1. Réalisé par Nabil SI HAMMOU
للمطارات الوطني المكتب
National Office of Airports
National Institute of Statistics
and Applied Economics
Modeling and simulation of passenger flow
in Casablanca International Airport
Modeling and simulation of passenger flow
in Casablanca International Airport
Nabil Si Hammou
Operations Research Engineer
n.sihammou@gmail.com
Jury:
M. Ghali Maan Abdellaoui (INSEA)
M. Adelhamid Benttaieb (ONDA)
ONDAINSEA
2. Introduction:
–Outline of the company
–Context and objectives
Modeling of passenger processing :
–Process description
–Data
–Management rules
Development of the IT program
Test and results
Conclusion
Plan
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Casablanca International Airport
3. The National Office of Airports (ONDA) is a public and industrial organism with
financial autonomy. It was created in 1979 in order to achieve the following goals:
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The guarantee of the safety of the aviation at the airports and in the air
space under national jurisdiction
The guarantee of the safety of the aviation at the airports and in the air
space under national jurisdiction
The arrangement, the exploitation, the interview and the development of
the civil airports of Morocco.
The arrangement, the exploitation, the interview and the development of
the civil airports of Morocco.
The boarding, the landing, the transit and the routing on the ground
passengers and goods transported by air
The boarding, the landing, the transit and the routing on the ground
passengers and goods transported by air
The connection with the bodies and the international airports to meet the
needs of the air traffic.
The connection with the bodies and the international airports to meet the
needs of the air traffic.
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33
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The National Office of Airports (ONDA) ensures the development and exploitation of
15 international airports. The biggest of them is Casablanca International Airport
(Mohamed V)
Outline of the companyOutline of the company
4. The Casablanca International Airport was created in 1980. In 2005, the number of
passengers at the airport was more than 5 millions passengers. It holds 3 terminals
and 2 runways.
Terminals : The airport holds 3 terminals.
– Total surface of the terminals is 110.000 m2
.
– Total expected capacity is around 11,4 millions passengers annually.
Aerodromes: Besides traffic lanes and parking of aircrafts, the aerodrome consists of
2 runways:
– Width: 45m .
– length : 3720m
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Surface : 40 000m²
Capacity: 5 millions
passengers annually
Surface : 40 000m²
Capacity: 5 millions
passengers annually
Surface : 66 000m²
Capacity: 6 millions
passengers annually
Surface : 66 000m²
Capacity: 6 millions
passengers annually
Surface : 4 000m²
Capacity: 400 000
passengers annually
Surface : 4 000m²
Capacity: 400 000
passengers annually
Terminal
1
Terminal
1
Terminal
2
Terminal
2
Terminal
3
Terminal
3
Casablanca AirportCasablanca Airport
Casablanca International Airport
5. Public hallPublic hall
Check-in desksCheck-in desks
Carpets of sorting
of luggage
Carpets of sorting
of luggage
Customs countersCustoms counters
Immigration formalities
Counters
Immigration formalities
Counters
Control filtersControl filters
Boarding room.Boarding room.
Departure ZoneDeparture Zone Arrival zoneArrival zone
Immigration formalities CountersImmigration formalities Counters
Transit ZoneTransit Zone
Check-in desks .Check-in desks .
Counters to buy
flight ticket.
Counters to buy
flight ticket.
Hall.Hall.
Public hallPublic hall
Customs countersCustoms counters
Luggage conveyorsLuggage conveyors
In Each terminal of Casablanca International Airport, we can subdivide the traffic area to
three parts: departure zone , arrival zone and transit zone.
Casablanca AirportCasablanca Airport
6. Context and objectivesContext and objectives
Department of Casablanca Airport ( DCA ) works to ensure the good quality and
continuity of services, and for the safety and security of air traffic at the Casablanca
airport. For these reasons, many decisions are taken in order to achieve the target.
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Strategic Tactical Operations
Horizon decision
Traffic forecasting
Planning of airport
infrastructure
Traffic forecasting
Planning of airport
infrastructure
SchedulingScheduling
Operations control
Daily planning
Operations control
Daily planning
Casablanca International Airport
7. Every day at the evening, the Department of Casablanca Airport (DCA) collaborate
with other organisms of Casablanca Airport (Handling firms like Royal Air Maroc, Police
and Customs ) in order to plan the allocation of resources for meeting the expected
traffic in the next day.
Context and objectivesContext and objectives
Flight Planning
Coordination
Resource allocation
The optimal resource planning have to keep a total duration of passenger processing
lower and the surface of each queue respected.
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8. The objective of DCA is to determine the Optimal number of each type of resource
should be assigned in order to ensure the good quality of passenger processing. This
optima should be proved by a quantitative approach in order to enhance the quality of the
estimation and facilitate consequently the negotiation with the other organisms (Royal Air
Maroc, Police and Customs).
For that, given a flight planning for the next day, DCA have to estimate at first the
consequence of each resource allocation scenario on the quality of passenger processing
by expecting (1) the duration of passenger processing and (2) the congestion.
The duration of passenger processing and the congestion result from the interaction of
both random and deterministic behaviors. Therefore, it’s necessary to develop a program
of flow simulation for better forecasting the duration of passenger processing and the
area occupied. That’s the purpose of our project.
Context and objectivesContext and objectives
8Casablanca International Airport
9. 9
We distinguish three types of process: departure process, arrival process and transit
process.
The transit process consists essentially of stages of the others processes.
Process descriptionProcess description
Departure process Arrival process Transit process
Casablanca International Airport
10. Controlled Variables
Uncontrolled Variables
Static Dynamic
Departure
process
Arrival
Process
Airport facilities :
Departure zone
Airport facilities :
Departure zone
Airport facilities :
Arrival zone
Airport facilities :
Arrival zone
Flight departure
planning
Flight departure
planning
Expected passenger
departure
Expected passenger
departure
Flight arrival
planning
Flight arrival
planning
Expected
passenger arrival
Expected
passenger arrival
Service durationService duration
Routing durationRouting duration
Passenger’s
behavior
Passenger’s
behavior
Service durationService duration
Routing durationRouting duration
Passenger’s
behavior
Passenger’s
behavior Random
phenomena
Random
phenomena
Resource
Planning:
Departure process
Resource
Planning:
Departure process
Model Parameters
Decision
Variables
Resource
Planning:
Arrival Process
Resource
Planning:
Arrival Process
Data structureData structure
In order to facilitate data collection, we have organized data structure accordingly to the
following design:
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11. Departure
process
ArrivalProcess
Decision Variables
Resource Planning: Police agentsResource Planning: Police agents Resource Planning: Customs
agents
Resource Planning: Customs
agents
Number of
police
agents
working in
shift 1
Number of
police
agents
working in
shift 1 24h
Number of
police
agents
working in
shift 2
Number of
police
agents
working in
shift 2
Number of
police
agents
working in
shift 3
Number of
police
agents
working in
shift 3
Number of
Customs
agents
working in
shift 1
Number of
Customs
agents
working in
shift 1
24h
Number of
Customs
agents
working in
shift 2
Number of
Customs
agents
working in
shift 2
Number of
customs
agents
working in
shift 3
Number of
customs
agents
working in
shift 3
Decision variablesDecision variables
11Casablanca International Airport
12. Static data : We have collected data related to
airport facilities through the diagnosis and the
infrastructure documents besides the
conversations with operation agents ( number
of check in desk, number of customs desk ,
….)
Dynamic data : ONDA is used to work with
flight planning and expected passenger.
These data are available in an Excel file
Random variables: we have collected data by
using chronometer and we have modeled the
statistical distribution of :
Each duration service , the routine
duration of passenger .
Routing duration between each two
successive stage in the process.
The arrival time of passenger in check-in
zone.
For collecting data related to Model
parameters, we have used specific ways for
each type of data
A
B
C
BA C
Model parametersModel parameters
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Casablanca International Airport
13. Departure
process
ArrivalProcess
Static Data (example terminal 1)
We have collected data related to airport facilities through the diagnosis and the
infrastructure documents besides the conversations with operations agents41Check-in
Desk
41Check-in
Desk
2customdesk2customdesk
Atmost,3
customsper
desk
Atmost,3
customsper
desk
8Immigration
formalitiesdesk
8Immigration
formalitiesdesk
Atmost,2
Immigration
formalitiesdesk
Atmost,2
Immigration
formalitiesdesk
8international
Boardingrooms
8international
Boardingrooms
1national
Boardingrooms
1national
Boardingrooms
1controlfiler
foreach
boardingroom
1controlfiler
foreach
boardingroom
8Immigration
formalitiesdesk
8Immigration
formalitiesdesk
Atmost,2
Immigration
formalitiesdesk
Atmost,2
Immigration
formalitiesdesk
1customdesk1customdesk
Atmost,5
customsper
desk
Atmost,5
customsper
desk
Static dataStatic data
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Casablanca International Airport
14. Departure
process
ArrivalProcess
Dynamic Data
ONDA is used to work with flight planning and expected passenger. These data are
available in an Excel file
Planningof
departureflight
Planningof
departureflight
Thenumberof
expected
passengers
Thenumberof
expected
passengers
Planningof
arrivalflight
Planningof
arrivalflight
Thenumberof
expected
passengers
Thenumberof
expected
passengers
Dynamic dataDynamic data
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Casablanca International Airport
15. More than 2 weeks for collecting data
by using chronometers.
One day for each stage of the process
The use of three distribution:
• Exponential
• Gaussian distribution
• Triangular distribution.
Select the best the best distribution for
each random variable after comparing
different results.
In case of difficulty to collect data as
some passenger’s behavior, we have
used the uniform distribution
Uncontrolled parametersUncontrolled parameters
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Casablanca International Airport
17. The rule adopted is the first in first out ( FIFO)
Departure Process:
One queue for each check-in desk
One queue for each customs desk
One queue for each immigration formality desk
One queue for each control filter
Arrival process:
One queue for each immigration formality desk
One queue for customs control with capacity is
limited to 4 people. The probability to be
controlled by custom agent is 10%
Queue managementCheck-in desk management
The number of the available desk
for each flight:
Big carrier : 4 desk
Medium carrier : 2 desk
Small carrier : 1 desk
The opening time of check-in :
Long-haul flight: 4 hours
before flight time
National flight : 2hours
before flight time
Others : 3 hours before flight
time
The closing time of check-in : 40
min before flight time
The number of the available desk
for each flight:
Big carrier : 4 desk
Medium carrier : 2 desk
Small carrier : 1 desk
The opening time of check-in :
Long-haul flight: 4 hours
before flight time
National flight : 2hours
before flight time
Others : 3 hours before flight
time
The closing time of check-in : 40
min before flight time
Boarding room management
Management rulesManagement rules
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18. ProcessProcess Collecting Data & statistical modelingCollecting Data & statistical modeling Management rulesManagement rules
Simulation model consists of the three parts : (1) Process (2) Data ( 3) Management rules
After constructing the simulation model , we have developed an IT program for
implementing the flow simulation model
Modeling : SummaryModeling : Summary
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19. We have studied the possibility to use a programming language or simulation software for
better implementing the simulation model
IT Program designingIT Program designing
Programming language Simulation software
Development
C++ Java
VBA ……
After analyzing the context of our project and taking into account many factors related to the
development environment, we have decided to develop our program with a simulation
software “Awesim”.
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Casablanca International Airport
20. IT program is divided on three parts : (1) Inputs (2) Simulator (3) Output
IT Program designingIT Program designing
InputInput
Flight Planning
Resource allocation
ProgramProgram
Expectation of waiting
time and people waiting
Network simulation
OutputOutput
Visual simulation
1 2 3
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21. IT Program: InputIT Program: Input
InputInput
Flight Planning
Resource allocation
1
Flight planning: flight time, departure or arrival, flight type,
aircraft type, parking , boarding room, number of passenger
expected
Resource planning: number of police, customs , luggage
handlers planed to work during each shift (the program give
us the possibility to substitute shift by hour )
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Casablanca International Airport
22. IT Program :NetworkIT Program :Network
ProgramProgram
Network simulation
2
We have modeled the departure
and arrival process in network
simulation with “Awesim”
software. We have included in
the network all static data and
uncontrolled variable of our
simulation model.
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23. 1. Graphic result : represent the expectation of
different indicators. For example:
the waiting time in each stage of the process,
the number of people waiting in each queue,
the total processing time.
IT Program: OutputIT Program: Output
Expectation of waiting time
and people waiting
OutputOutput
Visual simulation
3
Waiting time for
Immigration formality
stage ( police)
Waiting time for
Immigration formality
stage ( police)
people waiting in
police queue
people waiting in
police queue
Total Processing
time
Total Processing
time
We have defined in simulation program two kind of the output:
2. Visual simulation: represent a dynamic simulation in
order to better analyze the flow and detect easily the
enhancement could be done in order to improve the
processing quality.
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Casablanca International Airport
24. Test & ResultTest & Result
After developing the IT program, we have backtested the results given by the model.
Because of constraint of project duration, we have focused on testing one indicator for
evaluation the quality of the model: The number of people waiting in each queue.
By using the IT program, we have forecasted the number of people will be waiting in
different queues (both departure and arrival process) during different period of the day.
On the other hand, we have collected data related the number of people waiting each
queue during different period of the day. These information have allowed us to compare
the reality with the simulation model
For departure process , we have found that quality of the model is almost 81% for
departure process, and more than 85% for arrival process.
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Casablanca International Airport
25. ConclusionConclusion
As we have said at fist, the simulation is the first step of the process of resource
optimization. The use of simulation results through the sensitive analysis help easily to
find a good solution of resource planning problem.
It seems interesting to develop an advanced approach in order to better use the
simulation results . This approach consists to combination of an heuristic method like
genetic algorithm and simulation results in order to find an optimal ( local) solution for
resource optimization problem.
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Generationofinitial
population
Executingthe
simulationforeach
memberoftheInitial
population
Executingthe
crossover,mutation
operator
Endl
For improving the quality of simulations results, we can introduce other random factor by
investing more time on analyzing the disruptions and modeling this random behavior.
Executingthe
simulationforeach
memberofthe
population
If Local
optima
Combination of simulation results and genetic algorithmCombination of simulation results and genetic algorithm
26. Thanks you for your attention
Casablanca International Airport
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27. Réalisé par Nabil SI HAMMOU
للمطارات الوطني المكتب
National Office of Airports
National Institute of Statistics
and Applied Economics
Modeling and simulation of passenger flow
in Casablanca International Airport
Modeling and simulation of passenger flow
in Casablanca International Airport
Nabil Si Hammou
Operations Research Engineer
n.sihammou@gmail.com
Jury:
M. Ghali Maan ABDELLAOUI (INSEA)
M. Adelhamid BENTAIEB (ONDA)
ONDAINSEA
