From November 2005 to November 2017

1. 7th November 2004 Friday…

3. Tooth preparation for conventional crown = opening up 40 000 to 70
000 dentinal tubules per mm2 + the heat production if inadequate
cooling fries the pulp...
Approximately 10% of all vital abutments will have lost vitality after 10
years
(Bergenholtz & Nyman 1984; Pjetursson et al. 2004b; Tan et al. 2004)

4. Dental Implant
functional
tooth saving
comfortable
reliable
esthetic
Toothfairy
for adults

8. Dental Implant
• It is a replacement option for the missing tooth
• where a device is placed on naturally or surgically
created socket
• to mimic a natural tooth.
Types (mainly):
• Root Form
• (Endosteal) Plate Form
• Subperiosteal
• Transosteal

9. History
Egyptians: Sea shells hammered unto the jaw worked as an
implant
Mayans: Date back to over 1400 years ago
A lower jaw from the Mayan civilization c. 150AD showing obsidian
stones used to replace teeth

10. Leonard Linkow in 1952, weeks after graduating
from New York University. By 1992, placed over
19,000 and stopped counting. Retired from
private practice in 2002 leaving a body of work
that included 12 books and 36 patents.

11. Per-Ingvar
Brånemark
1952: Swedish orthopedic surgeon, was studying bone
healing and regeneration by placing a chamber made up of
Titanium into the rabbit femur. After the experiment was
over, he tried to retrieve the expensive titanium apparatus
but was astonished to find that the bone had grown on to
the titanium, bone loved titanium. After many animal and
human study, it was proven.

12. Per-Ingvar Brånemark
• He called it osseointegration.
• Wanted to use this findings into knee and hip surgery,
but decided on replacement of teeth due to easy
access and the high number of edentulism.
• 1965: he placed his first dental implant.
• Worked for 15 years to validate his findings and finally
published his work in 1981.
• After scientific scrutiny, Clinical Dentistry Conference
in Toronto in 1982 set up a guideline for implantology.

14. Science of Osseointegration
"a direct functional and structural connection between
living bone and the surface of a load carrying implant"
(Branemark et al 1969)
"process whereby clinically asymptomatic rigid fixation of
alloplastic materials is achieved and maintained in bone
during functional loading"
(Zarb and Albrektsson 1991)

16. How successful are dental implants?
The 6–7-year survival rate for single implant
crowns correspond to 97.5%, while the survival
rate of implant- supported FPDs is 93.6%
Lindh, T., Gunne, J., Tillberg, A. & Molin, M. (1998). A metaanalysis of implants in
partial edentulism. Clinical Oral implants Research 9, 80-90
10-year implant survival rate of 98.8%
and a success rate of 97.0%
Buser, D., Janner, S. F. M., Wittneben, J.-G., Brägger, U., Ramseier, C. A. and Salvi, G.
E. (2012), 10-Year Survival and Success Rates of 511 Titanium Implants with a
Sandblasted and Acid-Etched Surface: A Retrospective Study in 303 Partially
Edentulous Patients. Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research, 14: 839–851.
doi:10.1111/j.1708-8208.2012.00456.x

17. Radiographic Assessment
Height
Distance to the anatomical landmarks
Bone mapping

22. Teamwork
"My model in business is the
BEATLES; they were four guys
that kept each other's negative
tendencies in check; they
balanced each other. And the
total was greater than the sum
of the parts. Great things in
business are not done by one
person, they are done by a
team of people."
Steve Jobs, Ex- CEO Apple

23. “implants are here to replace
missing teeth, they are not
supposed to replace teeth”

24. Nelson Mandela
After climbing a great hill, one finds that there
are many more hills to climb.