This tutorial was designed for University of Phoenix AET/545.

1. Introduction to Chest Radiography Jodie Huffstetler AET/545 February 27, 2012 Sarah Celmer

2. Notes : This slide introduces the learner to the proper way to navigate through the web-based tutorial. Text and images of the navigation buttons are included on the slide. The color scheme is blue, black, and white. The font is Calibri size 44 and Arial size 28 and 20. To advance to the next slide, the learner will click the “Arrow” button located on the lower right side of screen. To navigate through the web-based tutorial, please use the navigation buttons provided at the bottom right of the page. This button takes you to the beginning of the tutorial. This button takes you to the previous page. This button takes you to the next page. This button takes you back to the original slide.

5. Introduction to Chest Radiography Thorax Anatomy Click HERE Label the Thorax Click HERE Pathology Click HERE Identification of thorax anatomy is essential for the successful learning of the elements associated with chest radiography. This lesson will identify anatomy of the thorax and provide a definition of each anatomical term. Labeling the correct location of thorax anatomy on a radiograph is required to demonstrate full knowledge of the anatomical parts associated with chest radiography. This lesson will identify the proper location of essential anatomy within the chest. Understanding and identifying pathological conditions within the thorax is very important. This lesson will define and identify three pathologies associated with the thorax. To navigate through the tutorial, click on the icons you wish to explore. Practice Click HERE This lesson allows you to practice your knowledge and skill of chest radiography.

6. NEXT CLAVICLE SCAPULA 4 TH RIB 8 TH RIB COSTOPHRENIC ANGLE LUNG BASE AORTIC ARCH LUNG APEX HEART HILUM TRACHEA

7. Collarbone; Long bone between the scapula and the sternum. CLAVICLE Clavicle

8. NEXT CLAVICLE SCAPULA 4 TH RIB 8 TH RIB COSTOPHRENIC ANGLE LUNG BASE AORTIC ARCH LUNG APEX HEART HILUM TRACHEA

9. Scapula Shoulder blade; connects humerus with the clavicle. SCAPULA

10. NEXT CLAVICLE SCAPULA 4 TH RIB 8 TH RIB COSTOPHRENIC ANGLE LUNG BASE AORTIC ARCH LUNG APEX HEART HILUM TRACHEA

11. 4 th Rib True rib 4 TH RIB

12. NEXT CLAVICLE SCAPULA 4 TH RIB 8 TH RIB COSTOPHRENIC ANGLE LUNG BASE AORTIC ARCH LUNG APEX HEART HILUM TRACHEA

13. 8th Rib False rib 8 TH RIB

14. NEXT CLAVICLE SCAPULA 4 TH RIB 8 TH RIB COSTOPHRENIC ANGLE LUNG BASE AORTIC ARCH LUNG APEX HEART HILUM TRACHEA

15. Costophrenic Angle Where the diaphragm meets the ribs. COSTOPHRENIC ANGLE

16. NEXT CLAVICLE SCAPULA 4 TH RIB 8 TH RIB COSTOPHRENIC ANGLE LUNG BASE AORTIC ARCH LUNG APEX HEART HILUM TRACHEA

17. Lung Apex Rounded upper part of human lung. LUNG APEX

18. NEXT CLAVICLE SCAPULA 4 TH RIB 8 TH RIB COSTOPHRENIC ANGLE LUNG BASE AORTIC ARCH LUNG APEX HEART HILUM TRACHEA

19. Trachea Windpipe; Allows for the passage of air. TRACHEA

20. NEXT CLAVICLE SCAPULA 4 TH RIB 8 TH RIB COSTOPHRENIC ANGLE LUNG BASE AORTIC ARCH LUNG APEX HEART HILUM TRACHEA

21. Largest artery in the body and extends upward from the heart. AORTIC ARCH Aortic Arch

22. NEXT CLAVICLE SCAPULA 4 TH RIB 8 TH RIB COSTOPHRENIC ANGLE LUNG BASE AORTIC ARCH LUNG APEX HEART HILUM TRACHEA

23. Hilum Part of the heart where blood vessels and arteries enter and exit the viscus. HILUM

24. NEXT CLAVICLE SCAPULA 4 TH RIB 8 TH RIB COSTOPHRENIC ANGLE LUNG BASE AORTIC ARCH LUNG APEX HEART HILUM TRACHEA

25. Heart Cardiac muscle; Vital organ that pumps blood through the cardiovascular system. HEART

26. NEXT CLAVICLE SCAPULA 4 TH RIB 8 TH RIB COSTOPHRENIC ANGLE LUNG BASE AORTIC ARCH LUNG APEX HEART HILUM TRACHEA

27. Lung Base Inferior part of the human lung. LUNG BASE

28. Clavicle Scapula 4 th Rib 8 th Rib Costophrenic Angle Lung Apex Aortic Arch Hilum Heart Lung Base Trachea T Identify the location of specific anatomy in the thorax. To view the location of the anatomy, click on the blue box next to the word to properly label the thorax.

29. Scapula 4 th Rib 8 th Rib Costophrenic Angle Lung Apex Aortic Arch Hilum Heart Lung Base Trachea T Clavicle Click the box next to “scapula”.

30. 4 th Rib 8 th Rib Costophrenic Angle Lung Apex Aortic Arch Hilum Heart Lung Base Trachea T Scapula Click on the box next to “4 th rib”.

31. 8 th Rib Costophrenic Angle Lung Apex Aortic Arch Hilum Heart Lung Base Trachea T 4 th Rib To illustrate the proper placement of the 8 th rib, click the box next to “8 th rib”.

32. Costophrenic Angle Lung Apex Aortic Arch Hilum Heart Lung Base Trachea T 8 th Rib Click the box next to “costophrenic angle”.

33. Lung Apex Aortic Arch Hilum Heart Lung Base Trachea T Costophrenic Angle Next, click on the box next to “lung apex”.

34. Aortic Arch Hilum Heart Lung Base Trachea T Lung Apex To demonstrate the aortic arch, you will click on the box next to “Aortic Arch”.

35. Hilum Heart Lung Base Trachea T Aortic Arch Now, you will click on the box next to “hilum”.

36. Heart Lung Base Trachea T Hilum Now, click on the box next to “heart”.

37. Lung Base Trachea T Heart Click on the box next to the words “lung base”.

38. Trachea T Lung Base Finally, click on the box next to the word “trachea”.

39. T Trachea Great job! You have completed the labeling portion of the thorax!

40. Pneumonia Pneumothorax Pleural Effusion Common pathologies of the thorax pertinent to radiography are pleural effusion, pneumonia, and pneumothorax. Click on the links below to learn more about each pathological condition and how each are presented on a chest radiograph.

41. A pleural effusion is a buildup of fluid between the layers of tissue that line the lungs and chest cavity. To visualize a pleural effusion on a radiograph, click here.

42. The circled area on the chest radiograph illustrates the buildup of fluid in the left lobe of the lung. To adequately view this on a chest radiograph, the image must be taken with the patient in an erect position.

43. Pneumonia is a breathing (respiratory) condition in which there is an infection of the lung. To visualize pneumonia on a radiograph, click here.

44. The area within the square shows lower right lobe pneumonia. If a patient has pneumonia, the technologist must increase the radiographic technique to efficiently penetrate this area and produce a quality image.

45. A collapsed lung, or pneumothorax, is the collection of air in the space around the lungs. This buildup of air puts pressure on the lung, so it cannot expand as much as it normally does when you take a breath. To visualize a pneumothorax on a radiograph, click here.

46. This radiograph shows a complete pneumothorax of the left lung. You will notice there are no lung markings on the left side of the patient’s chest. The black area with no lung marking is indicative of a collapsed lung. The best way to view a pneumothorax is by taking the x-ray on expiration.

47. Anatomy review and labeling the thorax are combined in this interactive exercise. Click HERE to begin! Review pathology of the thorax in this interactive exercise. Click HERE to begin!

48. Click on the square that represents the clavicle. Practice Exercise

51. Next, you will click on the square that represents the scapula. Practice Exercise

54. Now, click on the square that represents the location of the lung apex. Practice Exercise

57. Please click on the square that represents the heart. Practice Exercise

60. You will now click on the square that represents the location of the costophrenic angle. Practice Exercise

63. You are half way done! Click on the square that represents the lung base. Practice Exercise

66. Next, you will click on the square that represents the hilum . Practice Exercise

69. Now, click on the square that represents the trachea . Practice Exercise

72. You will now click the square that represents the aortic arch. Practice Exercise

75. Next, click on the square that represents the 4 th rib. Practice Exercise

78. Congratulations! You have made it to the last question! Click on the square that represents the 8 th rib. Practice Exercise

81. Identify the correct film that illustrates a pneumothorax. A B Choose the correct answer by clicking on the box next to the correct letter.

82. This film illustrates a pleural effusion in the left lung. The fluid is the white area on the left side of the lung and is filling the base of the lung causing it to be round instead of having a sharp angle. Please Try Again

83. This film illustrates a pneumothorax of the entire right lung. Notice the right lung is completely black with no lung markings present.

84. Identify the correct film that illustrates pneumonia. A B Choose the correct answer by clicking on the box next to the correct letter.

85. Incorrect Please Try Again This film illustrates a pleural effusion in the left lung. The fluid is the white area on the left side of the lung and is filling the base of the lung causing it to be round instead of having a sharp angle.

86. CORRECT! This film illustrates a right lower lobe pneumonia. Notice the white area in the right lower lobe. This is indicative of pneumonia.

87. Identify the correct film that illustrates a pleural effusion. A B Choose the correct answer by clicking on the box next to the correct letter.

88. Incorrect This film illustrates a right middle lobe pneumonia. Notice the white area in the right middle lobe. This is indicative of pneumonia. Please Try Again

89. CORRECT! This film illustrates a pleural effusion in the left lung. The fluid is the white area on the left side of the lung and is filling the base of the lung causing it to be round instead of having a sharp angle.

90. QUIZ #1 QUIZ #2 QUIZ #3 Thorax Anatomy Location of Anatomy Pathology