1. JANUARY 1,1892 –
APRIL 15, 1948
5th President of the
Philippines
3rd President of the
Commonwealth
1st president of the
Third Republic

2.  Roxas occupied more important positions in the Philippine
government than any other Filipino had ever held before
him.Starting in 1917 he was a member of the municipal
council of Capiz. He became the youngest governor of his
province and served in this capacity from 1919 to 1922.
 He was elected to the Philippine House of Representatives
in 1922, and for twelve consecutive years was Speaker of
the House. He was member of the Constitutional
Convention 1934 to 1935, Secretary of Finance, Chairman
of the National Economic Council, Chairman of the
National Development Company and many other
government corporations and agencies, Brigadier
General in the USAFFE, and Guerilla leader.

3. Roxas served as the President of the
Commonwealth of the Philippines in a brief
period, from May 28, 1946 to July 4, 1946
during which time Roxas helped prepared the
groundwork for an independent Philippines.
On May 28, 1946, Roxas was inaugurated as the
last President of the Commonwealth of the
Philippines. The inaugural ceremonies were
held in the ruins of the Legislative Building
(now part of the National Museum of the
Philippines) and were witnessed by about
200,000 people.[citation needed] In his address, he
outlined the main policies of his
administration, mainly: closer ties with the
United States; adherence to the newly
created United Nations; national
reconstruction; relief for the masses; social
justice for the working class; the maintenance
of peace and order; the preservation of
individual rights and liberties of the citizenry;
and honesty and efficiency of government.
On June 3, 1946, Roxas appeared for
the first time before a joint session of
Congress to deliver his first State of the
Nation Address. Among other things,
he told the members of the Congress
the grave problems and difficulties the
Philippines face and reported on his
special trip to the United States to
discuss the approval for
independence.
On June 21, he reappeared in front of
another joint session of the Congress
and urged the acceptance of two
laws passed by the Congress of the
United States on April 30, 1946—the
Tydings–McDuffie Act, of Philippine
Rehabilitation Act, and the Bell Trade
Act or Philippine Trade Act] Both
recommendations were accepted by
the Congress.

4. Manuel Roxas' term as the
President of the
Commonwealth ended on
the morning of July 4, 1946,
when the Third Republic of the
Philippines was inaugurated
and independence from the
United States proclaimed. The
occasion, attended by some
300,000 people, was marked
by the simultaneous lowering
of the Stars and Stripes and
raising of the National Flag, a
21-gun salute, and the pealing
of church bells. Roxas then
swore the Oath of Office as
the first President of the new
Republic.

5. When Manuel Roxas started his
term as the first president of the
third republic, he was left with the
post-war state of Philippines.
Production decreased, education
diminished, unemployment rate
increased, interference from
America heightened, and the
HUKBALAHAP movement
intensified. Since this was the state
of the country, his inauguration
speech centralized on the
rehabilitation of the country. In
exchange for 800 million dollars of
rehabilitation money, the Bell
Trade Act or the Philippine Trade
Act was signed. Along with that
policy, others like the General
Amnesty and Military Bases
Agreement was implemented.
 Most policies were manipulated by
American government officials who
made the policies more beneficial to
the American citizens. Issues like the Bell
Trade Act were highly criticized by
people because it allowed Americans
to exploit the Philippine’s natural
resources. The countrymen felt
bought because that right should
have been exclusive to Filipino
citizens. The Military Bases
Agreement further angered the
people because it allowed the
American military to have their
leased bases in the Philippines till
year 2045. Roxas had a hard time
managing people who did not
agree with his policies. People
attempted to murder him, but
fortunately for him, he was able to
escape death.

6.  Roxas did not finish his full four-year term. On
the morning of April 15, 1948 Roxas delivered a
speech before the United States Thirteenth Air
Force. After the speech, he felt dizzy and was
brought to the residence of Major General E.L.
Eubank at Clark Field, Pampanga. He died
later that night of a heart attack.[11][12] Roxas'
term as President is thus the third shortest,
lasting one year, ten months, and 18 days.
 On April 17, 1948, two days after Roxas' death,
Vice-President Elpidio Quirino took the oath of
office as President of the Philippines.

7.  Philippine 100 peso bill
 In his honour Roxas,
Capiz and Roxas,
Isabela were named
after him. Dewey
Boulevard in the City
of Manila was
renamed in his
memory, and he is
currently depicted on
the 100 Philippine peso
bill.