Ancient Greece and Rome had profound influences on modern-day Europe and the world. [1] Greece is considered the birthplace of democracy, developing the first democratic government in Athens in the 5th century BC. [2] The Roman Republic and Empire expanded to control most of Europe and parts of North Africa and the Middle East by the 2nd century AD. [3] The split of the Roman Empire into Western and Eastern halves in 395 AD led to divergent developments in religion, art, and culture between Western Europe and the Byzantine Empire that still impact the world today.

1. ANCIENT INFLUENCE ON EUROPE AND THE WORLD How have ancient civilizations affected present day Europe?

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