Open Source Virtualization Hacks

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Agenda ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Abstract ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Technology ,[object Object],[object Object]

The Technology – openSUSE 11.0 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Technology – Xen 3.2.1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Technology – libvirt 0.4.0 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Technology – Python 2.5.2 ,[object Object],[object Object]

The Hacks ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hack #1 – The xm Command ,[object Object],NAME xm - Xen management user interface SYNOPSIS xm <subcommand> [args] DESCRIPTION The xm program is the main interface for managing Xen guest domains. The program can be used to create, pause, and shutdown domains. It can also be used to list current domains, enable or pin VCPUs, and attach or detach virtual block devices. The basic structure of every xm command is almost always: xm <subcommand> <domain-id> [OPTIONS] ...

Hack #1 – The xm Command (cont'd) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hack #2 – The virsh Command ,[object Object],[object Object],NAME virsh - management user interface SYNOPSIS virsh <subcommand> [args] DESCRIPTION The virsh program is the main interface for managing virsh guest domains. The program can be used to create, pause, and shutdown domains. It can also be used to list current domains. Libvirt is a C toolkit to interact with the virtualization capabilities of recent ver‐ sions of Linux (and other OSes). It is free software available under the GNU Lesser General Public License. Virtualization of the Linux Operating System means the ability to run multiple instances of Operat‐ ing Systems concurrently on a single hardware system where the basic resources are driven by a Linux instance. The library aim at providing long term stable C API initially for the Xen paravirtualization but should be able to integrate other virtualization mechanisms, it cur‐ rently also support QEmu and KVM. ...

Hack #2 – The virsh Command (cont'd) ,[object Object],chonju:~ # virsh Welcome to virsh, the virtualization interactive terminal. Type: 'help' for help with commands 'quit' to quit virsh # dominfo 1 Id: 1 Name: opensuse11 UUID: 60c451d0-9009-2bd6-1cfb-f71e9ec6926d OS Type: linux State: blocked CPU(s): 1 CPU time: 3.3s Max memory: 393216 kB Used memory: 393216 kB virsh # shutdown 1 Domain 1 is being shutdown virsh #

Hack #3 – virt-manager ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hack #3 – virt-manager (cont'd) ,[object Object],[object Object]

Hack #3 – virt-manager (cont'd) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hack #4 – libvirt + Python ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hack #4 – libvirt + Python (cont'd) ,[object Object],#!/usr/bin/python import libvirt import sys conn = libvirt.openReadOnly(None) if conn == None: print 'Failed to open connection to the hypervisor' sys.exit(1) try: dom0 = conn.lookupByName("Domain-0") except: print 'Failed to find the main domain' sys.exit(1) print "Domain 0: id %d running %s" % (dom0.ID(), dom0.OSType()) print dom0.info()

Hack #5 – Query the Hypervisor's Capabilities ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hack #5 – Query the Hypervisor's Capabilities (cont'd) #!/usr/bin/python import libvirt conn = libvirt.open(None) print conn.getCapabilities() info = conn.getInfo() print "CPU model: %s" % info[0] print "memory: %d kB" % info[1] print "# of CPUs: %d" % info[2] print "CPU freq: %d MHz" % info[3] print "# of NUMA cell: %d" % info[4] print "# of CPU sockets: %d" % info[5] print "# of cores per socket: %d" % info[6] print "# of threads per core: %d" % info[7]

Hack #6 – Start/Stop a VM ,[object Object],[object Object],#!/usr/bin/python import sys, libvirt vmname = sys.argv[1] conn = libvirt.open(None) dom = conn.lookupByName(vmname) dom.create() dom = conn.lookupByName(vmname) print "%d started" % dom.ID()

Hack #6 – Start/Stop a VM (cont'd) ,[object Object],#!/usr/bin/python import sys, libvirt vmid = int(sys.argv[1]) conn = libvirt.open(None) dom = conn.lookupByID(vmid) dom.shutdown()

Hack #7 – Migrate a VM ,[object Object],[object Object]

Hack #7 – Migrate a VM (cont'd) #!/usr/bin/python import sys, getpass, libvirt vmname = sys.argv[1] uri = sys.argv[2] mydata = "" def getCredentials(credentials, data): for credential in credentials: print credential[1] + ":", if credential[0] == libvirt.VIR_CRED_AUTHNAME: data = sys.stdin.readline() data = data[0:len(data)-1] credential[4] = data elif credential[0] == libvirt.VIR_CRED_PASSPHRASE: credential[4] = getpass("") else: return -1 return 0 flags = [libvirt.VIR_CRED_AUTHNAME,libvirt.VIR_CRED_PASSPHRASE] auth = [flags,getCredentials,mydata] localconn = libvirt.open(None) dom = localconn.lookupByName(vmname) remoteconn = libvirt.openAuth(None,auth,0) dom.migrate(remoteconn,libvirt.VIR_MIGRATE_LIVE,None,uri,0)

Hack #7 – Migrate a VM (cont'd) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hack #7 – Migrate a VM (cont'd) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hack #8 – Edit a VM Configuration ,[object Object],[object Object]

Hack #8 – Edit a VM Configuration (cont'd) ,[object Object],name="opensuse11" uuid="60c451d0-9009-2bd6-1cfb-f71e9ec6926d" memory=384 vcpus=1 on_poweroff="destroy" on_reboot="restart" on_crash="destroy" localtime=0 keymap="en-us" builder="linux" bootloader="/usr/lib/xen/boot/domUloader.py" bootargs="--entry=xvda2:/boot/vmlinuz-xen,/boot/initrd-xen" extra=" " disk=[ 'file:/var/lib/xen/images/opensuse11/disk0,xvda,w', ] vif=[ 'mac=00:16:3e:49:b8:b2', ] vfb=['type=vnc,vncunused=1']

Hack #8 – Edit a VM Configuration (cont'd) ,[object Object],#!/usr/bin/python import sys, os original = sys.argv[1] new = sys.argv[2] f = file(original, "rb") lines = f.readlines() dict = {} for line in lines: pieces = line.partition("=") dict[pieces[0]] = eval(pieces[2]) for key in dict.keys(): if key == "name": dict[key] = new elif key == "disk": disks = dict[key] dict[key] = [] for disk in disks: dict[key].append(disk.replace(os.path.basename(original),new)) elif key == "vif": dict[key] = None elif key == "uuid": dict[key] = None if dict[key] != None: print "%s=%s" % ( key, repr(dict[key]) )

Hack #8 – Edit a VM Configuration (cont'd) ,[object Object],#!/usr/bin/python import sys, libvirt vmname = sys.argv[1] maxMemory = int(sys.argv[2]) conn = libvirt.open(None) dom = conn.lookupByName(vmname) print dom.maxMemory() dom.create() dom.setMaxMemory(maxMemory) dom = conn.lookupByName(vmname) print dom.maxMemory()

Hack #9 – Edit a VM Image ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hack #10 – Clone a VM ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hack #10 – Clone a VM (cont'd) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hack #11 – Create an Appliance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hack #11 – Create an Appliance (cont'd) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hack #11 – Create an Appliance (cont'd) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hack #11 – Create an Appliance (cont'd) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Open Source Virtualization Hacks

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Open Source Virtualization Hacks