1. Structured Query Language (SQL)

2. Structured Query Language (SQL)
• Data Definition Language (DDL)
• Data Manipulation Language (DML)
• Data Retrieval (Query)

3. Types of SQL Statement
• SELECT Date Retrieval
• INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE DML
• CREATE/ALTER/DROP DDL
• COMMIT/ROLLBACK Transaction Control
• GRANT/REVOKE Control

4. SQL Statements
SELECT <SELECT LIST>
FROM <TABLE LIST>
WHERE <CONDITIONS FOR RETREIVAL>
ORDER BY <SORT CRITERIA>
Example
SELECT empno, ename, job, sal
FROM emp
WHERE sal>2500
ORDER BY job, ename
EMPNO ENAME JOB SAL
8756 KING PRESIDENT 8000
5349 EDWARD MANAGER 4500

6. SIMPLE SELECT STATEMENTS
SELECT EMPNO,ENAME, JOB FROM EMP;
SELECT * FROM EMP;
SELECT DISTINCT DEPTNO FROM EMP;
SELECT EMPNO, SAL*12 FROM EMP;
SELECT EMPNO, SAL*12 + COMM FROM EMP;
SELECT EMPNO, SAL*12 ANSAL FROM EMP;

7. WHERE CLAUSE
SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, DEPTNO
FROM EMP
WHERE DEPTNO = 10;
SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, SAL
FROM EMP
WHERE SAL >1400;
SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, SAL
FROM EMP
WHERE SAL BETWEEN 1400 AND 2500;

8. WHERE CLAUSE
SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, DEPTNO
FROM EMP
WHERE JOB = ‘PRESIDENT’;
SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, SAL
FROM EMP
WHERE JOB LIKE ‘MAN*’;
SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, SAL
FROM EMP
WHERE JOB LIKE ‘?????’;

9. WHERE CLAUSE
SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, DEPTNO
FROM EMP
WHERE JOB = ‘MANAGER’ OR JOB = ‘PRESIDENT’;
SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, SAL
FROM EMP
WHERE COMM IS NULL;

10. SORTING
SELECT EMPNO, JOB, SAL
FROM EMP
ORDER BY ENAME;
SELECT ENAME, JOB, SAL
FROM EMP
ORDER BY DEPTNO,ENAME;
COUNTING
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM EMP;
SELECT COUNT (EMPNO) FROM EMP;

11. JOIN
SELECT ENAME, DNAME
FROM EMP, DEPT
WHERE EMP.DEPTNO = DEPT.DEPTNO;
SUBQUERY
SELECT ENAME, JOB, SAL, COMM
FROM EMP
WHERE DEPTNO =
(SELECT DEPTNO FROM DEPT WHERE LOC=’CHICAGO’);