much
force, red in colour, don’t tireforce, red in colour, don’t tire
easily, suited to endurance activityeasily, suited to endurance activity
D.D. Contract slowly, with force, red inContract slowly, with force, red in
colour, tire easily, suited tocolour, tire easily, suited to
endurance activityendurance activity
NEXT
QUESTION

16. BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCAN
MUSCLESMUSCLES
A.A. The point where a muscleThe point where a muscle
is attached across ais attached across a
bone.bone.
15.15. What is the origin?What is the origin?
B.B. The point where a muscleThe point where a muscle
is attached to a movingis attached to a moving
bone.bone.
C.C. The point where a muscleThe point where a muscle
is attached to bone.is attached to bone.
D.D. The point where a muscleThe point where a muscle
is attached to a stationaryis attached to a stationary
bone.bone.
END QUIZ
EXAM
QUESTIONS
EXTENSION
QUESTIONS

17. CORRECT!!CORRECT!!
!!

18. INCORRECINCORREC
T!T!

19. EXTENSION QUESTIONSEXTENSION QUESTIONS
 How does your nervous system help your muscles to work?How does your nervous system help your muscles to work?
 What does involuntary mean & which muscles are involuntary?What does involuntary mean & which muscles are involuntary?
 How are tendons attached to a bone?How are tendons attached to a bone?
 Muscles are attached at both ends to different bones. What is theMuscles are attached at both ends to different bones. What is the
point called where the muscle is attached to the stationary bone?point called where the muscle is attached to the stationary bone?
 When muscles are relaxed they still have some tension but notWhen muscles are relaxed they still have some tension but not
enough to cause movement. When a muscle is held in this stateenough to cause movement. When a muscle is held in this state
what is this state known as?what is this state known as?
 What kind of sport are more suited to if you have lots of fast twitchWhat kind of sport are more suited to if you have lots of fast twitch
fibres?fibres?
 Muscles are made up of cells. What are these cells called?Muscles are made up of cells. What are these cells called?
 What happens to a muscle’s shape when it contracts?What happens to a muscle’s shape when it contracts?
ANSWERS

20. EXAM QUESTIONSEXAM QUESTIONS
1.1. What attaches muscle to bone?What attaches muscle to bone? (1 mark)(1 mark)
2.2. IN which part of the body would you find the following muscles; Quadriceps, gluteusIN which part of the body would you find the following muscles; Quadriceps, gluteus
maximus, pectorals, gastrocnemius & hamstrings.maximus, pectorals, gastrocnemius & hamstrings. (5 marks)(5 marks)
3.3. Name 3 different types of muscle in the body.Name 3 different types of muscle in the body. (3 marks)(3 marks)
4.4. Explain how muscles work together to produce & control movement. Give an example toExplain how muscles work together to produce & control movement. Give an example to
illustrate your answer.illustrate your answer. (5 marks)(5 marks)
5.5. What is muscle tone?What is muscle tone? (2 marks)(2 marks)
6.6. Explain what happens to a muscle in a state of either hypertrophy or atrophy & give anExplain what happens to a muscle in a state of either hypertrophy or atrophy & give an
example of when this occurs.example of when this occurs. (3 marks)(3 marks)
7.7. Where in the body are the hamstring muscles? What movement takes place when theseWhere in the body are the hamstring muscles? What movement takes place when these
muscles contract?muscles contract? (2 marks)(2 marks)
8.8. Give 1 type of muscle fibre. Outline the benefits of this type of muscle fibre in sport &Give 1 type of muscle fibre. Outline the benefits of this type of muscle fibre in sport &
physical activity.physical activity. (4 marks)(4 marks)
9.9. In which part of the body are the pectoral muscles?In which part of the body are the pectoral muscles? (1 mark)(1 mark)
10.10. Name 2 muscles that work together at the elbow to bend & straighten the arm.Name 2 muscles that work together at the elbow to bend & straighten the arm.
(2 marks)(2 marks)
11.11. What is the heart made of?What is the heart made of? (1 mark)(1 mark)
12.12. How do muscles respond to exercise & how do they respond to under exercise?How do muscles respond to exercise & how do they respond to under exercise?
(4 marks)(4 marks)
ANSWERS

21. EXTENSION ANSWERSEXTENSION ANSWERS
 Signals from your brain travel through the nervous system & tellSignals from your brain travel through the nervous system & tell
the muscle to move.the muscle to move.
 Involuntary means that you have no control over it & they work byInvoluntary means that you have no control over it & they work by
themselves such as in the stomach, gut, bladder & blood vessels.themselves such as in the stomach, gut, bladder & blood vessels.
 Tendons are attached to bone by being embedded in theTendons are attached to bone by being embedded in the
periosteum.periosteum.
 The origin.The origin.
 This state is known as muscle tone.This state is known as muscle tone.
 Sports that require bursts of strength & power.Sports that require bursts of strength & power.
 Muscle fibres.Muscle fibres.
 It shortens.It shortens.

22. EXAM ANSWERSEXAM ANSWERS
1.1. Tendons.Tendons.
2.2. Thigh, buttocks, chest, calf/back of lower leg, upper leg at the back of the thigh.Thigh, buttocks, chest, calf/back of lower leg, upper leg at the back of the thigh.
3.3. Smooth, skeletal, cardiac.Smooth, skeletal, cardiac.
4.4. Muscles pull on bones so must work in pairs. One will contract while the other relaxes e.gMuscles pull on bones so must work in pairs. One will contract while the other relaxes e.g
biceps & triceps in the upper arm. The bicep contracts & the elbow bends & vice versa. Pairedbiceps & triceps in the upper arm. The bicep contracts & the elbow bends & vice versa. Paired
contraction is necessary to control movement.contraction is necessary to control movement.
5.5. A state of partial contraction when a muscle is not being used.A state of partial contraction when a muscle is not being used.
6.6. Hypertrophy - growth, enlargement weight training. Atrophy - wastage, get smaller duringHypertrophy - growth, enlargement weight training. Atrophy - wastage, get smaller during
injury.injury.
7.7. Back of thigh - flexion.Back of thigh - flexion.
8.8. Fast / slow twitch fibres (see power point slides for properties)Fast / slow twitch fibres (see power point slides for properties)
9.9. The chest.The chest.
10.10. Bicep & triceps.Bicep & triceps.
11.11. Cardiac muscle.Cardiac muscle.
12.12. Hypertrophy - get bigger, store more energy & produce more force. Atrophy - get smaller,Hypertrophy - get bigger, store more energy & produce more force. Atrophy - get smaller,
produce less force & prone to injury.produce less force & prone to injury.