The document describes the traditional houses of various ethnic groups in the Cordillera region of northern Luzon in the Philippines. The houses vary in size, shape, and design according to the terrain and needs of protection, but generally have structures made of wood and bamboo with thatched roofs. They serve functions of shelter, storage, and defense. The Isneg have boat-shaped houses elevated above the ground. The Kalinga have square and octagonal houses built without nails. The Bontoc have compartmentalized houses built directly on the ground. The Ifugao have elevated square houses under steep roofs. The Kankanay have elevated square houses on posts like the Bontoc.

2. ✓Vary in size and shape
✓Common functions
• Provision of shelter from cold
• Protection from dampness and humidity (w/c can destroy
grains)
• Offers defense / protection from hostile tribesman, wild
animals, and vermin
• Homes are designed in relation to terrain to mountains
- ISNEG – KALINGA – BONTOC – IFUGAO - KANKANAY

4. ✓ The Isneg, also Isnag or Apayao, live at the northwesterly end of northern Luzon, in the
upper half of the Cordillera province of Apayao
✓ The term “Isneg” derives from a combination of “is” meaning “recede” and “uneg”
meaning “interior.” Thus, it means “people who have gone into the interior.”

5. ✓ The Isneg House
Binuron, built slightly
above the ground, is
also a one-room
dwelling like the fale
but has more light and
is bigger. Its bamboo
layered, gable roof
ensembles an inverted
boat, a design unique
to the Isneg who are
boatbuilders.

7. ✓ Kalinga houses are of two
shapes, the octagonal house
and the square house
✓ The Kalinga house gives the
impression to be nothing but
a square and octagonal
mesokurtic structure resting
on four and twelve posts
✓ It is constructed out of
carefully selected indigenous
timbers that are strongly
mortised, attached, and
handled to hold the house
together. In its entirety, no
nails are used for all
connections

8. SQUARE HOUSE (VULINAW OR PINALTONG)
✓ The poor man’s dwelling
among the Kalinga with four
main posts erected directly at
the corner.
✓ Square house is compact,
sophisticated and deceptive
in its simplicity.
✓ These square houses might
on statistical grounds alone
be called the "typical" Kalinga
house, it is elevated to about
shoulder height by four posts
(tu’ud), around which are
fitted cylindrical or square
stone ratguards.

9. SQUARE HOUSE (VULINAW OR PINALTONG)

10. SQUARE HOUSE (VULINAW OR PINALTONG)

11. OCTAGONAL HOUSE (GILITOD/FINARYON)
✓ binayon/finaryon, house - The
traditional house in an
octagonal layout or plan. In
Apayao, this house is called
binuron.
✓ It is the dwelling of wealthy
families or the aristocratic
class and this type of
traditional house could only be
found in some part of
Tanudan, Tinglayan and
Lubuagan.
✓ The octagonal house which is
larger and older than the
square house is made possible
by 12 short posts.

12. OCTAGONAL HOUSE (GILITOD/FINARYON)

14. AFUNG HOUSE
✓ Afung is the Bontoc house for
married couples and children
up to eight years old.
✓ Afung is one of the houses in
the Cordillera that is built
directly on the ground and its
ground space serving as the
main living and working areas.
✓ The traditional type of house in
Bontoc, Mountain Province
comprised of perimeter
wooden walls enclosed in an
open living space, and central
granaries. It is covered by a
steep, thick roof that is almost
covering the perimeter wall.

15. BARBAREY VILLAGE
✓ Barbarey Village –
The village usually consists
of ator (men‟s meeting
place), afong (houses),
pabafunan (boy‟s
dormitory), chap-ay (open
space with flat stone in
circular layout), and
ahkamang (rice granary)

17. Li-im, eating area
• The most spacious in the house since
it contains only an elevated stick rack (patyay)
suspended on the wall, and the water jar
(panannom) in one corner
Tap-an, pounding area
• The section of the house with stone
pavement and a pounding hole where the task
of pounding rice is done.
Ang-an, sleeping area
• The area utilized for sleeping with
atag (reed mat) as bed for the couple and
children up to eight years old.
Falig, granary
Soklut, cooking area

19. BALE / FALE VILLAGE
✓ The traditional lfugao
housei an elevated square
and windowless one-
room structure
dominated by a high,
heavy, pyramidal roof.
✓ The exterior of the house
seems to be nothing but a
pyramid resting on four
posts, while the interior
space is enclosed by
slanting walls and ceiling
that appears to be
spherical that are formed
by the loft.

23. "Kankanay", also "Kankanai," "Kankana-i" or
"Kankana-ey," has no definite etymological
derivation.It refers to the culture, the
language, and the people who lived together
with a neighboring groupcalled Ibaloy,
comprise the Igorot of Benguet (the
southernmost province of the Cordillera
region).
These communities appear to have existed
long before the coming of the Spaniards to the
archipelago.

24. ✓ baey/babayan, house An
elevated, square, one-room
house of the Kankanay and
lbaloi, with four thick posts
supporting a timber upper
floor and steep hip type roof
of cogon grass. The lower end
of the roof flared out similar
to the roof of the Bontocs and
Kalingas houses.
✓ Traditionally, Kankanay village
was set on the hump of the
hill whose elevation afforded a
naturaldefensive advantage to
neighboring groups
BAEY / BABAYAN