2. Definition of Software
Also called a computer program
It consists of a series of instructions that tells
the hardware of a computer what to do or
how to do it
For example :
Some instruction direct the computer to allow
you to input data from a keyboard and store it
in the memory
Other instructions cause data stored in memory
to be used in calculations
3. Usage of Software
Interact with the program through its user
interface
This user interface controls how you enter
data, instructions and how information is
displayed on the screen
4. Types of Software
2. Application Software
All program that perform
specific tasks for users
1.System Software
Used to control and
manage computer devices
and operations
Software
Operating
System
Utility
Program
Examples of application
software
Microsoft Word, Microsoft
Excel, Outlook
Express and Internet
Explorer
5. System Software
Operating System
program that is loaded into the computer and
coordinates all the activities among computer
hardware devices
controls the hardware in the computer ,
peripherals, manages memory and files
enables the user to communicate with the
computer and other software
examples of operating system are Microsoft
Windows, Macintosh OS X, Linux , Unix and also
DOS
6. System Software
Utility Programs
allows user to perform maintenance-type tasks
It has been integrated into most major operating
systems such as format, check and defragment
disks
examples of utility programs are antivirus and file
compression programs
9. Functions of Operating System
Starting a computer
Providing a user interface
Managing data & programs
Managing memory
Configuring Devices
Functions
of
OS
10. Functions of Operating System
Starting a Computer
first function of an operating system
When start a computer, it loads the operating
system into the computer's memory. This
process is called booting
11. What is Booting
Booting means to load and initialize
the operating system on a computer
machine. It can happen in two ways
which is warm boot or cold boot
starting a computer that is
already off. It happens
when we turn on a computer
that has been completely
powered off
COLD BOOT
restarting a computer that is
already on. It normally
happens after installing a new
software or hardware or after an
application crashes or stops
working.
WARM BOOT
12. Functions of Operating System
Providing a user interface
the most important function of an operating
system, is providing the user interface
controls how the user enters data and instruction
and how information is displayed
The user interface typically enables users:
to start an application program
to manage disks and files such as formatting, copying
and renaming
to shut down the computer safely by following the
correct procedures
13. Functions of Operating System
Providing a user interface
The three (3) types of user interface are Command-Line,
Menu-Driven and Graphical, User Interface (GUI)
14. Functions of Operating System
Managing data & program
When we start an application, the CPU loads the
application from storage into memory
Multitasking operating systems enable users to work
with two or more application programs at the same
time
15. Functions of Operating System
Managing memory
Operating system is also responsible for
managing memory such as :
optimizing the use of Random Access Memory
(RAM)
allocating data and instruction to an area of
memory while being processed
monitoring the contents of memory
releasing data and instructions from being
monitored in memory when the process is done
16. Functions of Operating System
Configuring Devices
Handling input and output, as well as enabling
communication with input and output devices
Most operating systems come with drivers for
popular input and output devices
These drivers install new devices and check
whenever there is conflict with these devices
17. Types of Application Software
Word Processing
Spreadsheet
Presentation
Graphics Editing
18. Word Processing
Example : Microsoft Word, Corel Word Perfect,
EasyWord, Celframe Word, Kword, OpenOffice
Write
Allows users to create and manipulate
documents containing mostly text and
sometimes graphics
Can be used to produce documents such as
letters, memos, reports, fax cover, sheets,
mailing labels, news letters and web pages
19. Spreadsheet
Example : Microsoft Excel, Corel Quattro Pro,
EasySpreadsheet, Celframe Spreadsheet,
Kspread, openOffice Calc
Allows users to organize and manipulate data in
rows and columns. Contains cell on which you
can insert formula, labels, perform automatic
recalculation
Produce worksheets that require repetitive
recalculation
Features : containing formula, making charts,
what-if analysis function, making query
20. Presentation
Example : Microsoft PowerPoint, Corel
Presentations, EasyPresentation, Celframe
PowerPresentation, Kpresenter, OpenOffice
Impress
Allows users to create visual aids for
presentations to communicate ideas, messages
and other information to an audience
Also can insert audio in our presentation; but
editing the audio using audio editing software
such as Sony Sound 7.0
21. Graphics Editing
Example : Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator,
Corel Draw, Jasc Paint Shop Pro, Inkscape
Allows users to work with drawings, photos
and pictures
Provide users the ability of creating,
manipulating and printing graphics
22. Types of Application Software
Software Suite
Collection of individual program sold as single
package
Designed to enhance the performance our work.
It typically includes Word Processing,
Spreadsheet, Presentation, E-mail
Currently, Microsoft Office is a very popular
example of software suite being used
23. Utility Programs
Also known as service programs, is a type of
system software that allow user to perform
maintenance-type task, usually related to
managing a computer
Types of utility programs:
Built in – windows explorer, disk cleanup, disk
defragmenter
Stand-alone utility – winzip, norton utility, kaspersky
24. Utility Programs
Utility Programs Examples
1. File Management Windows Explorer
2. Diagnostic Utility Norton Utilities
3. File Compression WinZip, WinRAR, PKZip
4. Antivirus Kaspersky, AVG, Avast
5. Defragmenter Disk Defragmenter, Norton Speed
Disk
6. Disk Scanner
25. Proprietary & Open Source
Software
Proprietary Software (Closed Source
Software)
Company develop the owns software
Have to pay the software if want to use
Example : Microsoft Office 2007, Adobe
Photoshop CS3, Windows 7
Open Source Software
Free to use
provides the original source code used to create it
so that advanced users can modify it to make it
work better for them
Example : Linux, Mozilla Firefox 3.0,
26. Differences between Proprietary &
Open Source Software
Open Software Proprietary
Linux, Ubuntu, OpenOffice.org Windows Vista, Microsoft Word
Purchased with its source code Purchased without its source code
Users can modify the software Users cannot modify the software
Can get open software for free of
charge
Must pay to get the proprietary
software
Can install software freely into any
computer
Must have a license from vendor
before
install into computer
No one is responsible to the
software
Full support from vendor if anything
happened to the software