3. Innovation
TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

4.  Innovation may take any of the following forms:
the introduction of any new product, the use of a
new product, the opening of the new market, the
reorientation of the new industries.
 In business context , innovation may be defined
as “the technical, industrial and commercial
steps which lead to the marketing of new
products and to commercial use of new technical
process and equipment.”

5. Innovation
Next-generation
Incremental technological
Radical innovation
innovation
innovation

6. Causes for the failure of
the new product
The better mousetrap no one wanted
The me-too product meeting a competitive
brick wall
Competitive one-upmanship
Environmental ignorance
Technological dog-products
The price crunch

7. Sources of technological
dynamics
 Expectations
 Innovative drive of the company
 Demand conditions
 Suppliers’ offerings
 Competitive dynamics
 Substitutes
 Social forces
 Research organization

8. Impact of technological
environment
• Difficulty • Increasing
in need for
motivatio capital
n
Higher Global
productivi competiti
ty vity
Need for
Changing multiskilli
job profile ng
• Social • Organizati
implicatio onal
n restructuri
ng

9. Indicators of technological
progress
Expenditure of technological progress
Exp. On R & D
Investment in infrastructure for research
& technological development
Total no. of technological foreign
collaborations
Total payments made for import of
foreign technology

10. Transfer of technology
 Process by which commercial technology is
disseminated.

11. Levels of TT
operati
onal
Duplica Level Adapti
tive s of ve
TT
Innovat
ive

12. Methods of technology
transfer
Employ
ment of
technica
l expert
Contracts
for supply Licensin
of
machinary
Methods g
agreeme
and
equipment of TT nts

13. Technology in different
fields
 Nanotechnology
 Biotechnology
 Data mining
 Network security

14. Technology environment in
india
 Low level of government spending on the
development of science and technology.
 Inadequate infrastructural facilities for
research.
 Inadequate monetary and fiscal incentives for
research and dev.
 Inadequate funds for research.
 High competition with MNC and other
foreign agencies.

15. Time lags in technology
 Refers to the late implementation of
technology in the country.
 Generally it is related with the idea of
developed & developing countries.
 There is often a time lag between countries in
the adoption and diffusion of technologies.

16. Importance of transfer of
technology