The Ring programming language version 1.10 book - Part 212 of 212

1. Ring Documentation, Release 1.10
User Types
The Type Hints Library, 838
Users registration and Login
Web Development (CGI Library), 495
Using ’<’ and ’:’ operators as ’from’ keyword
What is new in Ring 1.3?, 165
Using ’case’ as ’on’ in switch statements
Syntax Flexibility, 835
Using ’def’ as ’func’ in functions/methods definition
Syntax Flexibility, 835
Using ’end’ keyword after Packages/Classes/Functions
Syntax Flexibility, 836
Using ’endpackage’/’endclass’/’endfunc’ keywords after
Packages/Classes/Functions
Syntax Flexibility, 836
Using ’put’ and ’get’ as ’see’ and ’give’
Syntax Flexibility, 835
Using () around the function parameters
Syntax Flexibility, 829
Using ? to print expression then new line
Getting Started - First Style, 198
What is new in Ring 1.6?, 98
in the start of the variable name
Syntax Flexibility, 832
Using && and || operators
What is new in Ring 1.6?, 97
Using _ in numbers
Mathematical Functions, 294
Using Atom
Using Other Code Editors, 220
Using Bootstrap Library using Functions
Web Development (CGI Library), 489
Using Bootstrap Library using Objects
Web Development (CGI Library), 490
Using braces { } in Packages/Classes/Functions
Syntax Flexibility, 836
Using Braces to access objects inside Class Methods
Scope Rules, 812
Using braces to escape from the current object scope
Scope Rules, 820
Using braces to start and end different control structures
Syntax Flexibility, 834
Using C/C++ Compiler and Linker
Distributing Ring Application, 863
Using configuration file that wrap C++ library
Code Generator, 937
Using CR as Carriage return
What is new in Ring 1.6?, 97
Using Emacs Editor
Using Other Code Editors, 222
Using Eval() with our Natural Code
Natural Language Programming, 446
Using f after numbers
Mathematical Functions, 294
Using Fonts
Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D
Graphics, 633
Using Geany
Using Other Code Editors, 219
Using Layout
Desktop and Mobile Development, 682
Using Layouts
Form Designer, 803
Using len() and For Loops
Performance Tips, 859
Using Lists during definition
Lists, 266
Using Many Source Code Files
Program Structure, 259
Using Notepad++
Using Other Code Editors, 218
Using NULL instead of NULLPointer()
What is new in Ring 1.2?, 173
Using Object.Attribute
Scope Rules, 809
Using Other Code Editors
Introduction, 217
Using Atom, 220
Using Emacs Editor, 222
Using Geany, 219
Using Notepad++, 218
Using Sublime Text 2, 221
Using Visual Studio IDE, 222
Visual Studio Code, 223
Using QCheckBox
Desktop and Mobile Development, 708
Using QComboBox Class
Desktop and Mobile Development, 689
Using QDateEdit
Desktop and Mobile Development, 703
Using QDesktopWidget Class
Desktop and Mobile Development, 745
Using QDial
Desktop and Mobile Development, 704
Using QDockWidget
Desktop and Mobile Development, 696
Using QFrame
Desktop and Mobile Development, 713
Using QInputDialog Class
Desktop and Mobile Development, 737
Using qLCDNumber
Desktop and Mobile Development, 734
Using QPrintPreviewDialog
Desktop and Mobile Development, 729
Using QProgressBar
Desktop and Mobile Development, 700
Using QProgressBar and Timer
Desktop and Mobile Development, 723
Index 2078

2. Ring Documentation, Release 1.10
Using QRadioButton and QButtonGroup
Desktop and Mobile Development, 709
Using QSlider
Desktop and Mobile Development, 701
Using QSpinBox
Desktop and Mobile Development, 701
Using QTableWidget
Desktop and Mobile Development, 699
Using QTabWidget
Desktop and Mobile Development, 697
Using QTreeView and QFileSystemModel
Desktop and Mobile Development, 687
Using QTreeWidget and QTreeWidgetItem
Desktop and Mobile Development, 688
Using QWebView
Desktop and Mobile Development, 707
Using Ring2EXE
Building RingQt Applications for Mobile, 788
Distributing Ring Application using Ring2EXE, 864
Using RING_API_RETMANAGEDCPOINTER()
Extension, 923
Using RingOpenGL and RingAllegro for 3D Graphics
3D Cube and Texture, 654
Introduction, 653
Many Cubes, 658
More 3D Samples, 673
TicTacToe 3D Game, 663
Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D Graphics
Drawing using RingOpenGL, 608
Frames Per Second, 641
Introduction, 605
Keyboard Events and Colors, 613
Make a Cube using RingOpenGL and RingFreeG-
LUT, 650
Menu Events, 626
Mouse Events, 622
Samples Source (Authors), 606
The Camera, 616
The First Triangle, 609
The First Window using RingFreeGLUT, 607
Triangle Rotation, 612
Using Fonts, 633
What is RingFreeGLUT?, 607
What is RingOpenGL?, 606
Window Resize Event, 610
Using RingZip Classes
RingZip, 521
Using Self.Attribute
Object Oriented Programming, 367
Using Self.Attribute in the Class Region to define new at-
tributes
What is new in Ring 1.1?, 183
Using Semi-colon after and between statements
Syntax Flexibility, 831
Using String2Constant
Multi-language applications, 804
Using Sublime Text 2
Using Other Code Editors, 221
Using Tab instead of char(9)
What is new in Ring 1.6?, 96
Using the
operator as not
What is new in Ring 1.6?, 97
Using the ’else’ keyword as ’other’ in switch statement
Syntax Flexibility, 832
Using the ’elseif’ keyword as ’but’ in if statement
Syntax Flexibility, 832
Using the ’end’ keyword in different control structures
Syntax Flexibility, 833
Using the Interactive Debugger
The Trace Library and the Interactive Debugger, 907
Using the Natural Library
Defining Commands, 454
Defining commands using classes, 457
Introduction, 451
Natural Library - Demo Program, 452
Operators, 456
Using the QColorDialog Class
Desktop and Mobile Development, 733
Using the QFileDialog Class
Desktop and Mobile Development, 725
Using the QListWidget Class
Desktop and Mobile Development, 684
Using the QTextEdit Class
Desktop and Mobile Development, 683
Using the QTimer Class
Desktop and Mobile Development, 722
Using the tool
Code Generator, 928
Using This in the class region as Self
Object Oriented Programming, 368
What is new in Ring 1.8?, 73
Using This.Attribute and This.Method()
Object Oriented Programming, 367
Using This.Attribute in nested Braces inside the Class
Methods
What is new in Ring 1.1?, 183
Using Types inside Code
The Type Hints Library, 839
Using Visual Studio IDE
Using Other Code Editors, 222
value()
Stdlib Functions, 395
Variables
Deep Copy, 225
Dynamic Typing, 225
Introduction, 224
Index 2079

3. Ring Documentation, Release 1.10
Weakly Typed, 226
Variables Scope
Functions - First Style, 249
Functions - Second Style, 253
Functions - Third Style, 257
varptr()
Low Level Functions, 884
Version() Function
System Functions, 311
Video-Music-Player Application
Applications developed in little hours, 11
What is new in Ring 1.5?, 100
Virtual Machine Instructions
Reference, 993
Visual Implementation
Language Design, 38
Visual Studio Code
Using Other Code Editors, 223
Weakly Typed
Variables, 226
Web Development (CGI Library)
Application Class, 507
Configure the Apache web server, 459
Cookies, 471
CRUD Example using MVC, 493
Database, ModelBase & ControllerBase classes, 501
Generating Pages using Objects, 483
Gradient, 482
Hash Functions, 477
Hello World Program using the Web Library, 460
HTML Lists, 480
HTML Special Characters, 476
HTML Tables, 481
HtmlPage Class, 488, 512
HTTP Get Example, 461
HTTP POST Example, 466
Introduction, 458
Page Class, 508
Random Image, 479
Ring CGI Hello World Program, 460
ScriptFunctions Class, 510
StyleFunctions Class, 510
Templates, 474
Upload Files, 468
URL Encode, 473
Users registration and Login, 495
Using Bootstrap Library using Functions, 489
Using Bootstrap Library using Objects, 490
Web Library Features, 461
WebLib API, 506
WebPage Class, 511
Web Library Features
Web Development (CGI Library), 461
WebLib API
Web Development (CGI Library), 506
WebPage Class
Web Development (CGI Library), 511
Weight History Application
Desktop and Mobile Development, 753
Werdy Application
Applications developed in little hours, 14
What about predefined parameters or optional parameters
in functions?
Frequently Asked Questions, 965
What about the Boolean values in Ring?
Frequently Asked Questions, 957
What are the advantages of using Ring over native C or
C++?
Frequently Asked Questions, 953
What are the advantages to using Ring over C# or Java?
Frequently Asked Questions, 955
What are the advantages to using Ring over Lisp or
Smalltalk?
Frequently Asked Questions, 952
What are the advantages to using Ring over Python and
Ruby?
Frequently Asked Questions, 954
What are the advantages to using Ring over Tcl and Lua?
Frequently Asked Questions, 955
What happens when we create a new object?
Frequently Asked Questions, 961
What is new in Ring 1.10?
Better Tests, 49
Chess Game, 41
Game of Life Game, 44
Introduction, 40
Knight Tour Game, 43
List of changes and new features, 41
Minesweeper Game, 42
More Games, 47
More Improvements, 50
Pong Game, 45
Ring Extension for Visual Studio Code, 48
Snakes And Ladder Game, 46
The Ring Package Manager (RingPM), 49
What is new in Ring 1.1?
Better Code Generator for Extensions, 183
Better Documentation, 183
Better Natural Language Programming Support, 175
Game Engine for 2D Games, 181
Generate/Execute Ring Object Files (*.ringo), 176
Introduction, 174
List of changes and new features, 175
New Functions and Changes, 178
RingLibSDL, 181
RingSQLite, 182
StdLib functions and classes written in Ring, 179
Index 2080

4. Ring Documentation, Release 1.10
Syntax Flexibility, 176
Using Self.Attribute in the Class Region to define
new attributes, 183
Using This.Attribute in nested Braces inside the
Class Methods, 183
What is new in Ring 1.2?
Better Call Command, 173
Better Functions, 170
Better Quality, 173
Better Ring Notepad, 170
Better RingQt, 170
Display Warnings Option, 173
Introduction, 168
List of changes and new features, 169
New Functions, 169
Objects Library for RingQt, 171
RingLibCurl, 172
Using NULL instead of NULLPointer(), 173
What is new in Ring 1.3?
Better Loop|Exit Command, 164
Better Ring Notepad, 160
Better RingQt, 156
Better StdLib, 164
Embedding Ring in Ring without sharing the State,
166
Form Designer, 167
Introduction, 155
List of changes and new features, 156
New Functions, 165
Return Self by Reference, 165
Ring mode for Emacs Editor, 163
RingZip Library, 166
Using ’<’ and ’:’ operators as ’from’ keyword, 165
What is new in Ring 1.4.1?
What is new in Ring 1.4?, 152
What is new in Ring 1.4?
Better RingQt, 151
Better StdLib, 149
Better WebLib, 149
Change: Basic Extensions are separated from
RingVM, 144
Convert between Numbers and Bytes, 148
Introduction, 143
List of changes and new features, 144
New Style to Ring Notepad, 147
Qt Class Convertor, 151
RingREPL, 147
The Natural Library, 145
What is new in Ring 1.4.1?, 152
What is new in Ring 1.5.1?
What is new in Ring 1.5?, 133
What is new in Ring 1.5.2?
What is new in Ring 1.5?, 138
What is new in Ring 1.5.3?
What is new in Ring 1.5?, 139
What is new in Ring 1.5.4?
What is new in Ring 1.5?, 142
What is new in Ring 1.5?
Better Code Generator for Extensions, 124
Better Documentation Generator for Extensions, 125
Better Objects Library, 111
Better Quality, 133
Better Ring Notepad, 102
Better RingQt, 109
Better StdLib, 105
Better WebLib, 106
Calculator Application, 101
Introduction, 99
List of changes and new features, 100
More Syntax Flexibility, 131
Ring VM - Tracing Functions, 125
RingFreeGLUT Extension, 111
RingOpenGL Extension, 120
Trace Library and Interactive Debugger, 129
Type Hints Library, 132
Video-Music-Player Application, 100
What is new in Ring 1.5.1?, 133
What is new in Ring 1.5.2?, 138
What is new in Ring 1.5.3?, 139
What is new in Ring 1.5.4?, 142
Windows StartUp Manager Application, 101
What is new in Ring 1.6?
Better Ring For Android, 90
Better Ring Notepad, 93
Better RingQt, 95
Better RingREPL, 96
Better RingVM, 96
Better Scripts for building Ring, 92
Better StdLib, 96
Employee Application, 89
Introduction, 88
List of changes and new features, 89
New Tool: Folder2qrc, 91
New Tool: Ring2EXE, 90
RingConsoleColors Extension, 92
RingMurmurHash Extension, 92
Using ? to print expression then new line, 98
Using && and || operators, 97
Using CR as Carriage return, 97
Using Tab instead of char(9), 96
Using the
operator as not, 97
What is new in Ring 1.7?
Better Documentation, 85
Better Ring Notepad, 84
Better Ring VM, 85
Better Ring2EXE, 85
Better RingQt, 84
Index 2081

5. Ring Documentation, Release 1.10
Better RingZip, 85
Better Trace Library, 83
Introduction, 80
List of changes and new features, 81
New Command: Load Package, 81
ring_state_new() and ring_state_mainfile() func-
tions, 83
RingLibuv Extension, 86
ringvm_see() and ringvm_give() functions, 82
What is new in Ring 1.8?
Better Cards Game, 78
Better Code Generator For Extensions, 79
Better Form Designer, 77
Better Performance, 68
Better Ring Compiler and VM, 79
Better RingQt, 78
Compiling on Manjaro Linux, 73
Default value for object attributes is NULL, 75
Find in files Application, 69
FoxRing Library, 77
Introduction, 67
List of changes and new features, 68
Merge binary characters, 76
More 3D Samples, 71
Notes to extensions creators, 80
StopWatch Application, 70
String2Constant Application, 69
The For Loops uses the local scope, 75
Using This in the class region as Self, 73
What is new in Ring 1.9?
Better Code Generator for Extensions, 66
Better Memory Management, 65
Better Ring Notepad, 56
Better RingQt, 62
Better StdLib, 57
BigNumber Library, 58
Deploying Web applications in the Cloud, 61
Introduction, 50
List of changes and new features, 51
More Games, 53
More Improvements, 66
New Game : Gold Magic 800, 51
RingPostgreSQL Extension, 59
What is RingFreeGLUT?
Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D
Graphics, 607
What is RingOpenGL?
Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D
Graphics, 606
What is the difference between Ring and Python? And is
Ring Open Source?
Frequently Asked Questions, 953
What will you learn?
The Gold Magic 800 Game, 676
Where can I write a program and execute it?
Frequently Asked Questions, 964
Which of 3 coding styles are commonly used or recom-
mended by the community?
Frequently Asked Questions, 982
While Loop
Control Structures - First Style, 231
Control Structures - Third Style, 241
Why do we need Yet Another Programming Language
(YAPL)?
Frequently Asked Questions, 951
Why I get a strange result when printing nl with lists?
Frequently Asked Questions, 966
Why I get Calling Function without definition Error?
Frequently Asked Questions, 977
Why is Ring largely focussed on UI creation?
Frequently Asked Questions, 953
Why is Ring weakly typed?
Frequently Asked Questions, 952
Why Ring is not case-sensitive
Frequently Asked Questions, 959
Why Ring uses ’See’, ’Give’, ’But’ and ’Ok’ Keywords?
Frequently Asked Questions, 956
Why Ring?
Language Design, 31
Why setClickEvent() doesn’t see the object methods di-
rectly?
Frequently Asked Questions, 977
Why the ability to define your own languages Instead of
just handing over the syntax so you can parse it
using whatever code you like?
Frequently Asked Questions, 956
Why the Assignment operator uses Deep copy?
Frequently Asked Questions, 960
Why the window title bar is going outside the screen?
Frequently Asked Questions, 971
Why this example use the GetChar() twice?
Frequently Asked Questions, 968
Why Type Hints?
The Type Hints Library, 838
Why we don’t use () after the qApp class name?
Frequently Asked Questions, 971
Why you can specify the number of loops you want to
break out of?
Frequently Asked Questions, 956
Window Flags
Form Designer, 802
Window Resize Event
Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D
Graphics, 610
Windows StartUp Manager Application
Applications developed in little hours, 13
What is new in Ring 1.5?, 101
Windowsnl() Function
Index 2082

6. Ring Documentation, Release 1.10
System Functions, 309
Wrap structures
Code Generator, 930
Wrapping C++ Classes
Code Generator, 936
Write file using Write()
Files, 297
Writing Comments
Getting Started - First Style, 199
Getting Started - Second Style, 201
Getting Started - Third Style, 203
Zip Class Reference
RingZip, 523
ZipEntry Class Reference
RingZip, 523
Index 2083