2. If statements
Structure of if statement:
if (true or false to check) {
instruction or output;
}
OR (if only one instruction:
if (true or false to check) instruction or
output;
3. Common Checks
x>y “x is greater than y?”
x<y “x is less than y?”
x==y “x is equal to y?”
x!=y “x is not equal to y?”
x>=y “x is greater than or equal to y?”
x<=y “x is less than or equal to y?”
x%2==0 “x is divisible by two (even).”
4. Using else
if (true or false to check) {
instruction or output;
}
else {
instruction or output;
}
5. else if
if (true or false to check) {
instruction or output;
}
else if (another check) {
instruction or output;
}
else {
instruction or output;
}
6. Compound Comparisons
Use parentheses if clarity is needed.
Use && for AND and || for OR.
Examples:
if (x>0 && x<100) “x is greater than 0 and
less than 100.”
If (x<0 || x>100) “x is less than 0 or greater
than 100.”
7. Negation
You can also check the opposite value of
a condition using !
Example:
if (!(x%2==0)) “x is odd (not even).”