This document discusses various UML notations including association, navigation, dependency, generalization, aggregation, and realization. Association specifies a structural relationship between connected objects. Navigation indicates possible uni-directional access between associated classes. Dependency specifies that a change to one element may affect another. Generalization represents a "is-a" relationship between a general superclass and specific subclass. Aggregation defines a "has-a" or whole/part relationship. Realization specifies a contract between classifiers where one guarantees to perform the other's contract.

1. UML Notation
Chapter 16
Applying UML and Patterns
Thanks Craig Larman
Subject: OOA/D, BSIT-5th
University of Education Okara Campus
Inam Ul Haq
Inam.bth@gmail.com

2. Association
• An association is a structural relationship that specifies that objects of one thing are connected to
objects of another.
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Navigation
• Navigability is a property of the role which indicates that it is possible to navigate uni-directionally across the association from objects
of the source to target class.
• Navigability implies visibility.
Dependency
• A dependency is a using relationship, specifying that a change in the specification of one thing may affect another thing that
uses it.
Generalization
• A generalization is a relationship between a general thing (called the super class or parent) and a more
specific kind of that thing (called the subclass or child).
• is-a-kind-of relationship.
Use Case Notations

3. Aggregation
• Whole/part relationship
• Has-a relationship
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Realizatio
n• A realization is a semantic relationship between classifiers in which one
classifier specifies a contract that another classifier guarantees to carry out.
• We use realization in two circumstances:
• In the context of interfaces.
• In the context of collaborations.
Use Case Notations

4. Other UML Notations
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UML Notations