This brief (30 minute) overview of open educational resources and their benefits was presented to the a meeting of college of business faculty at university in Utah.

1. lumen
lumenlearning.com
Open Educational Resources
Increasing student success and academic freedom
David Wiley, PhD
http://davidwiley.org/
http://lumenlearning.com/

2. 2
Textbook Costs and Student Success
Outcomes
Six-year
graduation
rate for
open access
institutions
33%
Avg. annual textbook
cost per college
student
$1,200
Costs growing
3x
inflation
Cost
students go without
textbooks due to cost
6 in 10
take fewer
courses
due to
textbook
cost
35%
Access
of community college
students achieve
credential goals
<50%

3. Providing
Access
Handwriting Printing Press Internet
Make a copy
of a textbook
$1000s per
copy
$1s per copy $0.0001s per
copy
Distribute
a textbook
$1000s per
copy
$1s per copy $0.0001s per
copy

6. 6
Internet, Textbook Costs, Student Success
Outcomes
Six-year
graduation
rate for
open access
institutions
?%
Avg. annual textbook
cost per college
student
< $50
Costs
dropping
Cost
students go without
textbooks due to cost
0 in 10
take fewer
courses
due to
textbook
cost
0%
Access
of community college
students achieve
credential goals
?%

8. ©

9. Copyright
Regulates
Handwriting Printing Press Internet
Copying
of a textbook
$1000s per
copy
$1s per copy $0.0001s per
copy
Distributing
a textbook
$1000s per
copy
$1s per copy $0.0001s per
copy

10. Tech
Enables
Law
Forbids

12. in the air?

13. open

14. Open Educational Resources

15. Open Educational Resources?
Any kind of teaching materials –
textbooks, syllabi, lesson plans,
videos, readings, exams

16. Open Educational Resources?
(1) Free and unfettered access, and
(2) Free copyright permissions to
engage in the 5R activities

17. open ≠ free

18. open = free + permissions

19. • Make and own copiesRetain
• Use in a wide range of waysReuse
• Adapt, modify, and improveRevise
• Combine two or moreRemix
• Share with othersRedistribute
The 5Rs

21. Tech
Enables
OER
Permits

22. Copyright
Regulates
Handwriting Printing Press Internet
Make a copy
of a work
$1000s per
copy
$1s per copy $0.0001s per
copy
Make changes
to a work
$1000s per
copy
$100s per copy $0.01s per
copy
Redistribute
a work
$1000s per
copy
$1s per copy $0.0001s per
copy

23. traditionally © materials
+ internet

25. openly licensed materials
+ internet

27. 27
Textbook Costs and Student Success
Outcomes
Six-year
graduation
rate for
open access
institutions
?%
Avg. annual textbook
cost per college
student
< $50
Costs
dropping
Cost
students go without
textbooks due to cost
0 in 10
take fewer
courses
due to
textbook
cost
0%
Access
of community college
students achieve
credential goals
?%

29. Project Kaleidoscope

30. Participants
• 4,909 treatment
• 11,818 control
• 50 undergraduate courses
• 130 teachers
• 8 institutions

31. Method
Quasi-experimental design with:
• Propensity Score Matching
• Dependent variables: Completion; C
or Better; Credits Enrolled This Term;
Next Term
• Independent variable: Textbook
condition
• Covariates: age, gender, and race

32. Propensity Score Matching
Increased group balance by 98%

33. Results
Increased:
• Completion (X2
res = +2.9, -2.9)
• C or Better (X2
res = -2.5, +2.7)
• Credits this term t(8101) = 27.81, p < .01
• Credits next term F(1, 6440) = 154.08,
p <.01
Submitted to Computers in Education

34. Utah Open Textbooks

35. Participants
• Nebo School District
• 4183 students
• 43 teachers
• Earth Science, Biology, Chemistry

36. Method
Quasi-experimental design with:
• Treatment and Control Group
• Propensity Score Matching
• Dependent variable: Score on 2012
statewide standardized science exam
• Independent variable: Textbook condition
• 15 Covariates: including age, gender,
special education, English language
proficiency, 2011 test data, 2011 GPA, and
race

37. Outcome: State Standardized Test
• IRT scaled scores increased
with open textbooks, p < .001
• Multiple r squared = .635
• Published in Ed Researcher

38. Developmental Math
Published in Educause Review

39. 39
% Completing with C or Better
48.4%
60.2%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Spring
2011
No OER
Spring
2013
All OER

40. From textbook and MyMathLab ($170)
To OER and MyOpenMath ($5)

41. “Mad” “Glad”
“Sad” “Rad”
Cost
Completing with C or Better
Learning Outcomes per Dollar
0 100%
$200

42. “Mad” “Glad”
“Sad” “Rad”
Cost
Completing with C or Better
Pearson
Learning Outcomes per Dollar
0 100%
$200

43. “Mad” “Glad”
“Sad” “Rad”
Cost
Completing with C or Better
Pearson
OER
Learning Outcomes per Dollar
0 100%
$200

44. Associates of Business
“Z Degree”
Graduate without ever buying a textbook
World’s first “all-OER” degree
~30% cheaper for students

45. When a student drops, it..
Slows down their graduation
Costs the institution tuition dollars
(refunds)

46. (182 * .89 * $164.35 * 3) in-state + (182 * .11 *
$358.95 * 3) out-of-state = $304,269 annual INTRO
Submitted to EPAA
INTRO Model

47. open pedagogy

48. PM4ID

49. summary

50. lumen
lumenlearning.com
lumenlearning.com
Let’s pause, and then have a conversation