This presentation was given by SPA Bhopal for "Anusandhaana" - XV Annual NOSPlan Convention

1. STATE OF CITIES AND DEVELOPMENT
PLAN PROVISIONS
XV Annual NOSPlan Convention
THEME: SAFE CITIES

2. Safe Cities
• Safe City- It is a concept which enhances the protection of general public
and reduces their exposure to risks caused by both, disaster as well as
crime in a city.
• From planning aspect, coordinated policies and action in spatial planning
(building height to street width ratio which avoids creation of confined
passages), transport (frequency of service) and urban design (building
facade can create friendly spaces and even commercial ground floor uses)
in particular contributes in reducing the crime in the city as well as making
it safe from the disasters it is vulnerable to.

3. Development Plan
?

4. Legal Document
Long term perspective plan
For guiding sustainable planned development
Basis for all infrastructure requirement
Lays down planning guidelines, policies, development code, etc
Source: Delhi Development Authority (DDA)

5. Jabalpur Development
Plan

6. JABALPUR- Location
• Latitude: 23°10' North
• Longitude: 79°57' East
• Altitude: 393 meters above mean
sea level (MSL)
Source: Jabalpur Development Plan, 2005

7. City Profile
DEMOGRAPHY
• Population: 1.2 million
• Population Density: 338/Hectare
• Average Household Size: 5.35
TOPOGRAPHY
• Located on the banks of the perennial Narmada
River.
• Surrounded by low rocky and barren lands.
• Entire area of the city is hilly, with slopes differing
in grade from 2 to 30 per cent.
• The city is almost bifurcated by a central ridge
running parallel to the railway line that girds the
city in a horseshoe (“U”) shape.
GEOLOGY
Variety of soils formed by decomposition of
fragmented quartz, feldspar and silica mixed with
alumina, iron, magnesia, lime and alkali.
Municipal Area: 129.20 Sq. Km
Planning Area: 245.17 Sq. Km
Source: Jabalpur Development Plan, 2005

8. Historical Background Of City
 Jabalpur city is part of the Jabalpur congregation
comprising of Jabalpur city, Jabalpur Cantonment and
Khamaria Township.
 This ancient city (traditionally also known as
"Mahakoshal") is located in central India, in the state of
Madhya Pradesh.
 The city owes its cultural heritage to the Kalchuri
Dynasty, which was at its zenith in 300 BC.
 At present, the city is prominent for the Government of
India’s defense and military establishments that are
located in and around the city.
 The College of Defense Management (formerly, Army
Officers' School) and large factories like the Gun
Carriage Factory, Ordinance Factory, etc. are located
here.
Source: Jabalpur City Development Plan, 2011
Bhedaghat
Chausath
Yogini
Temple
High Court

9. Case Study
Jabalpur
Earthquake, 1997

10. Seismic Details
Intensity Scale for Jabalpur = MKS VII
 MSK VIII - Destruction of Buildings
(a) Fright and panic; also persons driving motor cars are
disturbed.
(b) Most buildings of rural structure and reinforced
buildings suffer damage like destruction. Stone walls
collapse.
(c) Small landslips in hollows and on banked roads on
steep slopes occur; there are cracks in ground up to
widths of several centimeters. Waters in lakes become
turbid. New reservoirs come into existence.
Jabalpur
Source: National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)

11. Impact of Earthquake
The earthquake caused significant damage to structures in Jabalpur, and also the
surrounding districts of Jabalpur.
Date 22 May, 1997
Origin Time 04 Hrs. 21min. 31.8sec.
Epicenter Lat. 23.08 N, Long. 80.06 E
Focal Depth 35Km.
Magnitude 6.0
• The earthquake brought an untold rain of sorrows to over 15,416 families who were rendered
homeless and more than 3,06,389 houses were partially damaged.
• In Jabalpur City, 67 wards were affected while the number of villages affected in Jabalpur
district was 1859.
• Out of 39 deaths which occurred due to earthquake, 38 alone were in Jabalpur City and one
death occurred in Chhindwada.
• Massive destruction created is among the 2-3 storeyed residential buildings of various
government agencies: Dept. of telecom, railways etc.
Source: EERI special Earthquake report, EERI Newsletter, Vol. 32, No. 2,
Aug. 1997

12. Source: EERI special Earthquake report, EERI Newsletter, Vol. 32, No. 2,
Aug. 1997

13. Disaster and Development
Development
can increase
Vulnerability
Development
can reduce
Vulnerability
Disaster can
provide
development
opportunities
Disaster can set
back
Development
Development Realm
Negative
Realm
Positive
Realm
Disaster Realm

14. • For the development plan of 2021 year, there is
an addition made to the provisions of 2005
development plan.
• The additional provision says that, the
abandoned areas which are naturally hazardous,
should follow the provisions, rules and
regulations profoundly.
• While re-developing the effected area, special
techniques should be used which strengthens the
building in bearing high magnitude shocks of
earthquake.
• The Indian Standard Institute has published a document
(13827-1993) which is provided with “Guidelines for
improving earthquake resistance of earthen buildings’’.
These guidelines are to be followed for such building.
• The development cost for earthquake resistant housing
increases by 2-3% of total cost.
• For the above mentioned provisions, Jabalpur
Development Authority, Municipal Corporation,
Jabalpur District Rural Development Agency and
Madhya Pradesh Housing Board engineers can provide
guidance for the designing purpose.
Year 2005 Year 2021
Master Plan Provisions for Earthquake Resilient
Development
Source: Jabalpur Development Plan, 2005
Jabalpur Development Plan, 2021

15. Land Use Analysis
Existing Residential
Proposed Residential
Proposed Recreational
Existing Agriculture
Proposed Public &
Semi - Public
Proposed Market
Gardening
Existing Public &
Semi Public
Proposed Residential
Existing Residential
Proposed Mandi
Proposed Public &
Semi Public
Proposed Industrial
Extended Area into
Municipal Boundary
Source: Jabalpur Development Plan, 2005
Jabalpur Development Plan, 2021
Jabalpur Land Use Map, 2005
Jabalpur Land Use Map, 2021

16. Proposed Land use map with seismic
zonation
High Risk Zone
Medium Risk Zone
Low Risk Zone
Proposed Land Use Map with Seismic Zonation
Source: Jabalpur Development Plan, 2021
Geological Survey of India

17. Crime Scenario in
Jabalpur

18. Crime scenario in Jabalpur
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
NUMBER
OF
RECORDED
CASES
YEAR
Annually Recorded IPC Crimes (2001-2012)
Murder Robbery Kidnap House Break Theft Rape Molestation
2005
2001 2002 2003 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Source: www.mppolice.gov.in

19. Transportation
Public Transportation: Presently the usage of public transportation is observed to be
just 7%. This is due to, no proper connectivity of the city.
Under JNNURM scheme,
the Jabalpur City
Transport System is
proposed keeping two
elements majorly in view.
Those are the good
accessibility and safety of
the city
Map Showing: proposed public transportation routes by Jnnurm
Source: Jabalpur City Transport Service Limited.

20. Housing
Slum
Source: Jabalpur City Development Plan, 2011
Map Showing: Location of Slums

21. So What Next ..???

22. Level 1 : Macro Planning
Level 3 : Micro Planning
Level 2 : ?

23. Suggestions
Observation
 Vaguely worded and obsolete codal provision.
 No clarity on how the new codes and the
proposed revision to the existing codes will be
applied.
Post Disaster Initiatives
 Review of Development Control Regulations
 Division of development control rules can be
into two parts: State wise and Issues dependent
on local conditions. Issues dependent on local
conditions are planning regulations, local
building regulations and standards, maintenance
and up gradation regulation to be framed locally
with local considerations.
Source: The Indian Concrete Journal, Vol. 72, No. 11, Nov. 1998
Proceedings of 12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Auckland,
New Zealand, 2000.
 No earthquake resistant features were observed
in the effected buildings
 No seismic provisions incorporated in building
bye-laws.
 There is a clear need to put in place a
system wherein the municipal authorities
are in a position to enforce seismic code
provision in all new constructions.
 Informal building construction taking place without
involvement of engineers and no regard to seismic
safety.
 Lack of involvement of professional engineers in
seismic agenda.
 Penalize the Defaulters.
 Offer some incentives to municipal
engineers, so that they perform their
responsibility and also to conduct special
review in structural framework of the
buildings

24. Future Outlook
Seismic Micro zonation
• The micro zonation which is done for seismic hazard mitigation has to be taken into
account while planning the new development area.
• National Vulnerability Assessment methodology (component of earthquake disaster risk
management framework)
i. Rapid Visual Screening: only visual evaluation and limited additional information;
compulsory for all buildings.
ii. Simplified Vulnerability Assessment: Limited engineering analysis on the basis of
information from visual observation and structural drawings; for all buildings with high
concentration of people.
iii. Detailed Vulnerability Assessment: Detailed computer analysis; Important for all lifeline
and important buildings.

25. Crime Reductions Factors
Three Planning
Components
Transportation
Spatial
arrangement
Urban Design
IMPLEMENTATION
Public
Transportation
Mixed
Land Use
Micro
level
Planning

26. Thank You
Anmol Anand
Anusha Matam
Kushagra Sinha
Shivani Khadke
Srishti Arya
Swarna Dutt