Action research:
The merits and demerits of an iPad in WELL (Web Enhanced Language Learning) in teaching writing for large Univ. EFL classes in Japan
A paper to read at Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics, Kwansei Gakuin Univ., January 16, 2013.
Envelope of Discrepancy in Orthodontics: Enhancing Precision in Treatment
KG20130116
1. Action research:
The merits and demerits of an iPad
in WELL (Web Enhanced Language Learning) in teaching
writing for large Univ. EFL classes in Japan
Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics,
Kwansei Gakuin Univ., Jan. 16, 2013.
関西学院大学 法学部 外国語研究室 研究会 「 CALL 実践報告 -
2012 」
02 f. s kr a m oo B
YASUDA, Masami,
k
Kwansei Gakuin Univ.,
myasuda@kwansei.ac.jp
Foreign Language Section Study
E-Learning at KG Univ. Kwansei Gakuin Univ., Nishinomiya, JAPAN
/
2. Action research on CALL and
Web 2.0 technologies:
A field study of 'BlogCasting' in WELL (Web Enhanced Language Learning),
and CMT (Computer Managed Testing) in university EFL classes
Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics,
Kwansei Gakuin Univ., May 12, 2010.
関西学院大学 法学部 外国語研究室 研究会 「 CALL 実
践報告」
02 f. s kr a m oo B
YASUDA, Masami,
k
Kwansei Gakuin Univ.,
myasuda@kwansei.ac.jp
Foreign Language Section Study
E-Learning at KG Univ. Kwansei Gakuin Univ., Nishinomiya, JAPAN
/
3. 3. Introduction:
CAI, CALL, e-Learning, WELL
e-Learning:
Network Web based Learning
CAI: CALL:
Computer Assisted
Computer Assisted Instruction
Language Learning
02 f. s kr a m oo B
k
http://myasuda2.hp.infoseek.co.jp/public_html/102206.f/
3
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4. 4. Overview of CALL History*
A: 1960 - 80 B: 1980 - 90 C: 1990 -
1. 行動主義的 1. 認知 1. 知識構成主義 / Knowledge
Behavioristic 的 /Cognitive building
2. チューターとしての 2. 道具としてのコン 2. コミュニケーション環境として
コンピューター / ピューター のコンピューター / E-mail,
Tutorial Computer as chats, Synchronic &
3. コンピューター上 tools asynchronic
の学習教材 / communication
3. CD-ROM 上の学
Study ware
習教材 / CD- 3. 試行錯誤する場 / trials and
(FD’s) errors, sandbox, playroom
ROMs, Mac’s
(Computers)
1. 閉じた課題 1. 半分開いた教材 / 1. 開いた課題 / Open ended
/ Stand-alone half- task
isolated tasks
Standalone 2. リサーチ型学習 / Research
2. 穴埋め, Cloze, 並 based
isolated び替え,テキスト再 3. 課題解決型学習 / Task based
tasks 構成など /Gap-fill,
02 f. s kr a m oo B
Learning
2. Drill, Cloze, Unscramble
4. データ駆動学習 / Data driven
k
texts
pattern- learning ‘ 発見学習?“
* 境 一三 Sakai ( 2004) CALLの歴史とその今日的意義について, 「e-learning 公開講座」 , 2004年5月13
practice
日 慶應義塾大学日吉ITC. Available on the web Translation mine 4
/
5. + 5. Classroom Research:
Treatment Treatment & Control
Action Experimental
Research Research
- +
Control Control
Observation
Interaction
Method
(KJ Method, Analysis
Mindmap)
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k
- Adapted from the table in Sano(2000)
『アクション・リサーチのすすめ』 p.
Treatment 204
Jump to Questionnaire analysis 5
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6. 6. Professional Development
Plan: Problems
to identify,
Hypotheses,
Observation Explanatory
(Teacher's, Researcher's) Questions
Action Research
Questions,
Inquiries,
Demands for
changes, Belief
Analysis, systems, etc.
Reflection, Data & Note
Action collection,
Changes,
Protocols,
Public
02 f. s kr a m oo B
Journals:
k
Reporting,
(Teachers, students)
Publishing
Return to Teaching Narrative Writing slide Jump to Questionnaire analysis 6
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7. 7. Kinds of questions to
pose
How can we focus on
meaning
rather than
forms?
Learning English
vs.
Learning about English
The place of
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grammar learning and
k
correction. 7
/
8. 8. Kinds of further questions
to pose (2) Individual and autonomy
Individual
How can we create
“autonomous learning” environment
with group work?
02 f. s kr a m oo B
k
8
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9. 9. Kinds of questions to pose (3)
How can we put
communicative aspects
in classroom -
with or without
the use of E-mails?
02 f. s kr a m oo B
k
Group Dynamics to expect!?
Return to KG20100512
9
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10. 10. Introduction - L2 writing
Dichotomies/Dilemmas
Fluency and accuracy
Contrastive rhetoric debate
Process vs. Product debate
Assessment
Feedback and error correction
Casanave, Christine Pearson. (2004). Controversies in second language writing.
Ann Arbor, Michigan: Univ. of Michigan.
Cornor, Ulla (2002). New directions in contrastive rhetoric, TESOL Quarterly,
36(4), pp. 494-510.
Hyland, Ken, & Hyland, Fiona. (Eds., 2006). Feedback in second language writing:
Contexts and issues. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Sachs, Rebecca, & Polio, Charlene. (2007). Learners' uses of two types of written
02 f. s kr a m oo B
feedback on a L2 writing revision task, Studies in Second Language
k
Acquisition, 29(1), pp 67-100.
Zamel, V. (1985). Responding to student writing. TESOL Quarterly, 19, 79-101.
10
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11. 11. BlogCasting**:
Weblog☆ Projects – 2006 ~ 2008
Paper Word- Email Blog Text to
Pencil Processor /ML /RSS Speech*
- 2005 ○ △ ◎ × ×
2006 - ▼ ◎ ○ ◎ ×
2007 - ▼ ○ ○ ○ △
2008 - ▼ △★ ○ ○ ◎
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**BlogCasting = *Text to Speech (Assistive Technology) + ☆ Weblog
k
★ Word Processing ★ Local Thin Client Web editor Cloud Computing
11
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12. 12. Past and Current Project: E-mail work
Video - Separate
Email Grading video output (OHC)
1) Yahoo site 認証必要
Audio Recording
2) Mirror site (infoseek
): some years with index only
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k
12
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13. 13. Past Projects:
Video Narrative Project
Video Narration –
Student’s audio in Final Project
Student audio in MP3-shrt
Local: audio file
Web site: VoiceBlog site
Past Presentations:
PPT in SWF
3/5/2007: Local file: KG030507-3.swf
(3/5/2007): Drive HQ published folder
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k
http://myasuda-foseek- bbs100106-s.html 13
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14. 14. Weblog Projects:
since 2006 BlogCasting
Weblog Projects:
http://advcomp.wordpress.com/
Advcomp.wordpress.com/ RSS FEED mixer-project-2007/
Students Weblogs and comments
Privacy protection with PINs
Advcomp.wordpress.com tag=classblog
myasuda - my.land.to /treebbs/tree.php?n=470
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k
Skip to 2007 Skip to
2008
14
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15. 15. Text to Speech
Text to Speech
One of Assistive Technologies
Stephen Hawking asks big questions
about the universe, at TED Conference
TedConference site
YouTube
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k
Filmed Feb., 2008.
15
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16. 16. Text to Speech Online
Tools
Six Online Tools - Text to Speech tools
you would not want to miss
TechDune - Tech News, Software &
Hardware Reviews, Internet, Humor
1. vozMe: vozMe
Type or copy-paste the texts to convert
to ‘Create MP3’ at a click!
2. Expressivo – You can listen to
books, messages, RSS feeds, articles or even
e-mails. You can easily create audio books on
your mp3 player. Purchase needed
3. Cepstral - The text to speech
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k
conversion to the text into a WAV file.
Purchase needed.
Skip to
RSS Mixing 16
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17. 17. Text to Speech Online Tools (2)
Text to Speech tools you would not want to
miss (2)
TechDune - Tech News, Software & Hardware
Reviews, Internet, Humor
4. Ivona Speech Synthesizer –
Text to speech conversion tool online
5. SpokenText - SpokenText.net
Converts & records to speech automatically:
PDF, Word, plain text, PowerPoint files,
RSS news feeds, emails and web pages.
6. Talkr –
Converts RSS feeds into MP3 files
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Notes: ‘MacinTalk’ on Macintosh – has a longer history
k
Skip to
on Text2Speech! RSS Mixing
17
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18. 18. BlogCasting: (3)
Weblog Projects - 2007
MP3 with Lyrics!!
Jet Audio -
Embedded in ID tags via Jet Audio
Play & view, on Jet Audio,
iTunes, and iPods! – Awesome!!
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k
18
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19. 19. BlogCasting: (1)
Weblog Projects - 2008
RSS mixer with Text2Speech
“Odiogo.com”
The WordPress plug-in
instructions can be found here.
My memos: PHP Forum site
02 f. s kr a m oo B
k
Back Back
to 2006 to 2007
19
Local image file
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20. 20. BlogCasting: Weblog Projects - 2008
Class WeBlogs – Text2Speech
KGLaw BlogCast 2008
Advcomp – Education course
kglaw2011f2 – Freshmen
3rd
kglaw2011s1 – Sophomores
1st
Kglaw2011s2 – Sophomores 2nd
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k
Next slide
AdvComp - Online grading as admin of the server 20
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21. 21. Weblog Projects – 2009 & 2008:
How to read students’ Blog threads:
via WEB Portal Page
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k
21
http://protopage.com/ : SPA (CNET Single Page Aggregators)
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22. 22. Feasibility: tasks & class size:
Reflections from BlogCasting**:
Weblog☆ Projects – 2006 ~ 2008
02 f. s kr a m oo B
k
**BlogCasting = *Text to Speech (Assistive Technology) + ☆Weblog
★ Word Processing ★ Local Thin Client Web editor Cloud Computing22
/
23. 23. Summary: BlogCast
with RSS Mixing and Text2Speech
Next slide?
RSS Mixer
iPods,
with
iTunes,
Text
Presentations,
to
Other
Speech
PodCasting
sites
Playlist,
Feed,
New XML
02 f. s kr a m oo B
D:
Servers.finfoseek.ne.jp.fmyasuda2.f
k
23
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24. 24. Online Quiz – VOA: Assistive Technology
Freshmen and Sophomores, 2010/04/29
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k
http://www.quia.com/pages/masamisanfrancisco.html http://www.quia.com/pages/myasuda.html 24
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25. 25. Curriculum Change Plans:
Attainment Tests to install?
英語の関学 vs. 関学の英語
Attainment Tests in EFL at Law Dept.
:
Competency Tests for graduation PDF 法学部コース
Writing
Listening (Stories, Lectures)
Automatic Essay Scoring
My tentative proposal (jump to Yahoo 認証要 )
02 f. s kr a m oo B
Pilot testing
k
Return to KG20100512
25
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26. 26. Super Eigo TOEFL – Pre Test - – 2012/11/16:
ANOVA by Year Freshmen(1 年 ) vs. Sophomores (2 年 )
Total Scores:
2 > 1; p<0.03*
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k
26
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27. 27. Super Eigo TOEFL – Pre Test - – 2012/11/16:
ANOVA by Year Freshmen(1 年 ) vs. Sophomores (2
年)
Grammar Scores:
2 =>:= 1; p>0.18 (NS)
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f k
27
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28. 28. Super Eigo TOEFL – Pre Test - – 2012/11/16:
ANOVA by Year Freshmen(1 年 ) vs. Sophomores (2
年)
Reading Scores:
2 > 1; p<0.021*
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f k
28
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29. 29. Super Eigo TOEFL – Pre Test - – 2012/11/16:
ANOVA by Year Freshmen(1 年 ) vs. Sophomores (2
年)
Listening Scores:
2 =>:= 1; p>0.05 (NS)
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f k
29
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30. eBooks and Future of Textbooks:
How to author EFL eBooks with Text to
Speech Technology
BEYOND CALL: INTEGRATION,
Theme:
NORMALISATION, OR SEPARATION?
JALTCALL SIG 2012
Konan University,
Nishinomiya, JAPAN.
t h 604001002/ . s kr a m oo B
f k
YASUDA, Masami,
June 2-3, 2012
Kwansei Gakuin Univ.,
E-Learning at KG Univ.
JALTCALL SIG 2012 Myasuda[at]kwansei.ac.jp
Konan University,
Nishinomiya, JAPAN.
.
31. 31. Introduction: Use of iPads
Useof iPads,
Web Browsing, E-mail
Photos, Videos
Music, Games
eBooks, etc.
An iPad as an eBook Reader … .
t h 604001002/ . s kr a m oo B
But, how can we use iPads
k
for language learning, CALL,
f
and as mobile presentation tools?
31
.
32. 32. iPads in WELL
(Web Enhanced Language Learning)
Lots of applications are available.
How to use iPads
for language learning: CALL, WELL
as mobile presentation tools,
and, for autonomous self learning.
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f k
32
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33. 33. iPads in WELL
(Web Enhanced Language Learning)
An iPad in class use
as an instruction mode
to present teaching materials
i.e. a show and tell gadget
Students have No iPads
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k
a CALL lab, with PCs
f
access to the internet
33
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34. 34. iPads – Ideal gadgets?
CostPerformance?
Hardware limitations
VGA Output – Not all applications!
iPad2 & 3 - OK!! BUT iPad1 - partial,
Software:No FLASH vs. HTML5 war
No keyboard short cuts (cut & paste)
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Weight: Heavier than Note PC?
k
No External storage devices
f
But…being available - USB & HD on WiFi
34
.
35. 35. Cloud Computing and Mobiles
No external storage devices:
Cloud Computing?
DropBox,
Evernote,
SugarSynch, etc.
Finally!!
External storage –
HD or USB via WiFi.
t h 604001002/ . s kr a m oo B
HyperDrive HD
f k
35
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36. 36. eBook readers
eBookreaders or dedicated devices
Apple’s iPad
Amazon’s Kindle,
SONY’s Libié, iRex’s Digital Reader
eBooks are
content-rich
t h 604001002/ . s kr a m oo B
of wide general interest.
k
Changes in the literacy world
f
a viable device for EFL ・ ESL readers
36
.
37. t h 604001002/ . s kr a m oo B
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37. iPad eBook Readers
37
39. 39. eBooks for EFL/ESL
Can EFL teachers
author or publish eBooks on the PC’s,
as well as
on an iPad?
Students would benefit from
reading eBooks, vocabulary
listening drills, etc.
Content selection by teachers is the key!!
t h 604001002/ . s kr a m oo B
k
Cost effectiveness – Not yet??
Prices - still too high for students in
f
class.
39
.
40. 40. Microsoft Reader
Microsoft Reader features:
Page by page reading: files (LIT extension)
Highlight word by word
Synchronized audio reading
Dictionary Lookup
Platforms:
Windows Mobile PCs,
Smartphones (Windows CE),
Mobile phones.
t h 604001002/ . s kr a m oo B
f k
40
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41. 41. iPad eBooks:
Formats - ePUB and PDF
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41
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42. 42. Class Group Portfolio Work:
Grading, and PDF Annotations
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43. 43. Process Writing Class:
Marking and Grading Blog Theads
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f k
saekakg2011/2011/02/17/my-father-12/
http://kgblogcast.com/kgblogcast2011/
.
44. 44. Comparison of eBooks:
with other media, and PDFs
Comparison of
eBooks
with
the already developed BlogCast, PDFs
Textto speech applications
Benefits to EFL students.
t h 604001002/ . s kr a m oo B
How eBooks would
k
help improve EFL reading skills
f
YouTube-eBooks– It's A Book - By Lane Smith 44
.
45. 45. Comparison of eBooks: (2)
with other media, and PDFs
Audio Blog or
1 Media Books eBooks
Books Podcast PDF
2 Cost △ ◎ △ ◎ △
Audio/
4
Voice × △ ○ △ △
Text to
5
Speech × ○ × ○ ○
Highlight/
6
Synchro × ○ × △ ×
t h 604001002/ . s kr a m oo B
× △ × ◎ △
k
7 Delivery
Control
× △ △ △ ×
f
8
Speed
45
.
46. 46. A WELL Project:
‘Was the Night Before Christmas
Twas the Night before Christmas
by
Clement C. Moore
WELL:
Web Enhanced Language Learning
http://s.phpspot.org/u/myasuda/
Oral Presentation and Process Writing
t h 604001002/ . s kr a m oo B
k
YASUDA, Masami,
f
Kwansei Gakuin Univ.,
E-Learning at KG Univ.
Myasuda[at]kwansei.ac.jp
46
.
47. 47. Future Textbooks
eBook Textbooks
DedicatedeBook Readers
Smartphones
Merits
Portability
Budget, Interactivity
Virtual Reality
Demerits
Budget, Authoring, Copyright
Authoring Software
t h 604001002/ . s kr a m oo B
k
Publishers
Amazon, Apple, etc.
f
Teachers
Programmers
47
.
48. 48. eBooks Applications on iPads
eBooks formats:
From: Doc, Lit, Text
To: ePub, PDF
Sources:
Project Gutenberg
Publishers
Mailing List
Google Scholar -
Link
Convertors:
Calibre (Mac, Win) -
Link
e2Pub (Web) - Link
eBook reader
Options:
t h 604001002/ . s kr a m oo B
Text to speech
k
Reading Speed
Scrolling
f
48
.
49. 49. Text to Speech on
iPad
Applications
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f k
49
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50. 50. Text to Speech on iPad
Publishers
OUP
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50
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51. 51. Text to Speech on iPad
Settings
Voice Over
Text to Speech
bywords, lines,
paragraphs
Applications
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51
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52. 52. Authoring & File Converters
Authoring Software
Microsoft Reader - Windows PC
Calibre – PC, Macs
Adobe Digital Editions
– Windows PC
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52
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53. 53. File Converters
Authoring Software
FileConverter – iPad
(iOS5+)
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53
.
Masami YASUDA (2010). Action research on CALL and Web 2.0 technologies: 01/16/13 Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics, KG Univ., May 12, 2010. Masami YASUDA. June 5, 2009. "Web 2.0 Technologies in Teaching EFL Writing: Class Blogs with Text to Speech (BlogCast) for Oral Presentation and Process Writing." JALTCALL 2009, June 5-7, 2009, Toho Gakuen University, Tokyo, JAPAN.
Masami YASUDA (2010). Action research on CALL and Web 2.0 technologies: 01/16/13 Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics, KG Univ., May 12, 2010. Masami YASUDA. June 5, 2009. "Web 2.0 Technologies in Teaching EFL Writing: Class Blogs with Text to Speech (BlogCast) for Oral Presentation and Process Writing." JALTCALL 2009, June 5-7, 2009, Toho Gakuen University, Tokyo, JAPAN.
Masami YASUDA (2010). Action research on CALL and Web 2.0 technologies: 01/16/13 Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics, KG Univ., May 12, 2010.
Masami YASUDA (2010). Action research on CALL and Web 2.0 technologies: 01/16/13 Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics, KG Univ., May 12, 2010.
Masami YASUDA (2010). Action research on CALL and Web 2.0 technologies: 01/16/13 Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics, KG Univ., May 12, 2010.
Masami YASUDA (2010). Action research on CALL and Web 2.0 technologies: 01/16/13 Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics, KG Univ., May 12, 2010.
Masami YASUDA (2010). Action research on CALL and Web 2.0 technologies: 01/16/13 Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics, KG Univ., May 12, 2010.
Masami YASUDA (2010). Action research on CALL and Web 2.0 technologies: 01/16/13 Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics, KG Univ., May 12, 2010.
Masami YASUDA (2010). Action research on CALL and Web 2.0 technologies: 01/16/13 Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics, KG Univ., May 12, 2010.
Masami YASUDA (2010). Action research on CALL and Web 2.0 technologies: 01/16/13 Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics, KG Univ., May 12, 2010. Masami YASUDA. June 5, 2009. "Web 2.0 Technologies in Teaching EFL Writing: Class Blogs with Text to Speech (BlogCast) for Oral Presentation and Process Writing." JALTCALL 2009, June 5-7, 2009, Toho Gakuen University, Tokyo, JAPAN.
Masami YASUDA (2010). Action research on CALL and Web 2.0 technologies: 01/16/13 Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics, KG Univ., May 12, 2010. Masami YASUDA. June 5, 2009. "Web 2.0 Technologies in Teaching EFL Writing: Class Blogs with Text to Speech (BlogCast) for Oral Presentation and Process Writing." JALTCALL 2009, June 5-7, 2009, Toho Gakuen University, Tokyo, JAPAN.
Masami YASUDA (2010). Action research on CALL and Web 2.0 technologies: 01/16/13 Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics, KG Univ., May 12, 2010. Masami YASUDA. June 5, 2009. "Web 2.0 Technologies in Teaching EFL Writing: Class Blogs with Text to Speech (BlogCast) for Oral Presentation and Process Writing." JALTCALL 2009, June 5-7, 2009, Toho Gakuen University, Tokyo, JAPAN.
Masami YASUDA (2010). Action research on CALL and Web 2.0 technologies: 01/16/13 Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics, KG Univ., May 12, 2010. Masami YASUDA. June 5, 2009. "Web 2.0 Technologies in Teaching EFL Writing: Class Blogs with Text to Speech (BlogCast) for Oral Presentation and Process Writing." JALTCALL 2009, June 5-7, 2009, Toho Gakuen University, Tokyo, JAPAN.
Masami YASUDA (2010). Action research on CALL and Web 2.0 technologies: 01/16/13 Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics, KG Univ., May 12, 2010. Masami YASUDA. June 5, 2009. "Web 2.0 Technologies in Teaching EFL Writing: Class Blogs with Text to Speech (BlogCast) for Oral Presentation and Process Writing." JALTCALL 2009, June 5-7, 2009, Toho Gakuen University, Tokyo, JAPAN.
Masami YASUDA JALTCALL
Masami YASUDA (2010). Action research on CALL and Web 2.0 technologies: 01/16/13 Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics, KG Univ., May 12, 2010. Masami YASUDA. June 5, 2009. "Web 2.0 Technologies in Teaching EFL Writing: Class Blogs with Text to Speech (BlogCast) for Oral Presentation and Process Writing." JALTCALL 2009, June 5-7, 2009, Toho Gakuen University, Tokyo, JAPAN.
Masami YASUDA (2010). Action research on CALL and Web 2.0 technologies: 01/16/13 Foreign Language Section, School of Law & Politics, KG Univ., May 12, 2010.