1st Conditional Structure and Examples

1st Conditional
Miquel and Edu

Structure
If + present simple / will+ infinitive
( if clause ) ( main clause )
Will + infinitive / if + present simple

Use
We use 1st Conditional to talk about possible and probable
situations in the future and their consequences.

Examples
( Affirmative ) If he phones I will tell him the news
( Negative ) If we don't do the exam we will fail
( Interrogative ) Will you sing if I sing too?

1st conditional
Júlia Buch i Fiona Ortega

When do we use it?
We use the first conditional when we speak
about situations that are probable.

Structure
IF + PRESENT SIMPLE WILL + INF.
MAIN CLAUSEMAIN CLAUSEMAIN CLAUSEMAIN CLAUSEIF CLAUSEIF CLAUSEIF CLAUSEIF CLAUSE

Examples
If it rains I will take the bus.
If he phones I will tell him the truth.
If you don't study you will fail the exam.

Exercices 1st Conditional
Max U. and Pol V.

Exercise 1
Select the correct answer

"If I win the lottery...
a) I would buy a car"
b) I have bought a car"
c) I will buy a car"
d) I do will buy a car"

"I will be happy...
a) if I win my football match"
b) if I would win my football match"
c) if I have will won my football match"
d) if I will win my football match"

"What will you do...
a) if you will get a 10 in an exam?"
b) if you would get a 10 in an exam?"
c) if you have got a 10 in an exam?"
d) if you get a 10 in an exam?"

Exercise 2
Complete the sentences with the correct
form of the verbs

1
If I ............. (pass) my exam, I ............. (be) very
happy.

1
If I pass (pass) my exam, I will be (be) very
happy.

2
I ............ (not go) to the cinema unless
I ............... (finish) my homework.

2
I won't go (not go) to the cinema unless I finish
(finish) my homework.

3
If she ............ (say) she doesn't love him,
he ................. (feel) really sad.

3
If she says (say) she doesn't love him, he will
feel (feel) really sad.

4
What ........... you ......... (buy) if your
parents .............. (give) you 50€?

4
What will you buy (buy) if your parents give
(give) you that 50€?

Exercise
Match the two parts of the sentence

Match:
I will be very
happy
If I get the job
Unless I forget it at home
I will make some cookies
We won't win the game
I will give my composition to the teacher
if I have enough sugar
unless we score another goal
my mother will congratulate me
if I pass my exam

Exercises of 1st
Angela Roman and Mireia Riu

1st exercise
1. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs:
A. If I ________(fail) the exam I ____________(take) it again.
B. My parents____________(be) really angry if they _______(see) my
bedroom.
C. She _____________(pass) the exam if she ____________(study)
D. If we _______ (take) the bus we ________________(arrive) at home
at 7 o'clock
E. What_______ you _______ (do) if the weather _________(be) nice
this weekend
Fail
Will take
Will beSe
e
Is
DoWill
Take
Will pass
Will arrive
Studies

F. I ______________(not tell) you my secret if you ________________(not
come) to Mark's party with me
G. If pollution _____________ (increase) more plants and animals
____________ (die)
H. If you ________(phone) a friend tonight, what ________ you ________
(talk) about?
I. If she doen't __________ (put on) a jacket, she ________________ (catch)
a cold.
J. Students ______________ (work) in the library if they ________ (scream)
Will Talk
Phone
Will die
Will catch
Increases
Don't come
Won't tell
Scream
Won't work
Put on

2nd Conditional
Aleix Real and Marc Salvatella

Use
It expresses something
that is really
improbable or
impossible.
Example: If I were you,
I wouldn't go there.

Basic Structure
Consists on an if clause and a main clause.
Example: IF we didn't have the internet (if
clause), life WOULD be really boring (main
clause).

Advanced structure
If clause: If + Subject + Verb in past simple +
Rest
Main clause: Subject + Would + Verb in infinitive
+ Rest

Examples
Affirmative:
If I were the president, I would change the law.
Negative:
If I went to Paris, I wouldn't go to shop.
Interrogative:
Would I go to Sagrada Familia if I went to Barcelona?

2nd CONDITIONAL
Bronte Plana & Berta Comabella

USE:
We use the second conditional to talk about
unreal or imagined situations in the present
or future

STRUCTURE:
MAIN CLAUSEIF CLAUSE
If + Past simple
Would/Wouldn't + Infinitive

EXAMPLES:
If I were older, I would live in my own flat.
If I were you, I would buy that dress.
If I won the lottery I would buy a big house.
If I were the president of the United States of
America I would change the law.

EXERCISES, 2nd
conditional
By: Martina Sellarès, Olivia Dove

If we HAD/WOULD HAVE a bigger house, I
HAD/ 'D HAVE my own bedroom.
If we HAD/WOULD HAVE a bigger house, I
HAD/ 'D HAVE my own bedroom.

If I HAD/ 'D HAVE more money, I WENT/'D GO
and visit my uncle in America.
If I HAD/ 'D HAVE more money, I WENT/'D GO
and visit my uncle in America.

If we DIDN'T/ WOULDN'T have a dog our house
SMELLED/WOULD SMELL better.
If we DIDN'T/ WOULDN'T have a dog our house
SMELLED/WOULD SMELL better.

I LIKED/ WOULD LIKE our town more if there
WERE/ WOULD BE more places for teenagers.
I LIKED/ WOULD LIKE our town more if there
WERE/ WOULD BE more places for teenagers.

I BOUGHT/ WOULD BUY a DVD player if they
WEREN'T/ WOULDN'T BE so expensive.
I BOUGHT/ WOULD BUY a DVD player if they
WEREN'T/ WOULDN'T BE so expensive.

2. Complete the sentences. Use the
correct form of the verbs in brackets.

If I _______ (be) older, I _______ (leave) school.
If my brother _______ (leave) home I ________
(have) his bedroom.
If I _____ (know) the answers, I _______ (tell)
you!
WERE 'D leave
WOULD HAVE
LEFT
WOULD TELL
KNEW

Your parents ________ (be) angry if they
________ (know) what you've done.
If we _______ (not have) a TV, _______ you
______ (read) more books?
WOULD BE
KNEW
DIDN'T HAVE
WOUL
D
READ

Exercises
Maria Franquesa and Emma Autó

Complete:
If I ____ (know) his number I _____ ____ (give)
him a call
If we ___ (have) enough money we _____ ______
(travel)

Complete:
If I knew his number I would give him a call
If we had enough money we would travel

Match the sentences
She would do it
I wouldn't do that
If we lived in the country
We would need a second car
If she could
If I were you

Choose the correct
answer I
If my grandfather were younger, he wouldn't
forget/didn't forget so many things
If I would have/had more money, I would buy a
new car

Choose the correct
answer
If my grandfather were younger, he wouldn't
forget so many things
If I had more money, I would buy a new car

Choose the correct
answer II
If his nose were smaller, he would be/was very
handsome
I would come if I had/would have a car

Choose the correct
answer II
If his nose were smaller, he would be very
handsome
I would come if I had a car

Choose the correct form
of the verb
A. Can talk
B. Could talk
C. Will talk
D. Talk
- We would learn a lot from dolphins if they ______

Choose the correct form
of the verb
A. Look
B. Would look
C. Will look
D. Looks
- If her hair were black, she _____ completely
differently

If +subject +had + past
participle
Subject + would have +
past participle
Structure
IF
CLAUSE
MAIN
CLAUSE

Structure
If + subject + had + past participle /
subject + would have + past
participle

When do we use it?
We use third conditional to talk about
imagined situations in the past.
No
w
Pas
t

Examples
If elephants had lived in the sea they
would have known how to swim.

She would have been happy if she had won the
competition.

If my mum had cooked a brownie I wouldn't have been
hungry.

3rd conditional
Olivia Flo & Claudia Arrese

Use
We use the third conditional to talk about
impossible conditions.
They are impossible because we can't change
the past.

Structure
If + past perfect / would + have + past participle
If clause Main clause

3rd conditional
exercises
Meritxell and Júlia Gras

A. Would pass
If I had studied harder, I ................. my exam.
B. Would have passed
C. Will pass
D. Would passed
Choose the correct answr

If you............to the party, you would have seen me.
A. Went
C. Had gone
B. Have gone
D. Go

A. Will not have
If she had listened to me, she ..................... problems
C. Would no have
D. Would not have had
B. Would not had

A. Should buy
I ................. milk at the store last night
C. Should have bought
B. Should bought
D. Should have buy

A. Has
If he .................. the opportunity, he could have gone
D. Had had
C. Have had
B. Had

He crashed his car, because he fell asleep while driving.
If he .......................... asleep while driving, he ............................................... his car.
We couldn't go to the concert, because we didn't have enough money.
If we .......................... enough money, we .................................. to the concert.
I lost my job because I was late for work.
I ......................................... my job if I .......................... late for work.
The wind was so strong that the bridge collapsed.
If the wind .......................... so strong, the bridge ................................................. .
I couldn't call Sally because I had lost her number.
I .......................................... Sally if I .......................... her number.
In this exercise, you will practice forming the third conditional. Based on the example sentence, complete the
third conditional sentence by filling in the spaces.
hadn't fallen wouldn't have crashed
had had could have gone
hadn't been
wouldn't have lost
could have called
hadn't been
hadn't lost
wouldn't have collapsed

Activities
Alba Hernandez & Mariona Urgell

Complete the sentences using the
correct form of the verbs in brackets:
If I had seen Mary I _____________________(tell)
her. would have told
If I had won the lottery I _______________ (buy) a
car.would have bought
If they had not passed their exam their teacher
______________ (be) sad.
would have been

Would you ____________ (go) to Paris If you and
Sarah were still together?
have gone
If it hadn't rained yesterday would you still
____________ (stay) at home?
have stayed
If you ___________ (invite) John what would you
have done?
had invited
If you had asked me I would ____________
(say) no.have said

If I ____________ (eat) so much, I wouldn't have
felt sick.
Hadn't eaten
He _________________ (be) tired if he had gone
to bed earlier.
I _____________ (have) finished my homework
earlier if I ___________ (get) distracted.
If you ____________ (study) you would
______________ (pass) the test.
wouldn't have been
Would have
Had studied
Have passed
Hadn't got

Write 3rd conditional
sentences
You / do / well / if / you / study
_____________________________
_______________ .
You would have done well if you
had studied
You / not /get / sick / if / you / had / eat / more /
vegetables.
__________________________________________
___________________ .
You wouldn't have gotten sick if
you had eaten more vegetables

You / go / to / concert / if / I / sick?
_______________________________Would you have gone to the concert
_____________________________.if I had been sick?
I/ not / win / if / it / not / for / you
_________________________________________
_________ .
I wouldn't have won if it weren't
for of you
I/ not /take/ bus/ if / I / had/ car
___________________________________________
__ .
I would not have taken the bus if
I'd had a car

Complete the text using the verbs in the box.
Put them in the correct form of the 3rd
conditional.
I'm a good swimmer and I entered a junior
swimming competition.
The morning of the competition I got up late
because I forgot to set my alarm clock.
remember, get, get up, have, forget

If I ______________ to set my alarm clock I
wouldn't _____________ up late.
Had remembered
I rushed out of the house. When I got there I
realized that I had forgotten my gym bag, so that
meant that I didn't have a swimsuit! So I had to
swim in my clothes.
Have got
If _______________ late and rushed out of the
house I ______________ there early, and I
_____________ to swim in my clothes.
I hadn't got up
have gotwould
would't have had

My clothes were so heavy that I came in last.
So if I ___________ up early, I ___________ left in
a hurry and forgotten my swim suit. If I
____________ my swim suit I ___________ won.
had got
wouldn't have
hadn't forgotten
would have

1st Conditional Structure and Examples

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